G09SecL04Tpc2: Difference between revisions
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===Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier to the CNS=== | ===Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier to the CNS=== | ||
After surviving the initial response from the immune system, the Borrelia makes its way to the central nervous system and crosses into the blood brain barrier. The fact that Borrelia enters the cerebrospinal fluid is well documented through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction PCR] and culture methods, but its exact passing into the blood brain barrier is still at speculation. The two main theories involve transcellular passage and the penetration of the spirochetes between the endothelial cells or intercellular passage. The theory of paracellular passage also exists suggesting a combination of the two.<ref name=art7>PMID:15664945</ref> The brain microvascular endothelial cells, or BMECs, limit the transport of solutes into the brain and protects it from being invaded by pathogens. BMECs are connected by a web of tight intercellular junctions. Borrelia has been shown to bind to human BMEC at cell borders or near the tips supporting a paracellular transmigration theory. Activation cascades across the BMEC may result in the degradation of the tight cellular junctions at specific focal points resulting in a Borrelia invasion.<ref name=art7>PMID:15664945</ref> | After surviving the initial response from the immune system, the Borrelia makes its way to the central nervous system and crosses into the blood brain barrier. The fact that Borrelia enters the cerebrospinal fluid is well documented through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction PCR] and culture methods, but its exact passing into the blood brain barrier is still at speculation. The two main theories involve transcellular passage and the penetration of the spirochetes between the endothelial cells or intercellular passage. The theory of paracellular passage also exists suggesting a combination of the two.<ref name=art7>PMID:15664945</ref> The brain microvascular endothelial cells, or BMECs, limit the transport of solutes into the brain and protects it from being invaded by pathogens. BMECs are connected by a web of tight intercellular junctions. Borrelia has been shown to bind to human BMEC at cell borders or near the tips supporting a paracellular transmigration theory. Activation cascades across the BMEC may result in the degradation of the tight cellular junctions at specific focal points resulting in a Borrelia invasion.<ref name=art7>PMID:15664945</ref> | ||
==Vaccinations== | ==Vaccinations== | ||