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<StructureSection load='6ccv' size='340' side='right' caption='[[6ccv]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.05Å' scene=''> | <StructureSection load='6ccv' size='340' side='right' caption='[[6ccv]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.05Å' scene=''> | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ccv]] is a 11 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ccv]] is a 11 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycs2 Mycs2]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6CCV OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6CCV FirstGlance]. <br> | ||
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RFP:RIFAMPICIN'>RFP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RFP:RIFAMPICIN'>RFP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | ||
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=UNK:UNKNOWN'>UNK</scene></td></tr> | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=UNK:UNKNOWN'>UNK</scene></td></tr> | ||
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">sigA, MSMEG_2758 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=246196 MYCS2]), rbpA, MSMEG_3858, MSMEI_3768 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=246196 MYCS2])</td></tr> | |||
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_RNA_polymerase DNA-directed RNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.6 2.7.7.6] </span></td></tr> | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_RNA_polymerase DNA-directed RNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.6 2.7.7.6] </span></td></tr> | ||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ccv FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ccv OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6ccv PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ccv RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ccv PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ccv ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ccv FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ccv OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6ccv PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ccv RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ccv PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ccv ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | ||
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOC_MYCS2 RPOC_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01322]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RBPA_MYCS2 RBPA_MYCS2]] Binds to RNA polymerase (RNAP), probably stimulating transcriptions from principal, but not alternative sigma factor promoters (By similarity). Partially restores transcription in the presence of rifampicin (Rif) in vitro; overexpression leads to an increase in the Rif tolerance in vivo, with smaller colonies. Seems to act by removing Rif from its binding site and preventing its further binding. No longer stimulates transcription in Rif-resistant RNA polymerase (with mutations in rpoB).<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> <ref>PMID:21415119</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOB_MYCS2 RPOB_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. This subunit often mutates to generate rifampicin (Rif) resistance. Interaction with RbpA partially restores Rif-inhibited transcription; once the subunit is Rif-resistant however RbpA no longer stimulates transcription.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01321]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOA_MYCS2 RPOA_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00059]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOZ_MYCS2 RPOZ_MYCS2]] Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00366]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0QW02_MYCS2 A0QW02_MYCS2]] Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the primary sigma factor during exponential growth.[SAAS:SAAS00535554] | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOC_MYCS2 RPOC_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01322]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RBPA_MYCS2 RBPA_MYCS2]] Binds to RNA polymerase (RNAP), probably stimulating transcriptions from principal, but not alternative sigma factor promoters (By similarity). Partially restores transcription in the presence of rifampicin (Rif) in vitro; overexpression leads to an increase in the Rif tolerance in vivo, with smaller colonies. Seems to act by removing Rif from its binding site and preventing its further binding. No longer stimulates transcription in Rif-resistant RNA polymerase (with mutations in rpoB).<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> <ref>PMID:21415119</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOB_MYCS2 RPOB_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. This subunit often mutates to generate rifampicin (Rif) resistance. Interaction with RbpA partially restores Rif-inhibited transcription; once the subunit is Rif-resistant however RbpA no longer stimulates transcription.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01321]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOA_MYCS2 RPOA_MYCS2]] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00059]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RPOZ_MYCS2 RPOZ_MYCS2]] Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00366]<ref>PMID:19926651</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0QW02_MYCS2 A0QW02_MYCS2]] Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the primary sigma factor during exponential growth.[SAAS:SAAS00535554] | ||
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | |||
== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | |||
Rifamycin antibiotics (Rifs) target bacterial RNA polymerases (RNAPs) and are widely used to treat infections including tuberculosis. The utility of these compounds is threatened by the increasing incidence of resistance (Rif(R)). As resistance mechanisms found in clinical settings may also occur in natural environments, here we postulated that bacteria could have evolved to produce rifamycin congeners active against clinically relevant resistance phenotypes. We survey soil metagenomes and identify a tailoring enzyme-rich family of gene clusters encoding biosynthesis of rifamycin congeners (kanglemycins, Kangs) with potent in vivo and in vitro activity against the most common clinically relevant Rif(R) mutations. Our structural and mechanistic analyses reveal the basis for Kang inhibition of Rif(R) RNAP. Unlike Rifs, Kangs function through a mechanism that includes interfering with 5'-initiating substrate binding. Our results suggest that examining soil microbiomes for new analogues of clinically used antibiotics may uncover metabolites capable of circumventing clinically important resistance mechanisms. | |||
Rifamycin congeners kanglemycins are active against rifampicin-resistant bacteria via a distinct mechanism.,Peek J, Lilic M, Montiel D, Milshteyn A, Woodworth I, Biggins JB, Ternei MA, Calle PY, Danziger M, Warrier T, Saito K, Braffman N, Fay A, Glickman MS, Darst SA, Campbell EA, Brady SF Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 8;9(1):4147. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06587-2. PMID:30297823<ref>PMID:30297823</ref> | |||
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | |||
</div> | |||
<div class="pdbe-citations 6ccv" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Sigma factor|Sigma factor]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
[[Category: DNA-directed RNA polymerase]] | [[Category: DNA-directed RNA polymerase]] | ||
[[Category: Mycs2]] | |||
[[Category: Campbell, E A]] | [[Category: Campbell, E A]] | ||
[[Category: Darst, S A]] | [[Category: Darst, S A]] | ||
Revision as of 18:55, 27 February 2019
Crystal structure of a Mycobacterium smegmatis RNA polymerase transcription initiation complex with inhibitor RifampicinCrystal structure of a Mycobacterium smegmatis RNA polymerase transcription initiation complex with inhibitor Rifampicin
Structural highlights
Function[RPOC_MYCS2] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01322][1] [RBPA_MYCS2] Binds to RNA polymerase (RNAP), probably stimulating transcriptions from principal, but not alternative sigma factor promoters (By similarity). Partially restores transcription in the presence of rifampicin (Rif) in vitro; overexpression leads to an increase in the Rif tolerance in vivo, with smaller colonies. Seems to act by removing Rif from its binding site and preventing its further binding. No longer stimulates transcription in Rif-resistant RNA polymerase (with mutations in rpoB).[2] [3] [RPOB_MYCS2] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. This subunit often mutates to generate rifampicin (Rif) resistance. Interaction with RbpA partially restores Rif-inhibited transcription; once the subunit is Rif-resistant however RbpA no longer stimulates transcription.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01321][4] [RPOA_MYCS2] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00059][5] [RPOZ_MYCS2] Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00366][6] [A0QW02_MYCS2] Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the primary sigma factor during exponential growth.[SAAS:SAAS00535554] Publication Abstract from PubMedRifamycin antibiotics (Rifs) target bacterial RNA polymerases (RNAPs) and are widely used to treat infections including tuberculosis. The utility of these compounds is threatened by the increasing incidence of resistance (Rif(R)). As resistance mechanisms found in clinical settings may also occur in natural environments, here we postulated that bacteria could have evolved to produce rifamycin congeners active against clinically relevant resistance phenotypes. We survey soil metagenomes and identify a tailoring enzyme-rich family of gene clusters encoding biosynthesis of rifamycin congeners (kanglemycins, Kangs) with potent in vivo and in vitro activity against the most common clinically relevant Rif(R) mutations. Our structural and mechanistic analyses reveal the basis for Kang inhibition of Rif(R) RNAP. Unlike Rifs, Kangs function through a mechanism that includes interfering with 5'-initiating substrate binding. Our results suggest that examining soil microbiomes for new analogues of clinically used antibiotics may uncover metabolites capable of circumventing clinically important resistance mechanisms. Rifamycin congeners kanglemycins are active against rifampicin-resistant bacteria via a distinct mechanism.,Peek J, Lilic M, Montiel D, Milshteyn A, Woodworth I, Biggins JB, Ternei MA, Calle PY, Danziger M, Warrier T, Saito K, Braffman N, Fay A, Glickman MS, Darst SA, Campbell EA, Brady SF Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 8;9(1):4147. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06587-2. PMID:30297823[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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