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==Crystal structure of mouse Autotaxin in complex with compound 1a==
==Crystal structure of mouse Autotaxin in complex with compound 1a==
<StructureSection load='6y5m' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6y5m]]' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='6y5m' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6y5m]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.01&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6Y5M OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6Y5M FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6y5m]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6Y5M OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6Y5M FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6y5m FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6y5m OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6y5m PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6y5m RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6y5m PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6y5m ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=O9W:(~{E})-3-[4-chloranyl-2-[(5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl]phenyl]-1-[(2~{R})-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-methyl-piperazin-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one'>O9W</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Enpp2, Npps2, Pdnp2 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=10090 LK3 transgenic mice])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine_phosphodiesterase Alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.1.4.39 3.1.4.39] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6y5m FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6y5m OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6y5m PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6y5m RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6y5m PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6y5m ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENPP2_MOUSE ENPP2_MOUSE]] Note=May contribute to obesity.
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENPP2_MOUSE ENPP2_MOUSE]] Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine. Also can act on sphingosylphosphphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtubule formation. Stimulates migration of melanoma cells, probably via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. May have a role in induction of parturition. Possible involvement in cell proliferation and adipose tissue development. Tumor cell motility-stimulating factor.<ref>PMID:15700135</ref> <ref>PMID:17208043</ref> <ref>PMID:21240269</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A series of inhibitors of Autotaxin (ATX) have been developed from a high throughput screening hit, 1a, which shows an alternative binding mode to known catalytic site inhibitors. Selectivity over the hERG channel and microsomal clearance were dependent on the lipophilicity of the compounds, and this was optimised by reduction of clogD whilst maintaining high affinity ATX inhibition. Compound 15a shows good oral exposure, and concentration dependent inhibition of formation of LPA in vivo, as shown in pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) experiments.
Development of autotaxin inhibitors: A series of tetrazole cinnamides.,Thomson CG, Le Grand D, Dowling M, Beattie D, Elphick L, Faller M, Freeman M, Hardaker E, Head V, Hemmig R, Hill J, Lister A, Pascoe D, Rieffel S, Shrestha B, Steward O, Zink F Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2020 Nov 4:127663. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127663. PMID:33160025<ref>PMID:33160025</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6y5m" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Faller M]]
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]]
[[Category: Zink F]]
[[Category: Faller, M]]
[[Category: Zink, F]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Zinc binding hydrolase activity inhibitor]]

Revision as of 13:58, 24 December 2020

Crystal structure of mouse Autotaxin in complex with compound 1aCrystal structure of mouse Autotaxin in complex with compound 1a

Structural highlights

6y5m is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Lk3 transgenic mice. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:, , , , , , ,
Gene:Enpp2, Npps2, Pdnp2 (LK3 transgenic mice)
Activity:Alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase, with EC number 3.1.4.39
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

[ENPP2_MOUSE] Note=May contribute to obesity.

Function

[ENPP2_MOUSE] Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine. Also can act on sphingosylphosphphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtubule formation. Stimulates migration of melanoma cells, probably via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. May have a role in induction of parturition. Possible involvement in cell proliferation and adipose tissue development. Tumor cell motility-stimulating factor.[1] [2] [3]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

A series of inhibitors of Autotaxin (ATX) have been developed from a high throughput screening hit, 1a, which shows an alternative binding mode to known catalytic site inhibitors. Selectivity over the hERG channel and microsomal clearance were dependent on the lipophilicity of the compounds, and this was optimised by reduction of clogD whilst maintaining high affinity ATX inhibition. Compound 15a shows good oral exposure, and concentration dependent inhibition of formation of LPA in vivo, as shown in pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) experiments.

Development of autotaxin inhibitors: A series of tetrazole cinnamides.,Thomson CG, Le Grand D, Dowling M, Beattie D, Elphick L, Faller M, Freeman M, Hardaker E, Head V, Hemmig R, Hill J, Lister A, Pascoe D, Rieffel S, Shrestha B, Steward O, Zink F Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2020 Nov 4:127663. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127663. PMID:33160025[4]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

  1. ↑ Boucher J, Quilliot D, Praderes JP, Simon MF, Gres S, Guigne C, Prevot D, Ferry G, Boutin JA, Carpene C, Valet P, Saulnier-Blache JS. Potential involvement of adipocyte insulin resistance in obesity-associated up-regulation of adipocyte lysophospholipase D/autotaxin expression. Diabetologia. 2005 Mar;48(3):569-77. Epub 2005 Feb 8. PMID:15700135 doi:10.1007/s00125-004-1660-8
  2. ↑ Pradere JP, Tarnus E, Gres S, Valet P, Saulnier-Blache JS. Secretion and lysophospholipase D activity of autotaxin by adipocytes are controlled by N-glycosylation and signal peptidase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Jan;1771(1):93-102. Epub 2006 Dec 6. PMID:17208043 doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.11.010
  3. ↑ Nishimasu H, Okudaira S, Hama K, Mihara E, Dohmae N, Inoue A, Ishitani R, Takagi J, Aoki J, Nureki O. Crystal structure of autotaxin and insight into GPCR activation by lipid mediators. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Feb;18(2):205-12. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1998. Epub 2011 Jan, 16. PMID:21240269 doi:10.1038/nsmb.1998
  4. ↑ Thomson CG, Le Grand D, Dowling M, Beattie D, Elphick L, Faller M, Freeman M, Hardaker E, Head V, Hemmig R, Hill J, Lister A, Pascoe D, Rieffel S, Shrestha B, Steward O, Zink F. Development of autotaxin inhibitors: A series of tetrazole cinnamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2020 Nov 4:127663. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127663. PMID:33160025 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127663

6y5m, resolution 2.01Å

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