Sandbox Reserved 467

This Sandbox is Reserved from 13/03/2012, through 01/06/2012 for use in the course "Proteins and Molecular Mechanisms" taught by Robert B. Rose at the North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA. This reservation includes Sandbox Reserved 451 through Sandbox Reserved 500.

To get started: Click the edit this page tab at the top. Save the page after each step, then edit it again. Click the 3D button (when editing, above the wikitext box) to insert Jmol. show the Scene authoring tools, create a molecular scene, and save it. Copy the green link into the page. Add a description of your scene. Use the buttons above the wikitext box for bold, italics, links, headlines, etc. More help: Help:Editing For more help, look at this link: http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Help:Getting_Started_in_Proteopedia Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) is a protein kinase family involved in regulation of the cell cycle. These Cdks are relatively small protein enzymes are responsible for mitosis, specifically transcriptional activity. They help activate DNA repair by being inhibited through phosphorylation during DNA damage response (DDR). They are also generally inactive during checkpoints along the cell cycle (Cerqueira et al., 2009). More than one Cdk can be in charge of different phases of the cell cycle. Often times, DDR is controlled by overall level of Cdk activity, and not by individual Cdks. CDKs are activated through physical association with cyclin, a family of proteins, in which their abundance and proteolysis pattern within the cell vary according to the stage of cell cycle. Major transitions in the cell cycle are caused by activation of CDKs 1-4, which causes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of key residues. Cells enter mitosis as protein-bound phosphates increase (Hames et al., 1998). In mammalian cells, it had been suggested that CDK-3, along with CDK-2, are required for G1/S stage (Hutchison p.111). Compared to CDK-1, 2, and 4, the role of CDK-3 is still unclear, as no cyclin partner had been found for it. However, it had been shown that it delays cells in the G1 phase (Hutchison, p.149). Cdk’s are found in Eukaryotes, including human and yeast cells. Each organism has a different number of Cdks. In yeast, there is less, and more in humans. It is easier to study which Cdk is responsible for which part of the cell cycle in yeast than in humans, because of the level of complexity of Cdk and other cell activities in Homo Sapiens (Cerqueira et al., 2009). However, the function of Cdk is similar in all organisms in that it is part of the cell cycle regulation. For this reason, Cdk is often studied as targets for cancer treatment. spinqualitylabelsall models Insert caption here Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image