Papain: Difference between revisions
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'''Papain'''. Meat tenderizer. Old time home remedy for insect, jellyfish, and stingray stings<ref>[http://www.ameriden.com/products/advanced-digestive-enzyme/] Ameridan International</ref>. Who would have thought that a sulfhydryl protease from the latex of the papaya fruit, ''Carica papaya'' and ''Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis'', would have such a practical application beyond Proteopedia? | '''Papain'''. Meat tenderizer. Old time home remedy for insect, jellyfish, and stingray stings<ref>[http://www.ameriden.com/products/advanced-digestive-enzyme/] Ameridan International</ref>. Who would have thought that a sulfhydryl protease from the latex of the papaya fruit, ''Carica papaya'' and ''Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis'', would have such a practical application beyond Proteopedia? | ||
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== Introduction == | |||
Papain is a 23.4 kDa, 212 residue cysteine protease, also known as '''papaya proteinase I''', from the peptidase C1 family ([[EC Number|E.C.]] [[Hydrolase|3.4.22.2]]).<ref>[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P00784] Uniprot</ref><ref name="9PAP PDB">[http://www.pdb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=9PAP] 9PAP PDB</ref> It is the natural product of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carica_papaya Papaya](''Carica papaya'')<ref name="Sigma Aldrich">[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/metabolomics/enzyme-explorer/analytical-enzymes/papain.html] Sigma Aldrich</ref>, and may be extracted from the plant's latex, leaves and roots. Papain displays a broad range of functions, acting as an endopeptidase, exopeptidase, amidase, and esterase,<ref name="Worthington">[http://www.worthington-biochem.com/pap/default.html] Worthington</ref> with its optimal activity values for pH lying between 6.0 and 7.0, and its optimal temperature for activity is 65 °C. Its pI values are 8.75 and 9.55, and it is best visualized at a wavelength of 278 nm. <ref name="Sigma Aldrich" /> | Papain is a 23.4 kDa, 212 residue cysteine protease, also known as '''papaya proteinase I''', from the peptidase C1 family ([[EC Number|E.C.]] [[Hydrolase|3.4.22.2]]).<ref>[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P00784] Uniprot</ref><ref name="9PAP PDB">[http://www.pdb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=9PAP] 9PAP PDB</ref> It is the natural product of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carica_papaya Papaya](''Carica papaya'')<ref name="Sigma Aldrich">[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/metabolomics/enzyme-explorer/analytical-enzymes/papain.html] Sigma Aldrich</ref>, and may be extracted from the plant's latex, leaves and roots. Papain displays a broad range of functions, acting as an endopeptidase, exopeptidase, amidase, and esterase,<ref name="Worthington">[http://www.worthington-biochem.com/pap/default.html] Worthington</ref> with its optimal activity values for pH lying between 6.0 and 7.0, and its optimal temperature for activity is 65 °C. Its pI values are 8.75 and 9.55, and it is best visualized at a wavelength of 278 nm. <ref name="Sigma Aldrich" /> | ||