User:David Canner/Sandbox glu: Difference between revisions
David Canner (talk | contribs) New page: left|270px The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_receptor glutamate receptor]is the ion channel opened by glutamate that keeps neurons in to... |
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The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_receptor glutamate receptor]is the ion channel opened by glutamate that keeps neurons in touch by mediating fast cell-to-cell information transfer in the nervous system. Several studies have revealed structures for portions of the glutamate receptor <ref name="r80">PMID: 19461580</ref><ref name="r14">PMID: 19465914</ref><ref name="r22">PMID: 19910922</ref><ref>PMID: 9804426</ref>. Groundbreaking work elucidated the structure of a complete functional, homomeric glutamate receptor<ref name="main">PMID:19946266</ref><ref>PMID: 20010675</ref> and that structure, [[3kg2]], is the subject of this page. | The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_receptor glutamate receptor]is the ion channel opened by glutamate that keeps neurons in touch by mediating fast cell-to-cell information transfer in the nervous system. Several studies have revealed structures for portions of the glutamate receptor <ref name="r80">PMID: 19461580</ref><ref name="r14">PMID: 19465914</ref><ref name="r22">PMID: 19910922</ref><ref>PMID: 9804426</ref>. Groundbreaking work elucidated the structure of a complete functional, homomeric glutamate receptor<ref name="main">PMID:19946266</ref><ref>PMID: 20010675</ref> and that structure, [[3kg2]], is the subject of this page. | ||
==Structure of the Glutamate Receptor (GluA2)== | ==Structure of the Glutamate Receptor (GluA2)== | ||
<StructureSection load='1dq8' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2/1' caption='Sglutamate receptor ([[3kg2]]) | <StructureSection load='1dq8' size='500' side='right' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2/1' caption='Sglutamate receptor ([[3kg2]])'> | ||
The homomeric rat GluA2 receptor <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2/1'>has four subunits</scene> arranged in a 'Y'-shape with the <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Meas3kg2/1'>'top' being about three times the width of the 'bottom'</scene><ref name="main" />. This structure is a functional homotetramer of the AMPA-subtype; native ionotropic glutamate receptors are almost exclusively heterotetramers. {{Link Toggle FancyCartoonHighQualityView}}. | The homomeric rat GluA2 receptor <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2/1'>has four subunits</scene> arranged in a 'Y'-shape with the <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Meas3kg2/1'>'top' being about three times the width of the 'bottom'</scene><ref name="main" />. This structure is a functional homotetramer of the AMPA-subtype; native ionotropic glutamate receptors are almost exclusively heterotetramers. {{Link Toggle FancyCartoonHighQualityView}}. | ||
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::[[Image:Opm_periplasmic_topology.gif]] | ::[[Image:Opm_periplasmic_topology.gif]] | ||
* The carboxy-terminal domain that plays a role in both receptor localization and regulation is not seen in the structure but would be below the transmembrane domain as it is cytoplasmic. | * The carboxy-terminal domain that plays a role in both receptor localization and regulation is not seen in the structure but would be below the transmembrane domain as it is cytoplasmic. | ||
===Domain swapping between the subunits and symmetry mismatch between the domains=== | ===Domain swapping between the subunits and symmetry mismatch between the domains=== | ||
*Unanticipated is the domain swapping and crossover that occurs between the subunits interactions. In order to discuss the remarkable swapping, it is best to <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2letter/4'>designate each subunit with a letter</scene>: <br> '''<span style="color:forestgreen">A</span>''' '''<span style="color:red">B</span>''' '''<span style="color:cornflowerblue">C</span>''' '''<!--<span style="color:#FFFF80">D</span>-->D''' | *Unanticipated is the domain swapping and crossover that occurs between the subunits interactions. In order to discuss the remarkable swapping, it is best to <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Default3kg2letter/4'>designate each subunit with a letter</scene>: <br> '''<span style="color:forestgreen">A</span>''' '''<span style="color:red">B</span>''' '''<span style="color:cornflowerblue">C</span>''' '''<!--<span style="color:#FFFF80">D</span>-->D''' | ||
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*As explored further in [[#Transmembrane domain architecture and the occluded pore|a later section below]] , the <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Tmd_domain_4fold/2'>symmetry is an overall four-fold for the TMD</scene>. Thus, remarkably, the symmetry switches from an overall two-fold symmetry for the ATD and LBD to four-fold for the TMD. | *As explored further in [[#Transmembrane domain architecture and the occluded pore|a later section below]] , the <scene name='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Tmd_domain_4fold/2'>symmetry is an overall four-fold for the TMD</scene>. Thus, remarkably, the symmetry switches from an overall two-fold symmetry for the ATD and LBD to four-fold for the TMD. | ||
</StructureSection> | |||
===Subunit non-equivalence=== | ===Subunit non-equivalence=== | ||
<table width='240' align='left' cellpadding='2'><tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeee'><applet load='3kg2' size='240' frame='true' align='left' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Ac3kg2letter/1' caption='A is equivalent to C'/></td><td bgcolor='#eeeeee'><applet load='3kg2' size='240' frame='true' align='left' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Bd3kg2letter/2' caption='B is equivalent to D'/></td></tr></table> | <table width='240' align='left' cellpadding='2'><tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeee'><applet load='3kg2' size='240' frame='true' align='left' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Ac3kg2letter/1' caption='A is equivalent to C'/></td><td bgcolor='#eeeeee'><applet load='3kg2' size='240' frame='true' align='left' scene='User:Wayne_Decatur/Sandbox_Glutamate_receptor/Bd3kg2letter/2' caption='B is equivalent to D'/></td></tr></table> | ||
