Sandbox Reserved 595: Difference between revisions

Apolipoprotein E is a member of the apolipoprotein family (NMR structure [[217b]]).  It was discovered in the early 1970’s as a component of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein complexes.  This soluble protein is produced primarily in the liver and brain; and it is located principally in the plasma and in the central nervous system (CNS)'<ref>Han X.  2010.  The pathogenic implication of abnormal interaction between apolipoprotein E isoforms, amyloid-beta peptides, and sulfatides in Alzheimer's disease.  Mol Neurobiol 41(2-3): 97-106.</ref>'.  The systemic transport of cholesterol and other lipids is this protein's main role in the body '<ref name="OMIM">OMIM.Omim.org/entry/107741.</ref>'.  One minor function it exhibits is that of immune regulation '<ref name="OMIM" /ref>'.  ApoE also plays a role in synaptic integrity and plasticity '<ref>Arold, S. et al.  2012.  Apolipoprotein E level and cholesterol are associated with reduced synaptic amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease and apoE TR mouse cortex.  Acta Neuropathol 123(1):39-52.</ref>'. Particular isoforms, ε2 and ε4 are implicated in hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III) and late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD).