Methionine synthase: Difference between revisions

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Kia Yang, Karsten Theis, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Anna Postnikova, Michal Harel

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-Methionine is an essential amino acid required in order for our bodies to have healthy cell and tissue growth. Unfortunately, it is not naturally derived and dependent on our diets. Methionine synthase methylates homocysteine, another amino acid obtained typically by any meat we consume, to methionine<ref>DOI: 10.1038/nature10916</ref>.
+Methionine is an amino acid our bodies require to ensure normal healthy tissue growth and repair. It is not made naturally in the body and can only be obtained from our diets first in the form of homocysteine. A lack of or deficiencies of methionine has been linked to diseases such as poor growth and birth abnormalities<ref>DOI: 10.1038/nature10916</ref>. Homocysteine, another amino acid most commonly found int he liver, is converted to methionine.
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-The change from homocysteine to methionine is one methyl group on N-5 donated from methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF), a product of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), with a protein-bound B-12 vitamin Cobalamin as the methyl carrier.
+The change from homocysteine to methionine is an SN2 reaction where one methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF), located on N-5, is donated. MTHF is a product of MTHFR.
+This is a complex reaction as the product, tetrahydrofolate, is a poor leaving group, thus requiring a "supernucleophile" with a protein-bound B-12 vitamin Cobalamin as the methyl carrier.
 == Vitamin B-12 ==
 == Oxidation States of Cobalamin ==