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[[Image:Pertussis_toxin_complex.png|thumb|left|350px|Cartoon representation of the molecular structure of pertussis toxin. ]] | [[Image:Pertussis_toxin_complex.png|thumb|left|350px|Cartoon representation of the molecular structure of pertussis toxin. ]] | ||
'''Pertussis Toxin (PTX)''' is a toxin produced and secreted by the bacteria ''Bordetella pertussis'', also known as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whooping_cough whooping cough] agent. | '''Pertussis Toxin (PTX)''' is a toxin produced and secreted by the bacteria ''Bordetella pertussis'', also known as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whooping_cough whooping cough] agent. | ||
It is a complex soluble bacterial [[:wiktionary:holotoxin|Holotoxin]], composed of 5 subuntits (named S1 to S5 according to their decreasing molecular weights), arranged in an A-B structure. The A part contains the enzymatically active S1 subunit, which catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of α subunit of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_protein trimeric G proteins], thereby disturbing major metabolic functions of the target cells, leading to a variety of biological activities. | It is a complex soluble bacterial [[:wiktionary:holotoxin|Holotoxin]], composed of 5 subuntits (named S1 to S5 according to their decreasing molecular weights), arranged in an A-B structure. The A part contains the enzymatically active <scene name='56/568016/Ptx_s1/1'>S1</scene> subunit, which catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of α subunit of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_protein trimeric G proteins], thereby disturbing major metabolic functions of the target cells, leading to a variety of biological activities. | ||
The B oligomer is composed by 1S2: | The B oligomer is composed by <scene name='56/568016/Ptx_s2/1'>1S2</scene>:<scene name=>'56/568016/Ptx_s3/2'</scene>:<scene name='56/568016/Ptx_s4/1'>2S4</scene>:<scene name='56/568016/Ptx_s5/1'>1S5</scene> and is responsible for binding of the toxin to target cell receptors and for intracellular traficking. | ||
This toxin is a major virulence factor of ''B. pertussis'' and is a component of vaccines against [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whooping_cough whooping cough]. | This toxin is a major virulence factor of ''B. pertussis'' and is a component of vaccines against [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whooping_cough whooping cough]. | ||