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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hrk]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HRK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HRK FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hrk]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HRK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HRK FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CHD:CHOLIC+ACID'>CHD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene><br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CHD:CHOLIC+ACID'>CHD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene></td></tr>
<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrochelatase Ferrochelatase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.99.1.1 4.99.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrochelatase Ferrochelatase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.99.1.1 4.99.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hrk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hrk OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hrk RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hrk PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hrk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hrk OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hrk RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hrk PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
<table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HEMH_HUMAN HEMH_HUMAN]] Defects in FECH are the cause of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/177000 177000]]. Porphyrias are inherited defects in the biosynthesis of heme, resulting in the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or porphyrin precursors. They are classified as erythropoietic or hepatic, depending on whether the enzyme deficiency occurs in red blood cells or in the liver. EPP is a form of porphyria marked by excessive protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, plasma, liver and feces, and by widely varying photosensitive skin changes ranging from a burning or pruritic sensation to erythema, edema and wheals.<ref>PMID:1755842</ref> <ref>PMID:1376018</ref> <ref>PMID:7910885</ref> <ref>PMID:8757534</ref> <ref>PMID:9585598</ref> <ref>PMID:9740232</ref> <ref>PMID:10942404</ref> <ref>PMID:11375302</ref> <ref>PMID:12063482</ref> <ref>PMID:12601550</ref> <ref>PMID:15286165</ref> <ref>PMID:17196862</ref>   
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HEMH_HUMAN HEMH_HUMAN]] Defects in FECH are the cause of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/177000 177000]]. Porphyrias are inherited defects in the biosynthesis of heme, resulting in the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or porphyrin precursors. They are classified as erythropoietic or hepatic, depending on whether the enzyme deficiency occurs in red blood cells or in the liver. EPP is a form of porphyria marked by excessive protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, plasma, liver and feces, and by widely varying photosensitive skin changes ranging from a burning or pruritic sensation to erythema, edema and wheals.<ref>PMID:1755842</ref> <ref>PMID:1376018</ref> <ref>PMID:7910885</ref> <ref>PMID:8757534</ref> <ref>PMID:9585598</ref> <ref>PMID:9740232</ref> <ref>PMID:10942404</ref> <ref>PMID:11375302</ref> <ref>PMID:12063482</ref> <ref>PMID:12601550</ref> <ref>PMID:15286165</ref> <ref>PMID:17196862</ref>   
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[[Category: Ferrochelatase]]
[[Category: Ferrochelatase]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Burden, A.]]
[[Category: Burden, A]]
[[Category: Dailey, H A.]]
[[Category: Dailey, H A]]
[[Category: Rose, J P.]]
[[Category: Rose, J P]]
[[Category: Sellers, V M.]]
[[Category: Sellers, V M]]
[[Category: Wang, B C.]]
[[Category: Wang, B C]]
[[Category: Wu, C K.]]
[[Category: Wu, C K]]
[[Category: Fe2s2 cluster]]
[[Category: Fe2s2 cluster]]
[[Category: Ferrochelatase]]
[[Category: Heme biosynthesis]]
[[Category: Heme biosynthesis]]
[[Category: Lyase]]
[[Category: Lyase]]

Revision as of 12:33, 2 January 2015

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN FERROCHELATASECRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN FERROCHELATASE

Structural highlights

1hrk is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:,
Activity:Ferrochelatase, with EC number 4.99.1.1
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum

Disease

[HEMH_HUMAN] Defects in FECH are the cause of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) [MIM:177000]. Porphyrias are inherited defects in the biosynthesis of heme, resulting in the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or porphyrin precursors. They are classified as erythropoietic or hepatic, depending on whether the enzyme deficiency occurs in red blood cells or in the liver. EPP is a form of porphyria marked by excessive protoporphyrin in erythrocytes, plasma, liver and feces, and by widely varying photosensitive skin changes ranging from a burning or pruritic sensation to erythema, edema and wheals.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

Function

[HEMH_HUMAN] Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Human ferrochelatase (E.C. 4.99.1.1) is a homodimeric (86 kDa) mitochondrial membrane-associated enzyme that catalyzes the insertion of ferrous iron into protoporphyrin to form heme. We have determined the 2.0 A structure from the single wavelength iron anomalous scattering signal. The enzyme contains two NO-sensitive and uniquely coordinated [2Fe-2S] clusters. Its membrane association is mediated in part by a 12-residue hydrophobic lip that also forms the entrance to the active site pocket. The positioning of highly conserved residues in the active site in conjunction with previous biochemical studies support a catalytic model that may have significance in explaining the enzymatic defects that lead to the human inherited disease erythropoietic protoporphyria.

The 2.0 A structure of human ferrochelatase, the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis.,Wu CK, Dailey HA, Rose JP, Burden A, Sellers VM, Wang BC Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Feb;8(2):156-60. PMID:11175906[13]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Lamoril J, Boulechfar S, de Verneuil H, Grandchamp B, Nordmann Y, Deybach JC. Human erythropoietic protoporphyria: two point mutations in the ferrochelatase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Dec 16;181(2):594-9. PMID:1755842
  2. ↑ Brenner DA, Didier JM, Frasier F, Christensen SR, Evans GA, Dailey HA. A molecular defect in human protoporphyria. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;50(6):1203-10. PMID:1376018
  3. ↑ Sarkany RP, Alexander GJ, Cox TM. Recessive inheritance of erythropoietic protoporphyria with liver failure. Lancet. 1994 Jun 4;343(8910):1394-6. PMID:7910885
  4. ↑ Imoto S, Tanizawa Y, Sato Y, Kaku K, Oka Y. A novel mutation in the ferrochelatase gene associated with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Br J Haematol. 1996 Jul;94(1):191-7. PMID:8757534
  5. ↑ Rufenacht UB, Gouya L, Schneider-Yin X, Puy H, Schafer BW, Aquaron R, Nordmann Y, Minder EI, Deybach JC. Systematic analysis of molecular defects in the ferrochelatase gene from patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jun;62(6):1341-52. PMID:9585598 doi:S0002-9297(07)62775-X
  6. ↑ Gouya L, Schneider-Yin X, Rufenacht U, Herrero C, Lecha M, Mascaro JM, Puy H, Deybach JC, Minder EI. Mutations in the ferrochelatase gene of four Spanish patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Sep;111(3):406-9. PMID:9740232 doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00327.x
  7. ↑ Schneider-Yin X, Gouya L, Dorsey M, Rufenacht U, Deybach JC, Ferreira GC. Mutations in the iron-sulfur cluster ligands of the human ferrochelatase lead to erythropoietic protoporphyria. Blood. 2000 Aug 15;96(4):1545-9. PMID:10942404
  8. ↑ Rufenacht UB, Gregor A, Gouya L, Tarczynska-Nosal S, Schneider-Yin X, Deybach JC. New missense mutation in the human ferrochelatase gene in a family with erythropoietic protoporphyria: functional studies and correlation of genotype and phenotype. Clin Chem. 2001 Jun;47(6):1112-3. PMID:11375302
  9. ↑ Poh-Fitzpatrick MB, Wang X, Anderson KE, Bloomer JR, Bolwell B, Lichtin AE. Erythropoietic protoporphyria: altered phenotype after bone marrow transplantation for myelogenous leukemia in a patient heteroallelic for ferrochelatase gene mutations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002 Jun;46(6):861-6. PMID:12063482
  10. ↑ Wiman A, Floderus Y, Harper P. Novel mutations and phenotypic effect of the splice site modulator IVS3-48C in nine Swedish families with erythropoietic protoporphyria. J Hum Genet. 2003;48(2):70-6. PMID:12601550 doi:10.1007/s100380300009
  11. ↑ Whatley SD, Mason NG, Khan M, Zamiri M, Badminton MN, Missaoui WN, Dailey TA, Dailey HA, Douglas WS, Wainwright NJ, Elder GH. Autosomal recessive erythropoietic protoporphyria in the United Kingdom: prevalence and relationship to liver disease. J Med Genet. 2004 Aug;41(8):e105. PMID:15286165 doi:10.1136/jmg.2003.016121
  12. ↑ Aurizi C, Schneider-Yin X, Sorge F, Macri A, Minder EI, Biolcati G. Heterogeneity of mutations in the ferrochelatase gene in Italian patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Apr;90(4):402-7. Epub 2006 Dec 29. PMID:17196862 doi:S1096-7192(06)00355-6
  13. ↑ Wu CK, Dailey HA, Rose JP, Burden A, Sellers VM, Wang BC. The 2.0 A structure of human ferrochelatase, the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis. Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Feb;8(2):156-60. PMID:11175906 doi:10.1038/84152

1hrk, resolution 2.00Å

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