Phospholipase A2: Difference between revisions

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Alexander Berchansky, Michal Harel, Jaime Prilusky, Joel L. Sussman

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 <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene=Phospholipase_A2/Cv/1 caption='Phospholipase A2 complex with ethanol, phosphate and Ca+2 ion (green) (PDB code [[1yxh]])'>
+== Function ==
-[[Phospholipase A2]] (PLA2) is an enzyme which releases fatty acids from glycerol.  It is found in mammals and in snake venoms.  PLA2 releases arachidonic acid from membranes causing inflammation and pain.  PLA2 from the snake ''Bothrops jararacussu'' is called '''bothropstoxin (BTX)''' and from ''Bothrops pirajai'' – '''piratoxin (PTX)'''.  The '''viperotoxin (VTX)''' is a heterodimer of very homologous PLA2 called '''RV-4/RV-7'''.  The intracellular PLA2 – '''cystolic PLA2 (cPLA2)''' – are larger than the secreted PLA2 and contains the targeting C2 domain.  The '''pro-phosphlipase (PPLA2)''' is a pancreatic PLA2 whose 7-mer N-terminal peptide is being cleaved off to produce the active PLA2.  The PLA2 contains many isozymes which are ordered by groups and named accordingly, ie., group I is PLA2G1.<br />
+[[Phospholipase A2]] (PLA2) is an enzyme which releases fatty acids from glycerol.  It is found in mammals and in snake venoms<ref>PMID:8175726</ref>.  PLA2 releases arachidonic acid from membranes causing inflammation and pain.  The PLA2 contains many isozymes which are ordered by groups and named accordingly, ie., group I is PLA2G1.<br />
+*'''PLA2 group II''' is induced in inflammation and present in atherosclerotic lesions<ref>PMID:10323782</ref>. <br />
+*'''PLA2 group V''' is active in leukocytes recruitment<ref>PMID:20232296</ref>. <br />
+*'''PLA2 group X''' regulates cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis<ref>PMID:26139511</ref>. <br />
+*'''PLA2 group XV''' is located  in the endocytic system and may be involved in CD1d function<ref>PMID:23943550</ref>. <br />
+*'''Bothropstoxin (BTX)''' is PLA2 from the snake ''Bothrops jararacussu''.<br />
+*'''Piratoxin (PTX)''' is PLA2 from the snake ''Bothrops piraña''.<br />
+*'''Viperotoxin (VTX)''' is a heterodimer of a very homologous PLA2 called '''RV-4/RV-7'''.<br />
+*'''Cystolic PLA2 (cPLA2)''' is intracellular.  It is larger than the secreted PLA2 and contains the targeting C2 domain. <br />
+*'''Pro-phosphlipase (PPLA2)''' is a pancreatic PLA2 whose 7-mer N-terminal peptide is cleaved off to produce the active PLA2.<br />
 *For details on Lys49 snake-venom PLA2 see [[Anum-II]].<br />
 *For PLA2 complex see [[Diclofenac binding to Phospholipase A2]].<br />
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 **[[4bp2]] – bPPLA2
 }}
+== References ==
+<references/>