Endonuclease: Difference between revisions
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'''Endonuclease''' (ENN) cleaves phosphodiester bond within polynucleotide chain. ENN cleaves DNA at a restriction site which is usually a 6-nucleotide palindrome. ENN is restriction site–specific. Various types of ENN differ by their mechanism of action. ENN is used in genetic engineering to make recombinant DNA. ENN requires a restriction site and a cleavage pattern. ENN-I operates on DNA with separate restriction site and cleavage pattern, while ENN-II operates on overlapping restriction site and cleavage pattern. Some ENNs are encoded within introns thus facilitating their mobility. These ENNs or inteins are designated I-ENN. See also<br /> | '''Endonuclease''' (ENN) cleaves phosphodiester bond within polynucleotide chain. ENN cleaves DNA at a restriction site which is usually a 6-nucleotide palindrome. ENN is restriction site–specific. Various types of ENN differ by their mechanism of action. ENN is used in genetic engineering to make recombinant DNA. ENN requires a restriction site and a cleavage pattern. ENN-I operates on DNA with separate restriction site and cleavage pattern, while ENN-II operates on overlapping restriction site and cleavage pattern. Some ENNs are encoded within introns thus facilitating their mobility. These ENNs or inteins are designated I-ENN. The '''Cas ENN''' proteins are part of CRISPR/Cas prokaryotic immune system which confers protection from foreign genetic elements. The CRISPR (Custered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats) are DNA loci which are found in ca. 40% of the bacteria. For more details see [[Cas9]]. See also<br /> | ||
* [[Apurinic-Apyrimidinic Endonuclease-1]]<br /> | * [[Apurinic-Apyrimidinic Endonuclease-1]]<br /> | ||
* [[DNA repair protein human endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1)]] . | * [[DNA repair protein human endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1)]] . | ||
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**[[1k3x]], [[2ea0]], [[1k3w]], [[1k3x]], [[2ea0]], [[2opf]], [[2oq4]] - EcENN + DNA <br /> | **[[1k3x]], [[2ea0]], [[1k3w]], [[1k3x]], [[2ea0]], [[2opf]], [[2oq4]] - EcENN + DNA <br /> | ||
**[[2opf]], [[2oq4]] - EcENN (mutant) + DNA | **[[2opf]], [[2oq4]] - EcENN (mutant) + DNA | ||
*Cas ENN | |||
**[[1wj9]], [[4ej3]] – TtCas<br /> | |||
**[[4n06]] – AfCas1 - Archaeoglobus fulgidus <br /> | |||
**[[3oq2]] – Cas2 – Desulfovibrio vulgaris<br /> | |||
**[[4mak]] – EcCas2<br /> | |||
**[[4p6i]], [[4qdl]] – EcCas1 + EcCas2<br /> | |||
**[[3s4l]] – MjCas3 – Methanocaldococcus jannaschii<br /> | |||
**[[4qqw]] – TfCas3 – Thermobifida fusca<br /> | |||
**[[4qqx]] – TfCas3 + ATP <br /> | |||
**[[4qqy]] – TfCas3 + ADP <br /> | |||
**[[4qqz]] – TfCas3 + AMPPNP <br /> | |||
**[[4q2c]] - TteCas3 – Thermobaclum terrenum<br /> | |||
**[[4q2d]] - TteCas3 + ATP<br /> | |||
**[[3i4h]] – Cas4 - Pyrobaculum calidifontis<br /> | |||
**[[4qr0]], [[4qr1]] - SpCas9 (Csn1) – Streptococcus pyogenes<br /> | |||
**[[4ill]], [[4ilm]] – SsCas6 + RNA - Sulfolobus solfataricus<br /> | |||
**[[4ilr]], [[3zfv]] – SsCas6 <br /> | |||
**[[3i4h]] – PfCas6 - Pyrococcus furiosus<br /> | |||
**[[3pkm]] – PfCas6 + RNA<br /> | |||
**[[4dzd]] – EcCas6e<br /> | |||
**[[2y8w]], [[2y8y]], [[3qrp]], [[3qrq]], [[2qrr]] – TtCas6e (Cse3) + RNA<br /> | |||
**[[2xli]], [[2xlj]], [[2xlk]], [[4al7]] – PaCas6f (Csy4) + RNA – Pseudomonas aeruginosa<br /> | |||
**[[4al5]], [[4al6]] - PaCas6f (Csy4) (mutant) + RNA <br /> | |||
**[[4cmp]], [[4cmq]] – SpCas9 (Csn1)<br /> | |||
**[[4oo8]], [[4un3]], [[4un4]], [[4un5]] - SpCas9 (Csn1) (mutant) + RNA + DNA<br /> | |||
**[[4ogc]], [[4oge]] – Cas9 II-C – Actinomyces naeslundii<br /> | |||
**[[3ung]], [[3ur3]], [[4doz]], [[4w8y]] – PfCas10 CMR2 subunit <br /> | |||
**[[4h4k]] – PfCas10 CMR2+CMR3 subunits <br /> | |||
**[[3w2v]] – PfCas10 CMR2+CMR3 subunits + AMP<br /> | |||
**[[3w2w]] – PfCas10 CMR2+CMR3 subunits + ATP<br /> | |||
**[[4gkf]] – PfCas10 CMR5 subunit<br /> | |||
**[[4an8]], [[4f3e]] – TtCasA (Cse1)<br /> | |||
**[[4h3t]] - CasA (Cse1) – Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans<br /> | |||
**[[4h79]] - TfCasB (Cse2)<br /> | |||
**[[3wa8]] - CasB (Cse2) – Meiothermus ruber<br /> | |||
**[[4h7a]] - TtCasB (Cse2)<br /> | |||
**[[4tvx]] – EcCasA (Cse1) + CasE<br /> | |||
**[[4u7u]] – EcCasA (Cse1) + CasB + CasC + CasD + CasE + RNA<br /> | |||
**[[4qyz]] – EcCasA (Cse1) + CasB + CasC + CasD + CasE + RNA + DNA<br /> | |||
**[[3qhq]] - Csn2 – Streptococcus agalactiae<br /> | |||
**[[3toc]], [[3v7f]] – SpCsn2<br /> | |||
**[[3ps0]] – SsCsa2<br /> | |||
*EcoKI ENN | *EcoKI ENN | ||