3d39: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='3d39' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3d39]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.81&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3d39' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3d39]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.81&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3d39]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3D39 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3D39 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3d39]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3D39 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3D39 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.81&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=PFF:4-FLUORO-L-PHENYLALANINE'>PFF</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PFF:4-FLUORO-L-PHENYLALANINE'>PFF</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1ao7|1ao7]], [[2gj6|2gj6]], [[1qrn|1qrn]], [[1qse|1qse]], [[1qsf|1qsf]], [[3d3v|3d3v]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">HLA-A, HLAA ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), B2M, CDABP0092, HDCMA22P ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3d39 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3d39 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3d39 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3d39 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3d39 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3d39 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3d39 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3d39 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3d39 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3d39 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3d39 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3d39 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B2MG_HUMAN B2MG_HUMAN]] Defects in B2M are the cause of hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia (HYCATHYP) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/241600 241600]]. Affected individuals show marked reduction in serum concentrations of immunoglobulin and albumin, probably due to rapid degradation.<ref>PMID:16549777</ref>  Note=Beta-2-microglobulin may adopt the fibrillar configuration of amyloid in certain pathologic states. The capacity to assemble into amyloid fibrils is concentration dependent. Persistently high beta(2)-microglobulin serum levels lead to amyloidosis in patients on long-term hemodialysis.<ref>PMID:3532124</ref> <ref>PMID:1336137</ref> <ref>PMID:7554280</ref> <ref>PMID:4586824</ref> <ref>PMID:8084451</ref> <ref>PMID:12119416</ref> <ref>PMID:12796775</ref> <ref>PMID:16901902</ref> <ref>PMID:16491088</ref> <ref>PMID:17646174</ref> <ref>PMID:18835253</ref> <ref>PMID:18395224</ref> <ref>PMID:19284997</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLAA_HUMAN HLAA_HUMAN] Selection of immunotherapy in solid cancer;Birdshot chorioretinopathy;Prediction of phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity. Alleles A*02:01 and A*24:02 are associated with increased susceptibility to diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (IDDM) (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479, PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618). In a glucose-dependent way, allele A*02:01 may aberrantly present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (ALWGPDPAAA) on the surface of pancreatic beta cells to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells, potentially driving T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic islets (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479). Allele A*24:02 may present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (LWMRLLPLL) and contribute to acute pancreatic beta-cell destruction and early onset of IDDM (PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618).<ref>PMID:16731854</ref> <ref>PMID:18802479</ref> <ref>PMID:22245737</ref> <ref>PMID:22522618</ref>   Allele A*03:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (PubMed:10746785). May contribute to the initiation phase of the disease by presenting myelin PLP1 self-peptide (KLIETYFSK) to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells capable of initiating the first autoimmune attacks (PubMed:18953350).<ref>PMID:10746785</ref> <ref>PMID:18953350</ref>   Allele A*26:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to Behcet disease (BD) in the Northeast Asian population. Especially in the HLA-B*51-negative BD populations, HLA-A*26 is significantly associated with the onset of BD.<ref>PMID:30872678</ref>   Allele A*29:02 is associated with increased susceptibility to birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). May aberrantly present retinal autoantigens and induce autoimmune uveitis.<ref>PMID:1728143</ref>  
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/1A02_HUMAN 1A02_HUMAN]] Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B2MG_HUMAN B2MG_HUMAN]] Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLAA_HUMAN HLAA_HUMAN] Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. In complex with B2M/beta 2 microglobulin displays primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides on antigen-presenting cells for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-A-restricted CD8-positive T cells, guiding antigen-specific T cell immune response to eliminate infected or transformed cells (PubMed:2456340, PubMed:2784196, PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:10449296, PubMed:12138174, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:15893615, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21498667, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:7694806, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:28250417). May also present self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of secreted or membrane proteins, although T cells specific for these peptides are usually inactivated to prevent autoreactivity (PubMed:25880248, PubMed:7506728, PubMed:7679507). Both the peptide and the MHC molecule are recognized by TCR, the peptide is responsible for the fine specificity of antigen recognition and MHC residues account for the MHC restriction of T cells (PubMed:12796775, PubMed:18275829, PubMed:19542454, PubMed:28250417). Typically presents intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome or via endopeptidase IDE/insulin-degrading enzyme (PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:17079320, PubMed:26929325, PubMed:27049119). Can bind different peptides containing allele-specific binding motifs, which are mainly defined by anchor residues at position 2 and 9 (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734).<ref>PMID:10449296</ref> <ref>PMID:12138174</ref> <ref>PMID:12393434</ref> <ref>PMID:12796775</ref> <ref>PMID:1402688</ref> <ref>PMID:15893615</ref> <ref>PMID:17079320</ref> <ref>PMID:17189421</ref> <ref>PMID:18275829</ref> <ref>PMID:19542454</ref> <ref>PMID:19543285</ref> <ref>PMID:20364150</ref> <ref>PMID:21498667</ref> <ref>PMID:24192765</ref> <ref>PMID:24395804</ref> <ref>PMID:2456340</ref> <ref>PMID:25880248</ref> <ref>PMID:26929325</ref> <ref>PMID:27049119</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref> <ref>PMID:28250417</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref> <ref>PMID:7506728</ref> <ref>PMID:7679507</ref> <ref>PMID:7694806</ref> <ref>PMID:9862734</ref>  Allele A*01:01: Presents a restricted peptide repertoire including viral epitopes derived from IAV NP/nucleoprotein (CTELKLSDY), IAV PB1/polymerase basic protein 1 (VSDGGPNLY), HAdV-11 capsid L3/hexon protein (LTDLGQNLLY), SARS-CoV-2 3a/ORF3a (FTSDYYQLY) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGE1 (EADPTGHSY), MAGEA3 (EVDPIGHLY) and WT1 (TSEKRPFMCAY), all having in common a canonical motif with a negatively charged Asp or Glu residue at position 3 and a Tyr anchor residue at the C-terminus (PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:25880248, PubMed:30530481, PubMed:19177349, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:26758806, PubMed:32887977). A number of HLA-A*01:01-restricted peptides carry a post-translational modification with oxidation and N-terminal acetylation being the most frequent (PubMed:25880248). Fails to present highly immunogenic peptides from the EBV latent antigens (PubMed:18779413).<ref>PMID:1402688</ref> <ref>PMID:17189421</ref> <ref>PMID:18779413</ref> <ref>PMID:19177349</ref> <ref>PMID:20364150</ref> <ref>PMID:24395804</ref> <ref>PMID:25880248</ref> <ref>PMID:26758806</ref> <ref>PMID:30530481</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref>  Allele A*02:01: A major allele in human populations, presents immunodominant viral epitopes derived from IAV M/matrix protein 1 (GILGFVFTL), HIV-1 env (TLTSCNTSV), HIV-1 gag-pol (ILKEPVHGV), HTLV-1 Tax (LLFGYPVYV), HBV C/core antigen (FLPSDFFPS), HCMV UL83/pp65 (NLVPMVATV) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGEA4 (GVYDGREHTV), WT1 (RMFPNAPYL) and CTAG1A/NY-ESO-1 (SLLMWITQC), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and at the C-terminal anchors.<ref>PMID:11502003</ref> <ref>PMID:12138174</ref> <ref>PMID:12796775</ref> <ref>PMID:17079320</ref> <ref>PMID:18275829</ref> <ref>PMID:19542454</ref> <ref>PMID:20619457</ref> <ref>PMID:22245737</ref> <ref>PMID:26929325</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref> <ref>PMID:28250417</ref> <ref>PMID:7694806</ref> <ref>PMID:7935798</ref> <ref>PMID:8630735</ref> <ref>PMID:8805302</ref> <ref>PMID:8906788</ref> <ref>PMID:9177355</ref>  Allele A*03:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (ILRGSVAHK), HIV-1 nef (QVPLRPMTYK), HIV-1 gag-pol (AIFQSSMTK), SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) as well as tumor peptide antigens including PMEL (LIYRRRLMK), NODAL (HAYIQSLLK), TRP-2 (RMYNMVPFF), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and Lys or Arg anchor residues at the C-terminus (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:7679507, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21943705, PubMed:2456340, PubMed:32887977). May also display spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (PubMed:27049119).<ref>PMID:19543285</ref> <ref>PMID:21943705</ref> <ref>PMID:2456340</ref> <ref>PMID:27049119</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref> <ref>PMID:7679507</ref> <ref>PMID:9862734</ref>  Allele A*11:01: Presents several immunodominant epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol and HHV-4 EBNA4, containing the peptide motif with Val, Ile, Thr, Leu, Tyr or Phe at position 2 and Lys anchor residue at the C-terminus. Important in the control of HIV-1, EBV and HBV infections (PubMed:10449296). Presents an immunodominant epitope derived from SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) (PubMed:32887977).<ref>PMID:10449296</ref> <ref>PMID:32887977</ref>  Allele A*23:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.<ref>PMID:17182537</ref>  Allele A*24:02: Presents viral epitopes derived from HIV-1 nef (RYPLTFGWCF), EBV lytic- and latent-cycle antigens BRLF1 (TYPVLEEMF), BMLF1 (DYNFVKQLF) and LMP2 (IYVLVMLVL), SARS-CoV nucleocapsid/N (QFKDNVILL), as well as tumor peptide antigens including PRAME (LYVDSLFFL), all sharing a common signature motif, namely an aromatic residue Tyr or Phe at position 2 and a nonhydrophobic anchor residue Phe, Leu or Iso at the C-terminus (PubMed:9047241, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:20844028). Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response (PubMed:17182537, PubMed:18502829).<ref>PMID:12393434</ref> <ref>PMID:17182537</ref> <ref>PMID:18502829</ref> <ref>PMID:20844028</ref> <ref>PMID:24192765</ref> <ref>PMID:9047241</ref>  Allele A*26:01: Presents several epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol (EVIPMFSAL, ETKLGKAGY) and env (LVSDGGPNLY), carrying as anchor residues preferentially Glu at position 1, Val or Thr at position 2 and Tyr at the C-terminus.<ref>PMID:15893615</ref>  Allele A*29:02: Presents peptides having a common motif, namely a Glu residue at position 2 and Tyr or Leu anchor residues at the C-terminus.<ref>PMID:8622959</ref>  Allele A*32:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.<ref>PMID:17182537</ref>  Allele A*68:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (KTGGPIYKR) and HIV-1 tat (ITKGLGISYGR), having a common signature motif namely, Val or Thr at position 2 and positively charged residues Arg or Lys at the C-terminal anchor.<ref>PMID:1448153</ref> <ref>PMID:1448154</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref>  Allele A*74:01: Presents immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes derived from gag-pol (GQMVHQAISPR, QIYPGIKVR) and rev (RQIHSISER), carrying an aliphatic residue at position 2 and Arg anchor residue at the C-terminus. May contribute to viral load control in chronic HIV-1 infection.<ref>PMID:21498667</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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*[[Beta-2 microglobulin 3D structures|Beta-2 microglobulin 3D structures]]
*[[Beta-2 microglobulin 3D structures|Beta-2 microglobulin 3D structures]]
*[[MHC 3D structures|MHC 3D structures]]
*[[MHC 3D structures|MHC 3D structures]]
*[[MHC I 3D structures|MHC I 3D structures]]
*[[T-cell receptor 3D structures|T-cell receptor 3D structures]]
*[[T-cell receptor 3D structures|T-cell receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
Line 42: Line 41:
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Baker, B M]]
[[Category: Baker BM]]
[[Category: Borbulevych, O Y]]
[[Category: Borbulevych OY]]
[[Category: Clemens, J R]]
[[Category: Clemens JR]]
[[Category: 4-fluorophenylalanine]]
[[Category: Disease mutation]]
[[Category: Glycation]]
[[Category: Glycoprotein]]
[[Category: Hla-a2]]
[[Category: Host-virus interaction]]
[[Category: Htlv-1 tax peptide]]
[[Category: Immune response]]
[[Category: Immune system]]
[[Category: Immunoglobulin domain]]
[[Category: Membrane]]
[[Category: Mhc class i]]
[[Category: Mhc i]]
[[Category: Phosphoprotein]]
[[Category: Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid]]
[[Category: Secreted]]
[[Category: T-cell receptor a6]]
[[Category: Transmembrane]]

Latest revision as of 15:39, 30 August 2023

The complex between TCR A6 and human Class I MHC HLA-A2 with the modified HTLV-1 TAX (Y5(4-fluoroPhenylalanine)) peptideThe complex between TCR A6 and human Class I MHC HLA-A2 with the modified HTLV-1 TAX (Y5(4-fluoroPhenylalanine)) peptide

Structural highlights

3d39 is a 5 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.81Å
Ligands:,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

HLAA_HUMAN Selection of immunotherapy in solid cancer;Birdshot chorioretinopathy;Prediction of phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity. Alleles A*02:01 and A*24:02 are associated with increased susceptibility to diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (IDDM) (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479, PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618). In a glucose-dependent way, allele A*02:01 may aberrantly present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (ALWGPDPAAA) on the surface of pancreatic beta cells to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells, potentially driving T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic islets (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479). Allele A*24:02 may present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (LWMRLLPLL) and contribute to acute pancreatic beta-cell destruction and early onset of IDDM (PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618).[1] [2] [3] [4] Allele A*03:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (PubMed:10746785). May contribute to the initiation phase of the disease by presenting myelin PLP1 self-peptide (KLIETYFSK) to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells capable of initiating the first autoimmune attacks (PubMed:18953350).[5] [6] Allele A*26:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to Behcet disease (BD) in the Northeast Asian population. Especially in the HLA-B*51-negative BD populations, HLA-A*26 is significantly associated with the onset of BD.[7] Allele A*29:02 is associated with increased susceptibility to birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). May aberrantly present retinal autoantigens and induce autoimmune uveitis.[8]

Function

HLAA_HUMAN Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. In complex with B2M/beta 2 microglobulin displays primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides on antigen-presenting cells for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-A-restricted CD8-positive T cells, guiding antigen-specific T cell immune response to eliminate infected or transformed cells (PubMed:2456340, PubMed:2784196, PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:10449296, PubMed:12138174, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:15893615, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21498667, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:7694806, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:28250417). May also present self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of secreted or membrane proteins, although T cells specific for these peptides are usually inactivated to prevent autoreactivity (PubMed:25880248, PubMed:7506728, PubMed:7679507). Both the peptide and the MHC molecule are recognized by TCR, the peptide is responsible for the fine specificity of antigen recognition and MHC residues account for the MHC restriction of T cells (PubMed:12796775, PubMed:18275829, PubMed:19542454, PubMed:28250417). Typically presents intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome or via endopeptidase IDE/insulin-degrading enzyme (PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:17079320, PubMed:26929325, PubMed:27049119). Can bind different peptides containing allele-specific binding motifs, which are mainly defined by anchor residues at position 2 and 9 (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734).[9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] Allele A*01:01: Presents a restricted peptide repertoire including viral epitopes derived from IAV NP/nucleoprotein (CTELKLSDY), IAV PB1/polymerase basic protein 1 (VSDGGPNLY), HAdV-11 capsid L3/hexon protein (LTDLGQNLLY), SARS-CoV-2 3a/ORF3a (FTSDYYQLY) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGE1 (EADPTGHSY), MAGEA3 (EVDPIGHLY) and WT1 (TSEKRPFMCAY), all having in common a canonical motif with a negatively charged Asp or Glu residue at position 3 and a Tyr anchor residue at the C-terminus (PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:25880248, PubMed:30530481, PubMed:19177349, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:26758806, PubMed:32887977). A number of HLA-A*01:01-restricted peptides carry a post-translational modification with oxidation and N-terminal acetylation being the most frequent (PubMed:25880248). Fails to present highly immunogenic peptides from the EBV latent antigens (PubMed:18779413).[35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] Allele A*02:01: A major allele in human populations, presents immunodominant viral epitopes derived from IAV M/matrix protein 1 (GILGFVFTL), HIV-1 env (TLTSCNTSV), HIV-1 gag-pol (ILKEPVHGV), HTLV-1 Tax (LLFGYPVYV), HBV C/core antigen (FLPSDFFPS), HCMV UL83/pp65 (NLVPMVATV) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGEA4 (GVYDGREHTV), WT1 (RMFPNAPYL) and CTAG1A/NY-ESO-1 (SLLMWITQC), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and at the C-terminal anchors.[45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] Allele A*03:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (ILRGSVAHK), HIV-1 nef (QVPLRPMTYK), HIV-1 gag-pol (AIFQSSMTK), SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) as well as tumor peptide antigens including PMEL (LIYRRRLMK), NODAL (HAYIQSLLK), TRP-2 (RMYNMVPFF), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and Lys or Arg anchor residues at the C-terminus (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:7679507, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21943705, PubMed:2456340, PubMed:32887977). May also display spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (PubMed:27049119).[62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] Allele A*11:01: Presents several immunodominant epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol and HHV-4 EBNA4, containing the peptide motif with Val, Ile, Thr, Leu, Tyr or Phe at position 2 and Lys anchor residue at the C-terminus. Important in the control of HIV-1, EBV and HBV infections (PubMed:10449296). Presents an immunodominant epitope derived from SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) (PubMed:32887977).[69] [70] Allele A*23:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.[71] Allele A*24:02: Presents viral epitopes derived from HIV-1 nef (RYPLTFGWCF), EBV lytic- and latent-cycle antigens BRLF1 (TYPVLEEMF), BMLF1 (DYNFVKQLF) and LMP2 (IYVLVMLVL), SARS-CoV nucleocapsid/N (QFKDNVILL), as well as tumor peptide antigens including PRAME (LYVDSLFFL), all sharing a common signature motif, namely an aromatic residue Tyr or Phe at position 2 and a nonhydrophobic anchor residue Phe, Leu or Iso at the C-terminus (PubMed:9047241, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:20844028). Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response (PubMed:17182537, PubMed:18502829).[72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] Allele A*26:01: Presents several epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol (EVIPMFSAL, ETKLGKAGY) and env (LVSDGGPNLY), carrying as anchor residues preferentially Glu at position 1, Val or Thr at position 2 and Tyr at the C-terminus.[78] Allele A*29:02: Presents peptides having a common motif, namely a Glu residue at position 2 and Tyr or Leu anchor residues at the C-terminus.[79] Allele A*32:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.[80] Allele A*68:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (KTGGPIYKR) and HIV-1 tat (ITKGLGISYGR), having a common signature motif namely, Val or Thr at position 2 and positively charged residues Arg or Lys at the C-terminal anchor.[81] [82] [83] Allele A*74:01: Presents immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes derived from gag-pol (GQMVHQAISPR, QIYPGIKVR) and rev (RQIHSISER), carrying an aliphatic residue at position 2 and Arg anchor residue at the C-terminus. May contribute to viral load control in chronic HIV-1 infection.[84]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

TCR (T-cell receptor) recognition of antigenic peptides bound and presented by MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules forms the basis of the cellular immune response to pathogens and cancer. TCRs bind peptide-MHC complexes weakly and with fast kinetics, features which have hindered detailed biophysical studies of these interactions. Modified peptides resulting in enhanced TCR binding could help overcome these challenges. Furthermore, there is considerable interest in using modified peptides with enhanced TCR binding as the basis for clinical vaccines. In the present study, we examined how fluorine substitutions in an antigenic peptide can selectively impact TCR recognition. Using a structure-guided design approach, we found that fluorination of the Tax peptide [HTLV (human T-cell lymphotropic virus)-1 Tax(11-19)] enhanced binding by the Tax-specific TCR A6, yet weakened binding by the Tax-specific TCR B7. The changes in affinity were consistent with crystallographic structures and fluorine chemistry, and with the A6 TCR independent of other substitutions in the interface. Peptide fluorination thus provides a means to selectively modulate TCR binding affinity without significantly perturbing peptide composition or structure. Lastly, we probed the mechanism of fluorine's effect on TCR binding and we conclude that our results were most consistent with a 'polar hydrophobicity' mechanism, rather than a purely hydrophobic- or electrostatic-based mechanism. This finding should have an impact on other attempts to alter molecular recognition with fluorine.

Fluorine substitutions in an antigenic peptide selectively modulate T-cell receptor binding in a minimally perturbing manner.,Piepenbrink KH, Borbulevych OY, Sommese RF, Clemens J, Armstrong KM, Desmond C, Do P, Baker BM Biochem J. 2009 Oct 12;423(3):353-61. PMID:19698083[85]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

See Also

References

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  38. ↑ Kumar P, Vahedi-Faridi A, Saenger W, Ziegler A, Uchanska-Ziegler B. Conformational changes within the HLA-A1:MAGE-A1 complex induced by binding of a recombinant antibody fragment with TCR-like specificity. Protein Sci. 2009 Jan;18(1):37-49. PMID:19177349 doi:10.1002/pro.4
  39. ↑ Parmentier N, Stroobant V, Colau D, de Diesbach P, Morel S, Chapiro J, van Endert P, Van den Eynde BJ. Production of an antigenic peptide by insulin-degrading enzyme. Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):449-54. doi: 10.1038/ni.1862. Epub 2010 Apr 4. PMID:20364150 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.1862
  40. ↑ Quinones-Parra S, Grant E, Loh L, Nguyen TH, Campbell KA, Tong SY, Miller A, Doherty PC, Vijaykrishna D, Rossjohn J, Gras S, Kedzierska K. Preexisting CD8+ T-cell immunity to the H7N9 influenza A virus varies across ethnicities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 21;111(3):1049-54. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1322229111. Epub 2014 Jan 6. PMID:24395804 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1322229111
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  44. ↑ DiBrino M, Tsuchida T, Turner RV, Parker KC, Coligan JE, Biddison WE. HLA-A1 and HLA-A3 T cell epitopes derived from influenza virus proteins predicted from peptide binding motifs. J Immunol. 1993 Dec 1;151(11):5930-5. PMID:7504010
  45. ↑ Hillig RC, Coulie PG, Stroobant V, Saenger W, Ziegler A, Hulsmeyer M. High-resolution structure of HLA-A*0201 in complex with a tumour-specific antigenic peptide encoded by the MAGE-A4 gene. J Mol Biol. 2001 Jul 27;310(5):1167-76. PMID:11502003 doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4816
  46. ↑ Nagata Y, Ono S, Matsuo M, Gnjatic S, Valmori D, Ritter G, Garrett W, Old LJ, Mellman I. Differential presentation of a soluble exogenous tumor antigen, NY-ESO-1, by distinct human dendritic cell populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 6;99(16):10629-34. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.112331099. Epub 2002 Jul 23. PMID:12138174 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.112331099
  47. ↑ Stewart-Jones GB, McMichael AJ, Bell JI, Stuart DI, Jones EY. A structural basis for immunodominant human T cell receptor recognition. Nat Immunol. 2003 Jul;4(7):657-63. Epub 2003 Jun 8. PMID:12796775 doi:10.1038/ni942
  48. ↑ Robek MD, Garcia ML, Boyd BS, Chisari FV. Role of immunoproteasome catalytic subunits in the immune response to hepatitis B virus. J Virol. 2007 Jan;81(2):483-91. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01779-06. Epub 2006 Nov 1. PMID:17079320 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01779-06
  49. ↑ Ishizuka J, Stewart-Jones GB, van der Merwe A, Bell JI, McMichael AJ, Jones EY. The structural dynamics and energetics of an immunodominant T cell receptor are programmed by its Vbeta domain. Immunity. 2008 Feb;28(2):171-82. PMID:18275829 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.12.018
  50. ↑ Gras S, Saulquin X, Reiser JB, Debeaupuis E, Echasserieau K, Kissenpfennig A, Legoux F, Chouquet A, Le Gorrec M, Machillot P, Neveu B, Thielens N, Malissen B, Bonneville M, Housset D. Structural bases for the affinity-driven selection of a public TCR against a dominant human cytomegalovirus epitope. J Immunol. 2009 Jul 1;183(1):430-7. PMID:19542454 doi:183/1/430
  51. ↑ Borbulevych OY, Do P, Baker BM. Structures of native and affinity-enhanced WT1 epitopes bound to HLA-A*0201: implications for WT1-based cancer therapeutics. Mol Immunol. 2010 Sep;47(15):2519-24. Epub 2010 Jul 8. PMID:20619457 doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.06.005
  52. ↑ Bulek AM, Cole DK, Skowera A, Dolton G, Gras S, Madura F, Fuller A, Miles JJ, Gostick E, Price DA, Drijfhout JW, Knight RR, Huang GC, Lissin N, Molloy PE, Wooldridge L, Jakobsen BK, Rossjohn J, Peakman M, Rizkallah PJ, Sewell AK. Structural basis for the killing of human beta cells by CD8(+) T cells in type 1 diabetes. Nat Immunol. 2012 Jan 15. doi: 10.1038/ni.2206. PMID:22245737 doi:10.1038/ni.2206
  53. ↑ Tripathi SC, Peters HL, Taguchi A, Katayama H, Wang H, Momin A, Jolly MK, Celiktas M, Rodriguez-Canales J, Liu H, Behrens C, Wistuba II, Ben-Jacob E, Levine H, Molldrem JJ, Hanash SM, Ostrin EJ. Immunoproteasome deficiency is a feature of non-small cell lung cancer with a mesenchymal phenotype and is associated with a poor outcome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Mar 15;113(11):E1555-64. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1521812113. Epub 2016 Feb 29. PMID:26929325 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1521812113
  54. ↑ Salter RD, Norment AM, Chen BP, Clayberger C, Krensky AM, Littman DR, Parham P. Polymorphism in the alpha 3 domain of HLA-A molecules affects binding to CD8. Nature. 1989 Mar 23;338(6213):345-7. doi: 10.1038/338345a0. PMID:2784196 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/338345a0
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  85. ↑ Piepenbrink KH, Borbulevych OY, Sommese RF, Clemens J, Armstrong KM, Desmond C, Do P, Baker BM. Fluorine substitutions in an antigenic peptide selectively modulate T-cell receptor binding in a minimally perturbing manner. Biochem J. 2009 Oct 12;423(3):353-61. PMID:19698083 doi:10.1042/BJ20090732

3d39, resolution 2.81Å

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