4lf3: Difference between revisions
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==Inhibitory Mechanism of an Allosteric Antibody Targeting the Glucagon Receptor== | |||
<StructureSection load='4lf3' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4lf3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.73Å' scene=''> | |||
== Structural highlights == | |||
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4lf3]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4LF3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4LF3 FirstGlance]. <br> | |||
==Function== | </td></tr><tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4ers|4ers]], [[4lex|4lex]]</td></tr> | ||
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Anti GCGR mAb ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=10090 LK3 transgenic mice]), GCGR ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | |||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4lf3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4lf3 OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4lf3 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4lf3 PDBsum]</span></td></tr> | |||
</table> | |||
== Function == | |||
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLR_HUMAN GLR_HUMAN]] This is a receptor for glucagon which plays a central role in regulating the level of blood glucose by controlling the rate of hepatic glucose production and insulin secretion. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLR_HUMAN GLR_HUMAN]] This is a receptor for glucagon which plays a central role in regulating the level of blood glucose by controlling the rate of hepatic glucose production and insulin secretion. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. | ||
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | |||
== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | |||
Elevated glucagon levels and increased hepatic glucagon receptor (GCGR) signaling contribute to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. We have identified a monoclonal antibody that inhibits GCGR, a class-B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), through a unique allosteric mechanism. Binding of this antibody to two distinct sites that lie outside the glucagon binding cleft mediate receptor inhibition. One site consists of a patch of residues that are surface exposed on the face of the extracellular domain (ECD) opposite the ligand-binding cleft while the second binding site consists of residues in the alphaA helix of the ECD. A docking model suggests that the antibody does not occlude the ligand-binding cleft. We solved the crystal structure of GCGR ECD containing a naturally occurring G40S mutation and found a shift in the register of the alphaA helix that prevents antibody binding. We also found that alterations in the alphaA helix impact the normal function of GCGR. We present a model for the allosteric inhibition of GCGR by a monoclonal antibody that may form the basis for the development of allosteric modulators for the treatment of diabetes and other class-B GPCR-related diseases. | |||
Inhibitory mechanism of an allosteric antibody targeting the glucagon receptor.,Mukund S, Shang Y, Clarke HJ, Madjidi A, Corn JE, Kates L, Kolumam G, Chiang V, Luis E, Murray J, Zhang Y, Hotzel I, Koth CM, Allan BB J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 4. PMID:24189067<ref>PMID:24189067</ref> | |||
== | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | ||
</div> | |||
== References == | |||
<references/> | |||
__TOC__ | |||
</StructureSection> | |||
[[Category: Human]] | [[Category: Human]] | ||
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]] | [[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]] | ||
[[Category: Mukund, S | [[Category: Mukund, S]] | ||
[[Category: Murray, J M | [[Category: Murray, J M]] | ||
[[Category: Fab fragment]] | [[Category: Fab fragment]] | ||
[[Category: Gcgr]] | [[Category: Gcgr]] | ||
[[Category: Immune system]] | [[Category: Immune system]] | ||
Revision as of 12:34, 25 December 2014
Inhibitory Mechanism of an Allosteric Antibody Targeting the Glucagon ReceptorInhibitory Mechanism of an Allosteric Antibody Targeting the Glucagon Receptor
Structural highlights
Function[GLR_HUMAN] This is a receptor for glucagon which plays a central role in regulating the level of blood glucose by controlling the rate of hepatic glucose production and insulin secretion. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Publication Abstract from PubMedElevated glucagon levels and increased hepatic glucagon receptor (GCGR) signaling contribute to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. We have identified a monoclonal antibody that inhibits GCGR, a class-B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), through a unique allosteric mechanism. Binding of this antibody to two distinct sites that lie outside the glucagon binding cleft mediate receptor inhibition. One site consists of a patch of residues that are surface exposed on the face of the extracellular domain (ECD) opposite the ligand-binding cleft while the second binding site consists of residues in the alphaA helix of the ECD. A docking model suggests that the antibody does not occlude the ligand-binding cleft. We solved the crystal structure of GCGR ECD containing a naturally occurring G40S mutation and found a shift in the register of the alphaA helix that prevents antibody binding. We also found that alterations in the alphaA helix impact the normal function of GCGR. We present a model for the allosteric inhibition of GCGR by a monoclonal antibody that may form the basis for the development of allosteric modulators for the treatment of diabetes and other class-B GPCR-related diseases. Inhibitory mechanism of an allosteric antibody targeting the glucagon receptor.,Mukund S, Shang Y, Clarke HJ, Madjidi A, Corn JE, Kates L, Kolumam G, Chiang V, Luis E, Murray J, Zhang Y, Hotzel I, Koth CM, Allan BB J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 4. PMID:24189067[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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