Pertactin sandbox1: Difference between revisions
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==Pertactin vs Pertussis Toxin: Virulence Factors== | ==Pertactin vs Pertussis Toxin: Virulence Factors== | ||
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Pertactin and Pertussis toxin are both virulence factors that contribute to respiratory tract infection and whooping cough. Both are responsible for binding the foreign bacterial cell to the host organism’s cells. Despite similar functions Pertactin and Pertussis toxin have very different structures. Pertussis toxin is a virulence factor only produced by Bordetella pertussis. It is known to cause systemic symptoms of pertussis disease, such as leukocytosis and histamine sensitivity. It has also, recently, been discovered to promote respiratory infection by inhibiting and modulating host cell immune responses. Pertussis toxin acts as a soluble factor, attacking resident cells of the trachea and lungs such as macrophages (). Pertussis toxin’s wide variety of functions is due to its ability to recognize numerous carbohydrate receptors on eukaryotic cells. Pertussis toxin consists of five different subunits, which most likely is responsible for its ability to recognize multiple receptors (). BLAST results revealed that a single domain is contained within subunits 1, 4 and 5: Pertussis_S1 superfamily, Pertussis_S4 superfamily and Pertussis_S5 superfamily. Subunits 2 and 3 contain an ATP superfamily and Pertussis_S2S3 Superfamily, which represent the N-terminal domain of aerolysin and pertussis toxin and the C-terminal domain, respectively. | Pertactin and Pertussis toxin are both virulence factors that contribute to respiratory tract infection and whooping cough. Both are responsible for binding the foreign bacterial cell to the host organism’s cells. Despite similar functions Pertactin and Pertussis toxin have very different structures. Pertussis toxin is a virulence factor only produced by Bordetella pertussis. It is known to cause systemic symptoms of pertussis disease, such as leukocytosis and histamine sensitivity. It has also, recently, been discovered to promote respiratory infection by inhibiting and modulating host cell immune responses. Pertussis toxin acts as a soluble factor, attacking resident cells of the trachea and lungs such as macrophages (). Pertussis toxin’s wide variety of functions is due to its ability to recognize numerous carbohydrate receptors on eukaryotic cells. Pertussis toxin consists of five different subunits, which most likely is responsible for its ability to recognize multiple receptors (). BLAST results revealed that a single domain is contained within subunits 1, 4 and 5: Pertussis_S1 superfamily, Pertussis_S4 superfamily and Pertussis_S5 superfamily. Subunits 2 and 3 contain an ATP superfamily and Pertussis_S2S3 Superfamily, which represent the N-terminal domain of aerolysin and pertussis toxin and the C-terminal domain, respectively. | ||