Toll-like Receptors: Difference between revisions
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==3D Structures of Toll-like Receptors== | ==3D Structures of Toll-like Receptors== | ||
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | |||
===TLR1=== | ===TLR1=== | ||
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===TLR4=== | ===TLR4=== | ||
[[2z62]], [[2z63]], [[2z66]] – hTLR4/VLRB.61<br /> | [[2z62]], [[2z63]], [[2z66]], [[3ul9]] – hTLR4/VLRB.61<br /> | ||
[[3ul8]], [[3ul7]] – hTLR4/VLRB.61 (mutant)<br /> | |||
[[2z64]], [[2z65]] – mTLR4 extracellular domain+ lymphocyte antigen 96<br /> | [[2z64]], [[2z65]] – mTLR4 extracellular domain+ lymphocyte antigen 96<br /> | ||
[[3fxi]] - hTLR4 extracellular domain + lymphocyte antigen 96 | [[3fxi]], [[4g8a]] - hTLR4 extracellular domain + lymphocyte antigen 96<br /> | ||
[[3ula]] - hTLR4/VLRB.61 + lymphocyte antigen 96<br /> | |||
'''TLR8''' | |||
[[3w3g]] – hTLR8 <br /> | |||
[[3w3j]], [[3w3k]], [[3w3l]], [[3w3m]], 3w3n]] – hTLR8 + agonist<br /> | |||
===TLR10=== | ===TLR10=== | ||
Revision as of 10:41, 12 August 2013
Toll-like receptors, often abbreviated TLRs, are found on the surface of phagocytic cells of vertebrates and invertebrates and are critical to the innate immune system. The Toll-like receptors recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens, such as double-stranded RNA, lipopolysaccharide, or CpG DNA, and initiate an intracellular kinase cascade, inducing an immediate defensive response.[1][2] The receptors are multi-domain structures consisting of an extracellular ectodomain, a transmembrane domain and a intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor domain. The extracellular domains contain leucine-rich repeats.
Articles in Proteopedia concerning Toll-like Receptors include:
To view automatically seeded indices concerning Toll-like Receptors, see:
3D Structures of Toll-like Receptors3D Structures of Toll-like Receptors
Updated on 12-August-2013
TLR1TLR1
1fyv – hTLR1 TIR domain – human
2z7x, 2z81, 2z82 – hTLR1/VLRB.61 + hTLR2/VLRB.61 + lipopeptide
TLR2TLR2
1fyw – hTLR2 TIR domain
1fyx, 1o77 - hTLR2 TIR domain (mutant)
2z80 – hTLR2/VLRB.61
3a7b - mTLR2/VLRB.61 – mouse
3a7c - mTLR2/VLRB.61 + PE-DTPA
3a79 – hTLR2/VLRB.61 + hTLR6/VLRB.61 + lipopeptide
TLR3TLR3
1ziw, 2a0z – hTLR3 ligand-binding domain
3cig – mTLR3 ectodomain
3ciy - mTLR3 ectodomain + RNA
TLR4TLR4
2z62, 2z63, 2z66, 3ul9 – hTLR4/VLRB.61
3ul8, 3ul7 – hTLR4/VLRB.61 (mutant)
2z64, 2z65 – mTLR4 extracellular domain+ lymphocyte antigen 96
3fxi, 4g8a - hTLR4 extracellular domain + lymphocyte antigen 96
3ula - hTLR4/VLRB.61 + lymphocyte antigen 96
TLR8
3w3g – hTLR8
3w3j, 3w3k, 3w3l, 3w3m, 3w3n]] – hTLR8 + agonist
TLR10TLR10
2j67 – hTLR10 TIR domain
References and NotesReferences and Notes
- ↑ Gong J, Wei T, Zhang N, Jamitzky F, Heckl WM, Rossle SC, Stark RW. TollML: a database of toll-like receptor structural motifs. J Mol Model. 2010 Jul;16(7):1283-9. Epub 2010 Jan 19. PMID:20084417 doi:10.1007/s00894-009-0640-9
- ↑ Arancibia SA, Beltran CJ, Aguirre IM, Silva P, Peralta AL, Malinarich F, Hermoso MA. Toll-like receptors are key participants in innate immune responses. Biol Res. 2007;40(2):97-112. Epub 2007 Nov 21. PMID:18064347 doi:/S0716-97602007000200001
See AlsoSee Also
Additional LiteratureAdditional Literature
[xtra 1][xtra 2][xtra 3][xtra 4][xtra 5][xtra 6][xtra 7][xtra 8][xtra 9][xtra 10][xtra 11][xtra 12]
- ↑ Liu L, Botos I, Wang Y, Leonard JN, Shiloach J, Segal DM, Davies DR. Structural basis of toll-like receptor 3 signaling with double-stranded RNA. Science. 2008 Apr 18;320(5874):379-81. PMID:18420935 doi:320/5874/379
- ↑ Bell JK, Askins J, Hall PR, Davies DR, Segal DM. The dsRNA binding site of human Toll-like receptor 3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 6;103(23):8792-7. Epub 2006 May 23. PMID:16720699 doi:10.1073/pnas.0603245103
- ↑ Nyman T, Stenmark P, Flodin S, Johansson I, Hammarstrom M, Nordlund P. The crystal structure of the human toll-like receptor 10 cytoplasmic domain reveals a putative signaling dimer. J Biol Chem. 2008 May 2;283(18):11861-5. Epub 2008 Mar 10. PMID:18332149 doi:10.1074/jbc.C800001200
- ↑ Chan SL, Low LY, Hsu S, Li S, Liu T, Santelli E, Le Negrate G, Reed JC, Woods VL Jr, Pascual J. Molecular mimicry in innate immunity: crystal structure of a bacterial TIR domain. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 7;284(32):21386-92. Epub 2009 Jun 17. PMID:19535337 doi:10.1074/jbc.C109.007591
- ↑ Botos I, Liu L, Wang Y, Segal DM, Davies DR. The toll-like receptor 3:dsRNA signaling complex. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Sep-Oct;1789(9-10):667-74. Epub 2009 Jul 9. PMID:19595807 doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.06.005
- ↑ Istomin AY, Godzik A. Understanding diversity of human innate immunity receptors: analysis of surface features of leucine-rich repeat domains in NLRs and TLRs. BMC Immunol. 2009 Sep 3;10:48. PMID:19728889 doi:10.1186/1471-2172-10-48
- ↑ Satake H, Sasaki N. Comparative overview of toll-like receptors in lower animals. Zoolog Sci. 2010 Feb;27(2):154-61. PMID:20141420 doi:10.2108/zsj.27.154
- ↑ Matsushima N, Tanaka T, Enkhbayar P, Mikami T, Taga M, Yamada K, Kuroki Y. Comparative sequence analysis of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) within vertebrate toll-like receptors. BMC Genomics. 2007 May 21;8:124. PMID:17517123 doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-124
- ↑ Carpenter S, O'Neill LA. Recent insights into the structure of Toll-like receptors and post-translational modifications of their associated signalling proteins. Biochem J. 2009 Jul 29;422(1):1-10. PMID:19627256 doi:10.1042/BJ20090616
- ↑ Choe J, Kelker MS, Wilson IA. Crystal structure of human toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ectodomain. Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):581-5. Epub 2005 Jun 16. PMID:15961631
- ↑ Gong J, Wei T, Zhang N, Jamitzky F, Heckl WM, Rossle SC, Stark RW. TollML: a database of toll-like receptor structural motifs. J Mol Model. 2010 Jul;16(7):1283-9. Epub 2010 Jan 19. PMID:20084417 doi:10.1007/s00894-009-0640-9
- ↑ Jin MS, Lee JO. Structures of the toll-like receptor family and its ligand complexes. Immunity. 2008 Aug 15;29(2):182-91. PMID:18701082 doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.07.007
External ResourcesExternal Resources
- TOLLML Database: database of toll-like receptor structural motifs
- Toll-like Receptors: November 2011 Molecule of the Month as part of the series of tutorials that are at the RCSB Protein Data Bank and written by David Goodsell