Histone acetyltransferase 1-2 Complex (HAT1/2): Difference between revisions

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Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Mark Macbeth, Valentine J Klimkowski, Michal Harel, Angel Herraez

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 <StructureSection load='4PSW' size='350' frame='true' side='right' caption='HAT1-HAT2 Complex pdb: [[4psw]]' scene='83/834210/Overview/2'>
 =Histones=
-[https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Nucleosome Histones] are proteins found in the cell nucleus that are the key building blocks of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin chromatin], and are essential for proper DNA packaging and regulation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology) transcription]. In the first step of [https://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/how-dna-packaged DNA packaging], two copies of the four core histone proteins ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H1 H1], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H2A H2A], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H3 H3], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H4 H4]) form an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_octamer octamer] that DNA wraps around, forming the [https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Nucleosome_structure nucleosome]. 20-24% of residues making up the histone octamer are arginine and lysine, causing a net positive charge, especially at the outer surfaces of the histone core where negatively charged DNA is bound (Figure 1). <ref> Watson, J D, et al. Molecular Biology of the Gene (Seventh Edition). (2014) Boston, MA: Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. </ref><ref name="Watanabe"> PMID: 20100606 </ref> The positively charged residues of the histone core tails are often subject to chemical modifications that can regulate the processes of DNA repair, replication, transcription, and heterochromatin maintenance.
+[[Image:Histone_NEWEST_w_DNA.png|250 px|right|thumb|Figure 1. The nucleosome structure consisting of the histone octamer and DNA. Arginine residues are shown in yellow, lysine residues are shown in red. PDB: 3kwq]][https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Nucleosome Histones] are proteins found in the cell nucleus that are the key building blocks of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin chromatin], and are essential for proper DNA packaging and regulation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology) transcription]. In the first step of [https://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/how-dna-packaged DNA packaging], two copies of the four core histone proteins ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H1 H1], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H2A H2A], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H3 H3], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H4 H4]) form an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_octamer octamer] that DNA wraps around, forming the [https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Nucleosome_structure nucleosome]. 20-24% of residues making up the histone octamer are arginine and lysine, causing a net positive charge, especially at the outer surfaces of the histone core where negatively charged DNA is bound (Figure 1). <ref> Watson, J D, et al. Molecular Biology of the Gene (Seventh Edition). (2014) Boston, MA: Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. </ref><ref name="Watanabe"> PMID: 20100606 </ref> The positively charged residues of the histone core tails are often subject to chemical modifications that can regulate the processes of DNA repair, replication, transcription, and heterochromatin maintenance.
-[[Image:Histone_NEWEST_w_DNA.png|250 px|right|thumb|Figure 1. The nucleosome structure consisting of the histone octamer and DNA. Arginine residues are shown in yellow, lysine residues are shown in red. PDB: 3kwq]]
 =Histone Modification=