Gunnar Reiske/Sandbox 102: Difference between revisions

The gluten protein complex is made up of gliadin and glutenin components. Of the complex, gliadin directly affects the induction of an innate immune response via the proline and glutamine peptide sequences. In the small intestine of patients with celiac disease, HLA DQ2 restricted T-cells are present. After ingestion of a gluten product, the gliadin peptides enter the circulatory system and come into contact with lymphocytes and the gliadin-specific, HLA DQ2 restricted T-cells, which is the fundamental step in producing the inflammatory response associated with celiac disease (Maiuri et al., 2003).<ref>Luigi Maiuri, Carolina Ciacci, Ida Ricciardelli, Loredana Vacca, Valeria Raia, Salvatore Auricchio, Jean Picard, Mohamed Osman, Sonia Quaratino, Marco Londei, Association between innate response to gliadin and activation of pathogenic T cells in coeliac disease, The Lancet, Volume 362, Issue 9377, 5 July 2003, Pages 30-37, ISSN 0140-6736, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13803-2.

Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are responsible for regulation of the immune system. The binding of gliadin peptides to HLA should be the same in celiac and non-celiac patients. However, it is unclear why only specific individuals produce the gliadin-specific, HLA DQ2 restricted T-cells with pathogenic consequences. These implications suggest an underlying genetic component (Maiuri et al., 2003).<ref>Luigi Maiuri, Carolina Ciacci, Ida Ricciardelli, Loredana Vacca, Valeria Raia, Salvatore Auricchio, Jean Picard, Mohamed Osman, Sonia Quaratino, Marco Londei, Association between innate response to gliadin and activation of pathogenic T cells in coeliac disease, The Lancet, Volume 362, Issue 9377, 5 July 2003, Pages 30-37, ISSN 0140-6736, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13803-2.