Anthrax Lethal Factor: Difference between revisions

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Peter Aziz, Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

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	EF is a calmodulin and calcium dependent adenylate cyclase which ~~causes~~ the ~~edema associated with the disease~~. <ref name=Collier>PMID: 14570563</ref> <ref name=Pannifer AD, Wong TY, Schwarzenbacher R, Renatus M, Petosa C, Bienkowska J, Lacy DB, Collier RJ, Park S, Leppla SH, Hanna P, Liddington RC>PMID: 11700563</ref>		EF is a calmodulin and calcium dependent adenylate cyclase that increases cAMP to extraordinary levels in susceptible cells. Changes in intracellular cAMP affect membrane permeability and may account for edema. In macrophages and neutrophils an additional effect is the depletion of ATP reserves which are needed for the engulfment process. <ref name=Collier>PMID: 14570563</ref> <ref name=Pannifer AD, Wong TY, Schwarzenbacher R, Renatus M, Petosa C, Bienkowska J, Lacy DB, Collier RJ, Park S, Leppla SH, Hanna P, Liddington RC>PMID: 11700563</ref> <ref>Kenneth Todar, PhD. (2008). http://textbookofbacteriology.net/Anthrax_3.html</ref>

	LF is a Zinc dependent protease that cleaves certain MAP kinase kinases (MAPKK)leading to the disruption of many cellular signalling pathways, which eventually leads to cell death. <ref name=Collier>PMID: 14570563</ref> <ref name=Pannifer AD, Wong TY, Schwarzenbacher R, Renatus M, Petosa C, Bienkowska J, Lacy DB, Collier RJ, Park S, Leppla SH, Hanna P, Liddington RC>PMID: 11700563</ref>		LF is a Zinc dependent protease that cleaves certain MAP kinase kinases (MAPKK)leading to the disruption of many cellular signalling pathways, which eventually leads to cell death. <ref name=Collier>PMID: 14570563</ref> <ref name=Pannifer AD, Wong TY, Schwarzenbacher R, Renatus M, Petosa C, Bienkowska J, Lacy DB, Collier RJ, Park S, Leppla SH, Hanna P, Liddington RC>PMID: 11700563</ref>