Toll-like Receptors: Difference between revisions

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Wayne Decatur, David Canner, Michal Harel, Joel L. Sussman, Alexander Berchansky

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-Toll-like receptors, often abbreviated TLRs, are critical to the innate immune system. Toll-like receptors of vertebrates and invertebrates recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens and initiate an intracellular kinase cascade, inducing an immediate defensive response.<ref>PMID: 20084417</ref><ref>PMID: 18064347</ref>
+Toll-like receptors, often abbreviated TLRs, are found on the surface of phagocytic cells of vertebrates and invertebrates and are critical to the innate immune system. The Toll-like receptors recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens, such as double-stranded RNA, lipopolysaccharide, or CpG DNA, and initiate an intracellular kinase cascade, inducing an immediate defensive response.<ref>PMID: 20084417</ref><ref>PMID: 18064347</ref> The receptors are multi-domain structures consisting of an extracellular ectodomain, a transmembrane domain (TD) and a intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor domain. The extracellular domains contain [[leucine-rich repeats]].
 {{STRUCTURE_3ciy|  PDB=3ciy  |  SCENE=Toll-like_Receptors/3ciynice/1  }}
-[[Image:3ciyPV3D.png|left|thumb|360px|<span style="font-size:1.2em;">Extracellular domain of mouse Toll-like receptor bound to dsRNA which is a molecular signature of many viruses, from [[3ciy]].</span>]]
+[[Image:3ciyPV3D.png|left|thumb|360px|<span style="font-size:1.2em;">Extracellular domain of mouse Toll-like receptor bound to double-stranded RNA which is a molecular signature of many viruses, from [[3ciy]].</span>]]
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