Autophagy-related protein: Difference between revisions

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</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>


== 3D Structures of autophagy-related protein ==
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
*Autophagy-related protein 3
 
**[[2dyt]] – yAtg3 – yeast<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 4
 
**[[2z0d]], [[2z0e]], [[2zzp]] – hAtg4B (mutant) + LC3 – human<br />
**[[2p82]] – hAtg4A<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 4B
 
**[[5lxi]], [[5lxh]] – hAtg4B + GABARAP-L1<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 5
 
**[[3vqi]] – KmAtg5 – ''Kluyveromyces marxianus''<br />
**[[4tq1]] – hAtg5 + TECAIR peptide<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 7 or ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme Atg7
 
**[[3vh1]], [[3vh2]] – yAtg7 <br />
**[[3ruj]], [[3t7f]] – yAtg7 N terminal <br />
**[[3t7h]], [[4gsj]] – yAtg7 N terminal (mutant)<br />
**[[3t7e]] – yAtg7 C terminal <br />
**[[5yec]], [[3rui]], [[3vh3]] – yAtg7 C terminal + Atg8<br />
**[[3vh4]] – yAtg7 C terminal + Atg8 + ATP<br />
**[[4gsl]], [[3t7g]], [[3vx8]] – yAtg7 + Atg3<br />
**[[4gsk]] – yAtg7 + Atg10<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 8
 
**[[2kq7]] – yAtg8 - NMR <br />
**[[2kwc]] – yAtg8 (mutant) - NMR <br />
**[[3m95]] – Atg8 – silk worm <br />
*Autophagy-related protein 10
 
**[[4ebr]] – yAtg10 <br />
*Autophagy-related protein 12
 
**[[1wz3]] – AtAtg12B – ''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 16
 
**[[3a7o]] – yAtg16 coiled-coil domain <br />
**[[3a7p]] – yAtg16 coiled-coil domain (mutant)<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 19
 
**[[2kzb]] – yAtg19 a-mannosidase binding domain - NMR <br />
*Autophagy-related protein 101
 
**[[4wzg]] – hAtg101 <br />
*Autophagy-related protein 1+13
 
**[[4p1n]] – KmAtg1 + KmAtg13<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 3+5+12+16
 
**[[4naw]] – hAtg3 peptide + hAtg5 + hAtg12 + hAtg16-1 N terminal<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 5+12+16
 
**[[4gdk]], [[4gdl]] – hAtg5 + hAtg12 + hAtg16-1 N terminal<br />
**[[3w1s]] – yAtg5 + yAtg12 + yAtg16 N terminal<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 5+16
 
**[[2dym]], [[2dyo]] – yAtg5 + yAtg16 N terminal<br />
**[[4tq0]] – hAtg5 + hAtg16-1 N terminal<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 7+3
 
**[[3t7g]] – yAtg7 N terminal + yAtg3 peptide<br />
**[[4gsl]] – yAtg7 + yAtg3 (mutant)<br />
**[[3vx8]] – AtAtg7 N terminal + AtAtg3 <br />
*Autophagy-related protein 7+8
 
**[[3vh3]] – yAtg7 C terminal + yAtg8 (mutant)<br />
**[[2li5]] – yAtg7 peptide + yAtg8 (mutant)<br />
**[[3rui]] – yAtg7 C terminal (mutant) + yAtg8 <br />
**[[3vh4]] – yAtg7 C terminal + yAtg8 (mutant) + ATP<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 7+10
 
**[[4gsk]] – yAtg7 (mutant) + yAtg10 (mutant)<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 8+19
 
**[[2zpn]] – yAtg8 + yAtg19 peptide<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 8+32
 
**[[3vxw]] – yAtg8 + yAtg32 peptide<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 13+101
 
**[[4yk8]] – Atg13 + Atg101 – fission yeast<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 17+29+31
 
**[[4hpq]] – yAtg17 peptide + yAtg29 + yAtg31 (mutant)<br />
*Autophagy-related protein 13+17+29+31
 
**[[4p1w]] – yAtg13 + yAtg17 peptide +
}}
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Revision as of 12:07, 27 March 2019

Autophagy-related proteins (Atg) function in autophagosome formation from the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS). The phagosomes perform protein degradation under starvation. Autophagy is the process of forming a vacuole around proteins or nucleic acids destined to be broken down. This vacuole is a double membrane enclosure called phagophore. Atgs have non-autophagic functions as well as they are involved in cell survival and apoptosis.[1] So far 34 Atgs have been identified in yeast.

  • Atg1, 6, 14 are involved in the formation of the phagophore.
  • Atg3 catalyzes the conjugation of Atg8 and phosphatidylethanolamine. This conjugation is essential for autophagosome formation.
  • Atg4, 5, 7, 10, 16 are involved in the maturation of the phagophore.
  • Atg8 is structurally similar to ubiquitin. It is a targeting factor in cytoplasm-to-vacuole transport of proteins such as aminopeptidase and a-mannosidase. Microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 LC3 is a mammalian Atg8.
  • Atg12 is involved in the elongation of the phagophore.
  • Atg13, 17 are PAS scaffold proteins.
  • Atg101 is believed to protect Atg13 from proteasomal degradation.

Structural highlights

in yeast Atg7 C-terminal domain.[2]

3D Structures of autophagy-related protein

Autophagy-related protein 3D structures


Yeast Atg7 C terminal (green) complex with Atg8 (magenta) and Zn+2 ion (grey) (PDB code 3vh3)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

ReferencesReferences

  1. ↑ Shibutani ST, Saitoh T, Nowag H, Munz C, Yoshimori T. Autophagy and autophagy-related proteins in the immune system. Nat Immunol. 2015 Sep 18;16(10):1014-24. doi: 10.1038/ni.3273. PMID:26382870 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.3273
  2. ↑ Noda NN, Satoo K, Fujioka Y, Kumeta H, Ogura K, Nakatogawa H, Ohsumi Y, Inagaki F. Structural basis of Atg8 activation by a homodimeric E1, Atg7. Mol Cell. 2011 Nov 4;44(3):462-75. PMID:22055191 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.035

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman, Jaime Prilusky
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