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'''CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALPHA THROMBIN IN COMPLEX WITH BENZO[B]THIOPHENE INHIBITOR 1''' | '''CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALPHA THROMBIN IN COMPLEX WITH BENZO[B]THIOPHENE INHIBITOR 1''' | ||
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[[Category: Thrombin]] | [[Category: Thrombin]] | ||
[[Category: Chirgadze, N Y.]] | [[Category: Chirgadze, N Y.]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category: Blood clotting]] | ||
[[Category: Thrombin]] | |||
[[Category: | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Fri May 2 13:25:12 2008'' | ||
''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on | |||
Revision as of 13:25, 2 May 2008
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALPHA THROMBIN IN COMPLEX WITH BENZO[B]THIOPHENE INHIBITOR 1
OverviewOverview
The crystal structures of four active site-directed thrombin inhibitors, 1-4, in a complex with human alpha-thrombin have been determined and refined at up to 2.0 A resolution using X-ray crystallography. These compounds belong to a structurally novel family of inhibitors based on a 2,3-disubstituted benzo[b]thiophene structure. Compared to traditional active-site directed inhibitors, the X-ray crystal structures of these complexes reveal a novel binding mode. Unexpectedly, the lipophilic benzo[b]thiophene nucleus of the inhibitor appears to bind in the S1 specificity pocket. At the same time, the basic amine of the C-3 side chain of the inhibitor interacts with the mostly hydrophobic proximal, S2, and distal, S3, binding sites. The second, basic amine side chain at C-2 was found to point away from the active site, occupying a location between the S1 and S1' sites. Together, the aromatic rings of the C-2 and C-3 side chains sandwich the indole ring of Trp60D contained in the thrombin S2 insertion loop defined by the sequence "Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp." [The thrombin residue numbering used in this study is equivalent to that reported for chymotrypsinogen (Hartley BS, Shotton DM, 1971, The enzymes, vol. 3. New York: Academic Press. pp 323-373).] In contrast to the binding mode of more classical thrombin inhibitors (D-Phe-Pro-Arg-H, NAPAP, Argatroban), this novel class of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives does not engage in hydrogen bond formation with Gly216 of the thrombin active site. A detailed analysis of the three-dimensional structures not only provides a clearer understanding of the interaction of these agents with thrombin, but forms a foundation for rational structure-based drug design. The use of the data from this study has led to the design of derivatives that are up to 2,900-fold more potent than the screening hit 1.
About this StructureAbout this Structure
1D3T is a Protein complex structure of sequences from Hirudo medicinalis and Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
ReferenceReference
The crystal structures of human alpha-thrombin complexed with active site-directed diamino benzo[b]thiophene derivatives: a binding mode for a structurally novel class of inhibitors., Chirgadze NY, Sall DJ, Briggs SL, Clawson DK, Zhang M, Smith GF, Schevitz RW, Protein Sci. 2000 Jan;9(1):29-36. PMID:10739244 Page seeded by OCA on Fri May 2 13:25:12 2008