Sandbox Reserved 919: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
'''Monoglyceride Lipase''' ('''MGL''', '''MAGL''', '''MGLL''') is a 33 kDa [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein protein] <ref name="labar"> PMID:19957260 </ref> found mostly in the cell membrane. It is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine_hydrolase serine hydrolase] enzyme that exhibits an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha/beta_hydrolase_fold α/β hydrolase fold]. MGL plays a key role in the hydrolysis of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Arachidonoylglycerol 2-arachidonoylglycerol] (2-AG), an endocannabinoid produced by the the central nervous system. The α/β fold, along with a characteristic [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphiphile amphipathic] occluded tunnel, allows 2-AG to selectively bind to the active site and be degraded into [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonic_acid arachidonic acid] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol glycerol]. Upon breakdown, glycerol leaves via a distinctive "exit tunnel" found perpendicular to the active site. 2-AG has been found to possess anti-nociceptive, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and tumor-reductive character when it binds to cannabinoid receptors. <ref name="labar" /> <ref name="bert"> PMID:19962385 </ref> Due to the vast medical and therapeutic utility of 2-AG, the inhibition of MGL is a high interest target in pharmaceutical research. Furthermore, MGL has been cited as having both negative and positive effector roles in cancer pathology. <ref name="nomura"> PMID:21802006 </ref> <ref name="hong"> PMID:22349814 </ref> | '''Monoglyceride Lipase''' ('''MGL''', '''MAGL''', '''MGLL''') is a 33 kDa [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein protein] <ref name="labar"> PMID:19957260 </ref> found mostly in the cell membrane. It is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine_hydrolase serine hydrolase] enzyme that exhibits an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha/beta_hydrolase_fold α/β hydrolase fold]. MGL plays a key role in the hydrolysis of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Arachidonoylglycerol 2-arachidonoylglycerol] (2-AG), an endocannabinoid produced by the the central nervous system. The α/β fold, along with a characteristic [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphiphile amphipathic] occluded tunnel, allows 2-AG to selectively bind to the active site and be degraded into [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonic_acid arachidonic acid] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol glycerol]. Upon breakdown, glycerol leaves via a distinctive "exit tunnel" found perpendicular to the active site. 2-AG has been found to possess anti-nociceptive, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and tumor-reductive character when it binds to cannabinoid receptors. <ref name="labar" /> <ref name="bert"> PMID:19962385 </ref> Due to the vast medical and therapeutic utility of 2-AG, the inhibition of MGL is a high interest target in pharmaceutical research. Furthermore, MGL has been cited as having both negative and positive effector roles in cancer pathology, making research into its mechanism a priority. <ref name="nomura"> PMID:21802006 </ref> <ref name="hong"> PMID:22349814 </ref> | ||
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