177l: Difference between revisions

==Overview==

The structures of various mutants of T4 lysozyme have been determined in, 25 non-isomorphous crystal forms. This provides an unusually diverse data, base to compare the structures and dynamics of a closely related set of, proteins in different crystal packing environments. In general, the more, tightly packed crystals diffract better than those that are highly, hydrated although the wild-type crystal form is an exception. The ability, of the protein to form a relatively open but stable lattice may help, explain why many of the mutants crystallize in this form. In different, crystalline environments, the lysozyme molecules associate with 2-fold, 3-fold, 4-fold, and 5-fold symmetry, as well as with various types of, screw associations. A "back-to-back" dimeric association, and a, "head-to-tail" 2(1) screw association, are especially common, each, occurring in more than half a dozen crystal forms. The 4-fold and 5-fold, modes of association are closely related and provide an example of, quasi-equivalent association as envisaged by Caspar and Klug. In different, crystal environments the lysozyme molecules display a range of over 50, degrees in the hinge-bending angle between the amino and carboxy-terminal, domains. Large variations in the hinge-bending angle are observed not only, for lysozymes with mutations in the hinge region, but for molecules with, mutations far from this site. This suggests that hinge-bending is an, intrinsic property of the lysozyme molecule and is not an artifact due to, mutation. As the hinge-bending angle increases about 15 degrees beyond, that seen in wild-type there is a distinct conformations change in the, side-chains of five residues in the hinge-bending region. Changes in the, backbone are localized near residues 13, 59 and 80, but do not include, significant changes in (phi, psi). Comparison of the different structures, indicates that crystal contacts perturb the backbone structure of the, protein by 0.2 to 0.5 A. These perturbations are of the same magnitude for, helices and beta-sheet strands, suggesting that protein structures can be, defined and maintained equally well by hydrogen-bonding (i.e., strand-strand) or by non-hydrogen-bonding (i.e. helix-helix) interactions., The discrepancies between the lysozyme structures in different, crystallographic environments are in line with other comparisons of, independently determined protein crystal structures. They suggest that, protein structures in general are subject to low energy changes in, conformation of 0.2 to 0.5 A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

==About this Structure==

177L is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacteria_phage_t2 Enterobacteria phage t2]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=177L OCA].

 

==Reference==

Protein flexibility and adaptability seen in 25 crystal forms of T4 lysozyme., Zhang XJ, Wozniak JA, Matthews BW, J Mol Biol. 1995 Jul 21;250(4):527-52. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=7616572 7616572]

[[Category: Enterobacteria phage t2]]

[[Category: Lysozyme]]

[[Category: Single protein]]

[[Category: Matsumura, M.]]

[[Category: Matthews, B.W.]]

[[Category: Weaver, L.]]

[[Category: Zhang, X.J.]]

[[Category: hydrolase (o-glycosyl)]]

 

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