Amyloid beta: Difference between revisions
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The first 16 residues, Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe-Arg-His-Asp-Ser-Gly-Tyr-Glu--Val-His-His-Gln-Lys, are mostly hydrophobic while <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Cu/1'>His13 and His14</scene> form a binding domain for Cu(II). Residues 12-23 function as the <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Self/1'>self recognition</scene> region allowing for the formation of dimers and/or oligomers. This region also serves as the binding site for cholesterol, apolipoproteinE, alpha7nAChr, and amyloid beta-peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase.<ref name="alz" /> | The first 16 residues, Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe-Arg-His-Asp-Ser-Gly-Tyr-Glu--Val-His-His-Gln-Lys, are mostly hydrophobic while <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Cu/1'>His13 and His14</scene> form a binding domain for Cu(II). Residues 12-23 function as the <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Self/1'>self recognition</scene> region allowing for the formation of dimers and/or oligomers. This region also serves as the binding site for cholesterol, apolipoproteinE, alpha7nAChr, and amyloid beta-peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase.<ref name="alz" /> | ||
The most reasonable structure determined structure consists of <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Two_helices/1'>two helices</scene>; the first helix (residues 8-25) is well defined and has an RMSD of 0.38 angstroms and the second (residues 28-38) is interrupted at the Ile32-Gly33 connection. The two helices are connected by a <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Kink/1'>kink</scene> (residues 26 and 27).<ref name="structure" /> | The most reasonable structure determined structure consists of <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Two_helices/1'>two helices</scene>; the first helix (residues 8-25) is well defined and has an RMSD of 0.38 angstroms and the second (residues 28-38) is interrupted at the Ile32-Gly33 connection. The second helix corresponds to the transmembrane region of APP and thus contains multiple small and hydrophobic amino acids. The two helices are connected by a <scene name='Amyloid_beta/Kink/1'>kink</scene> (residues 26 and 27).<ref name="structure" /> | ||
The toxicity of amyloid beta is due to the formation of aggregates and oligomers. The actual structures of these oligomers is unknown but is likely similar to that of amyloid beta in mature plaques.<ref name="structure" /> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||