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==Structure of the "Clostridium botulinum" neurotoxin serotype A light chain with Zn2+ cofactor bound== | ==Structure of the "Clostridium botulinum" neurotoxin serotype A light chain with Zn2+ cofactor bound== | ||
<StructureSection load='3BON' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''> | <StructureSection load='3BON' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene='60/604485/General_introduction/1'> | ||
The Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin produced by the bacteria ''Clostridium botulinum'' (and some strains of ''Clostridium butyricium'' and ''Clostridium baratii'') is the most lethal toxin known today. Seven serotypically botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been found, each of them is categorized into subtypes depending on their amino acid sequence. The protein is initially synthesized as a single polypeptide chain of ≈150 kDa and is then cleaved by a protease to yield the mature toxin, which consists of a light chain (LC which is 50 kDa) and a heavy chain (HC which is 100 kDa). LC and HC are held together by a long peptide belt, non-covalent interactions and a single inter-chain disulphide bond <ref>PMID: 24975322</ref> | The Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin produced by the bacteria ''Clostridium botulinum'' (and some strains of ''Clostridium butyricium'' and ''Clostridium baratii'') is the most lethal toxin known today. Seven serotypically botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been found, each of them is categorized into subtypes depending on their amino acid sequence. The protein is initially synthesized as a single polypeptide chain of ≈150 kDa and is then cleaved by a protease to yield the mature toxin, which consists of a light chain (LC which is 50 kDa) and a heavy chain (HC which is 100 kDa). LC and HC are held together by a long peptide belt, non-covalent interactions and a single inter-chain disulphide bond <ref>PMID: 24975322</ref> | ||
The "Clostridium botulinum" neurotoxin serotype A light chain (BoNT/A-LC) shown below is composed of 425 residues. It was obtained with high resolution X-ray crystal structure using an inhibitory peptide and the catalytic Zn(II) ion. <ref>PMID: 18457419</ref> | The "Clostridium botulinum" neurotoxin serotype A light chain (BoNT/A-LC) shown below is composed of 425 residues. It was obtained with high resolution X-ray crystal structure using an inhibitory peptide and the catalytic Zn(II) ion. <ref>PMID: 18457419</ref> | ||