Pseudouridine: Difference between revisions

← Older edit Newer edit →

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Wayne Decatur, Angel Herraez

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Pseudouridine==
-In addition to the [[Standard Residues|standard ribonucleotides]], many [[RNA]] molecules contain '''modified nucleotides''' formed post-transcriptionally. [[Pseudouridine]] is formed by the isomerization of uridine into [[Pseudouridine|pseudouridine]] and is the most abundant of these [[Non-Standard Residue|non-standard ribonucleotides]]. For that reason, it is sometimes referred to as the 'fifth ribonucleotide' of [[RNA]], along with adenine (A), uradine (U), guanine(G), and cytosine(C).
+In addition to the [[Standard Residues|standard ribonucleotides]], many [[RNA]] molecules contain '''modified nucleotides''' formed post-transcriptionally. [[Pseudouridine]] is formed in the context of a polyribonucleotide chain by the isomerization of uridine monophospate into [[Pseudouridine|pseudouridine]] and is the most abundant of these [[Non-Standard Residue|non-standard ribonucleotides]]. For that reason, it is sometimes referred to as the 'fifth ribonucleotide' of [[RNA]], along with adenine (A), uridine (U), guanine(G), and cytosine(C) monophosphates.
-[[Image:Pseudouridine.png|center|350px]]
+<!----[[Image:Pseudouridine.png|center|350px]] DELETED THIS IMAGE FOR NOW BECAUSE, AS POINTED OUT BY ANGEL, THEY SHOW IT AS A NUCLEOSIDE WHICH IS NOT BIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT FOR PSEUDOURIDINE FORMATION, since the reaction occurs on RNA chains where nucleotides would be present. ---->
-In contrast to the formation of several other types of modifications where moieties are added covalently to the bases or backbone, the formation of pseudoridine from uridine is mechanistically rather complex. In order to form this modified nucleotide, the base has to be removed from the uridine, rotated, and covalently rebonded to form pseudouridine.
-Most tRNAs contain modified nucleotides, [[TRNA|tRNAs]] are well-known to feature this modification<ref>PMID:20459084</ref>, and [[TRNA|tRNAs]] are well-known to feature this modification, which are added post-transcriptionally by specific enzymes. Archaeal and Eukaryotic rRNAs are well known to be targets of guided pseudouridine formation by protein-small RNA complexes. However, recent studies have revealed many more pseudouridines exist in messenger RNA in humans than appreciated before<ref>PMID: 25192136</ref>, <ref>PMID: 25367125</ref>, <ref>PMID: 30414851</ref>.
+In contrast to the formation of several other types of modifications where moieties are added covalently to the bases or backbone, the formation of pseudouridine from uridine is mechanistically rather complex. In order to form this modified nucleotide, the base has to be removed from the uridine monophospate, rotated, and covalently rebonded to form pseudouridine.
+Most tRNAs contain modified nucleotides, [[TRNA|tRNAs]] are well-known to feature this modification<ref>PMID:20459084</ref>, and [[TRNA|tRNAs]] are well-known to feature this modification, which are added post-transcriptionally by specific enzymes. Archaeal and Eukaryotic rRNAs are well known to be targets of guided pseudouridine formation by protein-small RNA complexes. However, recent studies have revealed many more pseudouridines exist in messenger RNA in humans than appreciated before<ref>PMID: 25192136</ref>, <ref>PMID: 25367125</ref>, <ref>PMID: 30414851</ref>.
 == Representation ==