Nitrite reductase: Difference between revisions
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Cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNIR) is a central enzyme of the nitrogen cycle. It binds nitrite, and reduces it by transferring 6 electrons to form ammonia. This ammonia can then be utilized to synthesize nitrogen containing molecules such as amino acids or nucleic acids. However, ccNiR’s primary role is to help extract energy from the reduction; ammonia is simply a potentially useful byproduct. In general, heterotrophic organisms feed on electron-rich substances such as sugars or fatty acids. During the metabolism of these substances large numbers of electrons are produced. Many organisms use oxygen as the final acceptor of these electrons, in which case water is formed. However, some organisms can use alternative electron acceptors such as nitrite, which is where ccNiR comes in. | Cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNIR) is a central enzyme of the nitrogen cycle. It binds nitrite, and reduces it by transferring 6 electrons to form ammonia. This ammonia can then be utilized to synthesize nitrogen containing molecules such as amino acids or nucleic acids. However, ccNiR’s primary role is to help extract energy from the reduction; ammonia is simply a potentially useful byproduct. In general, heterotrophic organisms feed on electron-rich substances such as sugars or fatty acids. During the metabolism of these substances large numbers of electrons are produced. Many organisms use oxygen as the final acceptor of these electrons, in which case water is formed. However, some organisms can use alternative electron acceptors such as nitrite, which is where ccNiR comes in. | ||
For additional details see [[CcNiR]]. | For additional details see [[CcNiR]]. | ||
'''Siroheme-containing NR''' contains siroheme which is a heme-like group used for reduction of sulfur and nitrogen. | |||
'''Laue Crystal Structure of ''Shewanella oneidensis'' Cytochrome c Nitrite Reductase from a High-yield Expression System''' <ref name="Youngblut">doi 10.1007/s00775-012-0885-0</ref> | '''Laue Crystal Structure of ''Shewanella oneidensis'' Cytochrome c Nitrite Reductase from a High-yield Expression System''' <ref name="Youngblut">doi 10.1007/s00775-012-0885-0</ref> | ||