Thrombin: Difference between revisions

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Cody Couperus, Joel L. Sussman

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 {{STRUCTURE_1uma|  PDB=1uma  | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Human thrombin heavy (pink) and light (green) chains complex with hirudin peptide (pale yellow) and inhibitor, [[1uma]] }}
-'''Thrombin''' (Thr) is a serine protease.  Prothrombin (PThr) is cleaved to form Thr in the coagulation cascade.  Thr catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to the insoluble fibrin.  Thr is comnposed of heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC).  Prethrombin-1 lacks 155 N-terminal residues of PThr and is composed of a single polypeptide chain.  Prethrombin-2 is the product of proteolysis of prethrombin-1 by trypsin or by active factor X.  P-PACK Thr is a chemicaly modified Thr with inactivated catalytic site and active anion binding site.  Hirudin is the most potent natural inhibitor of Thr.   For some more details see [[Serine Protease]] and [[Serine Proteases]].
+'''Thrombin''' (Thr) is a serine protease.  Prothrombin (PThr) is cleaved to form Thr in the coagulation cascade.  Thr catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to the insoluble fibrin.  Thr is comnposed of heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC).  Prethrombin-1 lacks 155 N-terminal residues of PThr and is composed of a single polypeptide chain.  Prethrombin-2 is the product of proteolysis of prethrombin-1 by trypsin or by active factor X.  P-PACK Thr is a chemicaly modified Thr with inactivated catalytic site and active anion binding site.  Hirudin is the most potent natural inhibitor of Thr.   For some more details see [[Serine Protease]] and [[Serine Proteases]]. Prothrombin cleavage results in the creation of thrombin, a coagulative agent in plasma and is connected to fibrinolysis and platelet activation. During this process several peptides involved in the conversion are released into the plasma, and the remaining protein splits into two portions(http://www.uniprot.org/citations/3759958). It has been shown that prothrombin has a statistically significant connection to the occurrence of ischemic stroke with the presence of the G20210A mutation, though the cause was not isolated to prothrombin alone (http://www.uniprot.org/citations/15534175) (these links added by Connor Gramazio).
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