1dx5: Difference between revisions
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{{STRUCTURE_1dx5| PDB=1dx5 | SCENE= }} | {{STRUCTURE_1dx5| PDB=1dx5 | SCENE= }} | ||
===Crystal structure of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex=== | |||
{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_10761923}} | |||
=== | ==Disease== | ||
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN]] Defects in F2 are the cause of factor II deficiency (FA2D) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/613679 613679]]. It is a very rare blood coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. The severity of the bleeding manifestations correlates with blood factor II levels.<ref>PMID:14962227</ref><ref>PMID:6405779</ref><ref>PMID:3771562</ref><ref>PMID:3567158</ref><ref>PMID:3801671</ref><ref>PMID:3242619</ref><ref>PMID:2719946</ref><ref>PMID:1354985</ref><ref>PMID:1421398</ref><ref>PMID:1349838</ref><ref>PMID:7865694</ref><ref>PMID:7792730</ref> Genetic variations in F2 may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/601367 601367]]; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.<ref>PMID:15534175</ref> Defects in F2 are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombin defect (THPH1) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/188050 188050]]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Note=A common genetic variation in the 3-prime untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Defects in F2 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 2 (RPRGL2) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/614390 614390]]. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.<ref>PMID:11506076</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRBM_HUMAN TRBM_HUMAN]] Defects in THBD are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombomodulin defect (THPH12) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/614486 614486]]. A hemostatic disorder characterized by a tendency to thrombosis.<ref>PMID:7811989</ref><ref>PMID:9198186</ref><ref>PMID:12139752</ref> Defects in THBD are a cause of susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome atypical type 6 (AHUS6) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/612926 612926]]. An atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is a complex genetic disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and absence of episodes of enterocolitis and diarrhea. In contrast to typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical forms have a poorer prognosis, with higher death rates and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease. Note=Susceptibility to the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome can be conferred by mutations in various components of or regulatory factors in the complement cascade system. Other genes may play a role in modifying the phenotype.<ref>PMID:19625716</ref><ref>PMID:20513133</ref> | |||
==Function== | |||
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN]] Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.<ref>PMID:2856554</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRBM_HUMAN TRBM_HUMAN]] Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C (protein Ca). Once evolved, protein Ca scissions the activated cofactors of the coagulation mechanism, factor Va and factor VIIIa, and thereby reduces the amount of thrombin generated. | |||
==About this Structure== | ==About this Structure== | ||
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==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
<ref group="xtra">PMID:010761923</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:016673263</ref><references group="xtra"/> | <ref group="xtra">PMID:010761923</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:016673263</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/> | ||
[[Category: Homo sapiens]] | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] | ||
[[Category: Thrombin]] | [[Category: Thrombin]] | ||