User:Dotan Shaniv/Sandbox 1: Difference between revisions

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==Crystal structure of the human beta2 adrenoceptor==

== Overview ==

See the topic [[Beta-2_Adrenergic_Receptor|Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor]].

== Structural highlights ==

<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2r4s]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2R4S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2R4S FirstGlance]. <br>

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</table>

== Function ==

~~[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ADRB2_HUMAN ADRB2_HUMAN]]~~ Beta-adrenergic receptors are [[G_protein-coupled_receptor|G Protein-Coupled Receptors]], i.e. they mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of [[adenylate cyclase]] through the action of [[GTP-binding_protein|G proteins]]. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor is widely distributed in the respiratory tract and is found on many types of cells there, such as smooth muscle cells, epithelial and endothelial cells, mast cells and more<ref>PMID: 16387578</ref>. The natural ligands for adrenoceptors are epinephrine\norepinephrine (it may be worth noting that the beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine). When these ligands bind to adrenoceptors they activate them (~~i.e.~~ they are their natural agonists), which in the case of the beta-2-adrenergic receptor translates to the sympathetic effect in the respiratory tract, namely, bronchodilation. This is the reason that ~~the~~ beta-2-adrenergic ~~receptor is~~ the main target in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma Asthma] treatment - drugs that function as beta-2 agonists help to activate these receptors and ~~allow~~ patients to deal with acute or chronic asthma symptoms.

Beta-adrenergic receptors are [[G_protein-coupled_receptor|G Protein-Coupled Receptors]], i.e. they mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of [[adenylate cyclase]] through the action of [[GTP-binding_protein|G proteins]]. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor is widely distributed in the respiratory tract and is found on many types of cells there, such as smooth muscle cells, epithelial and endothelial cells, mast cells and more<ref>PMID: 16387578</ref>. The natural ligands for adrenoceptors are epinephrine\norepinephrine (it may be worth noting that the beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine). When these ligands bind to adrenoceptors they activate them (they are their natural agonists), which in the case of the beta-2-adrenergic receptor translates to the sympathetic effect in the respiratory tract, namely, bronchodilation. This is the reason that beta-2-adrenergic receptors are the main target in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma Asthma] treatment - drugs that function as beta-2 agonists help to activate these receptors in a similar way to epinephrine\norepinephrine and help patients to deal with acute or chronic asthma symptoms.

== Evolutionary Conservation ==

[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]

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 ==Crystal structure of the human beta2 adrenoceptor==
 <StructureSection load='2r4s' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2r4s]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.40&Aring;' scene=''>
+== Overview ==
+See the topic [[Beta-2_Adrenergic_Receptor|Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor]].
 == Structural highlights ==
 <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2r4s]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2R4S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2R4S FirstGlance]. <br>
@@ Line 9: / Line 10: @@
 </table>
 == Function ==
-[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ADRB2_HUMAN ADRB2_HUMAN]] Beta-adrenergic receptors are [[G_protein-coupled_receptor|G Protein-Coupled Receptors]], i.e. they mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of [[adenylate cyclase]] through the action of [[GTP-binding_protein|G proteins]]. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor is widely distributed in the respiratory tract and is found on many types of cells there, such as smooth muscle cells, epithelial and endothelial cells, mast cells and more<ref>PMID: 16387578</ref>. The natural ligands for adrenoceptors are epinephrine\norepinephrine (it may be worth noting that the beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine). When these ligands bind to adrenoceptors they activate them (i.e. they are their natural agonists), which in the case of the beta-2-adrenergic receptor translates to the sympathetic effect in the respiratory tract, namely, bronchodilation. This is the reason that the beta-2-adrenergic receptor is the main target in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma Asthma] treatment - drugs that function as beta-2 agonists help to activate these receptors and allow patients to deal with acute or chronic asthma symptoms.
+Beta-adrenergic receptors are [[G_protein-coupled_receptor|G Protein-Coupled Receptors]], i.e. they mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of [[adenylate cyclase]] through the action of [[GTP-binding_protein|G proteins]]. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor is widely distributed in the respiratory tract and is found on many types of cells there, such as smooth muscle cells, epithelial and endothelial cells, mast cells and more<ref>PMID: 16387578</ref>. The natural ligands for adrenoceptors are epinephrine\norepinephrine (it may be worth noting that the beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine). When these ligands bind to adrenoceptors they activate them (they are their natural agonists), which in the case of the beta-2-adrenergic receptor translates to the sympathetic effect in the respiratory tract, namely, bronchodilation. This is the reason that beta-2-adrenergic receptors are the main target in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma Asthma] treatment - drugs that function as beta-2 agonists help to activate these receptors in a similar way to epinephrine\norepinephrine and help patients to deal with acute or chronic asthma symptoms.
 == Evolutionary Conservation ==
 [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]