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[[Image:1vdv.gif|left|200px]]
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{{STRUCTURE_1vdv|  PDB=1vdv  |  SCENE=  }}
'''Bovine Milk Xanthine Dehydrogenase Y-700 Bound Form'''


==Bovine Milk Xanthine Dehydrogenase Y-700 Bound Form==
<StructureSection load='1vdv' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1vdv]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.98&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1vdv]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1VDV OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1VDV FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.98&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACY:ACETIC+ACID'>ACY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MOS:DIOXOTHIOMOLYBDENUM(VI)+ION'>MOS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MTE:PHOSPHONIC+ACIDMONO-(2-AMINO-5,6-DIMERCAPTO-4-OXO-3,7,8A,9,10,10A-HEXAHYDRO-4H-8-OXA-1,3,9,10-TETRAAZA-ANTHRACEN-7-YLMETHYL)ESTER'>MTE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=YSH:1-[3-CYANO-4-(NEOPENTYLOXY)PHENYL]-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLIC+ACID'>YSH</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1vdv FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1vdv OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1vdv PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1vdv RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1vdv PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1vdv ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/XDH_BOVIN XDH_BOVIN] Key enzyme in purine degradation. Catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine. Catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/vd/1vdv_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1vdv ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Y-700 (1-[3-Cyano-4-(2,2-dimethylpropoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid) is a newly synthesized inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). Steady-state kinetics with the bovine milk enzyme indicated a mixed type inhibition with K(i) and K(i) ' values of 0.6 and 3.2 nM, respectively. Titration experiments showed that Y-700 bound tightly both to the active sulfo-form and to the inactive desulfo-form of the enzyme with K(d) values of 0.9 and 2.8 nM, respectively. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the enzyme-inhibitor complex revealed that Y-700 closely interacts with the channel leading to the molybdenum-pterin active site but does not directly coordinate to the molybdenum ion. In oxonate-treated rats, orally administered Y-700 (1-10 mg/kg) dose dependently lowered plasma urate levels. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, the hypouricemic action of Y-700 was more potent and of longer duration than that of 4-hydroxypyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine, whereas its action was approximately equivalent to that of 2-(3-cyano-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid, a nonpurine inhibitor of XOR. In normal rats, orally administered Y-700 (0.3-3 mg/kg) dose dependently reduced the urinary excretion of urate and allantoin, accompanied by an increase in the excretion of hypoxanthine and xanthine. Y-700 (1 mg/kg) was absorbed rapidly by the oral route with high bioavailability (84.1%). Y-700 was hardly excreted via the kidneys but was mainly cleared via the liver. These results suggest that Y-700 will be a promising candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia and other diseases in which XOR may be involved.


==Overview==
Y-700 [1-[3-Cyano-4-(2,2-dimethylpropoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid]: a potent xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor with hepatic excretion.,Fukunari A, Okamoto K, Nishino T, Eger BT, Pai EF, Kamezawa M, Yamada I, Kato N J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Nov;311(2):519-28. Epub 2004 Jun 9. PMID:15190124<ref>PMID:15190124</ref>
Y-700 (1-[3-Cyano-4-(2,2-dimethylpropoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid) is a newly synthesized inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). Steady-state kinetics with the bovine milk enzyme indicated a mixed type inhibition with K(i) and K(i) ' values of 0.6 and 3.2 nM, respectively. Titration experiments showed that Y-700 bound tightly both to the active sulfo-form and to the inactive desulfo-form of the enzyme with K(d) values of 0.9 and 2.8 nM, respectively. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the enzyme-inhibitor complex revealed that Y-700 closely interacts with the channel leading to the molybdenum-pterin active site but does not directly coordinate to the molybdenum ion. In oxonate-treated rats, orally administered Y-700 (1-10 mg/kg) dose dependently lowered plasma urate levels. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, the hypouricemic action of Y-700 was more potent and of longer duration than that of 4-hydroxypyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine, whereas its action was approximately equivalent to that of 2-(3-cyano-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid, a nonpurine inhibitor of XOR. In normal rats, orally administered Y-700 (0.3-3 mg/kg) dose dependently reduced the urinary excretion of urate and allantoin, accompanied by an increase in the excretion of hypoxanthine and xanthine. Y-700 (1 mg/kg) was absorbed rapidly by the oral route with high bioavailability (84.1%). Y-700 was hardly excreted via the kidneys but was mainly cleared via the liver. These results suggest that Y-700 will be a promising candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia and other diseases in which XOR may be involved.


==About this Structure==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
1VDV is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1VDV OCA].
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1vdv" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==Reference==
==See Also==
Y-700 [1-[3-Cyano-4-(2,2-dimethylpropoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid]: a potent xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor with hepatic excretion., Fukunari A, Okamoto K, Nishino T, Eger BT, Pai EF, Kamezawa M, Yamada I, Kato N, J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Nov;311(2):519-28. Epub 2004 Jun 9. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15190124 15190124]
*[[Xanthine dehydrogenase|Xanthine dehydrogenase]]
*[[Xanthine dehydrogenase 3D structures|Xanthine dehydrogenase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Xanthine dehydrogenase]]
[[Category: Eger BT]]
[[Category: Eger, B T.]]
[[Category: Fukunari A]]
[[Category: Fukunari, A.]]
[[Category: Kamezawa M]]
[[Category: Kamezawa, M.]]
[[Category: Kato N]]
[[Category: Kato, N.]]
[[Category: Nishino T]]
[[Category: Nishino, T.]]
[[Category: Okamoto K]]
[[Category: Okamoto, K.]]
[[Category: Pai EF]]
[[Category: Pai, E F.]]
[[Category: Yamada I]]
[[Category: Yamada, I.]]
[[Category: Inhibitor]]
[[Category: Xanthine oxidoreductase]]
[[Category: Y-700]]
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