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{{STRUCTURE_1fxt|  PDB=1fxt  |  SCENE=  }}
'''STRUCTURE OF A CONJUGATING ENZYME-UBIQUITIN THIOLESTER COMPLEX'''


==STRUCTURE OF A CONJUGATING ENZYME-UBIQUITIN THIOLESTER COMPLEX==
<StructureSection load='1fxt' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1fxt]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1fxt]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae]. The December 2004 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Ubiquitin''  by David S. Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2004_12 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2004_12]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1FXT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1FXT FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1fxt FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1fxt OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1fxt PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1fxt RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1fxt PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1fxt ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UBC1_YEAST UBC1_YEAST] Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Functions in degradation of misfolded or regulated proteins localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen or membrane via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Cognate E2 conjugating enzyme for the HRD1 ubiquitin ligase complex, which is part of the ERAD-L and ERAD-M pathways responsible for the rapid degradation of soluble lumenal and membrane proteins with misfolded lumenal domains (ERAD-L), or ER-membrane proteins with misfolded transmembrane domains (ERAD-M).<ref>PMID:10878801</ref> <ref>PMID:11146622</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/fx/1fxt_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1fxt ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
BACKGROUND: Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are central enzymes involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. During this process, ubiquitin (Ub) and the E2 protein form an unstable E2-Ub thiolester intermediate prior to the transfer of ubiquitin to an E3-ligase protein and the labeling of a substrate for degradation. A series of complex interactions occur among the target substrate, ubiquitin, E2, and E3 in order to efficiently facilitate the transfer of the ubiquitin molecule. However, due to the inherent instability of the E2-Ub thiolester, the structural details of this complex intermediate are not known. RESULTS: A three-dimensional model of the E2-Ub thiolester intermediate has been determined for the catalytic domain of the E2 protein Ubc1 (Ubc1(Delta450)) and ubiquitin from S. cerevisiae. The interface of the E2-Ub intermediate was determined by kinetically monitoring thiolester formation by 1H-(15)N HSQC spectra by using combinations of 15N-labeled and unlabeled Ubc1(Delta450) and Ub proteins. By using the surface interface as a guide and the X-ray structures of Ub and the 1.9 A structure of Ubc1(Delta450) determined here, docking simulations followed by energy minimization were used to produce the first model of a E2-Ub thiolester intermediate. CONCLUSIONS: Complementary surfaces were found on the E2 and Ub proteins whereby the C terminus of Ub wraps around the E2 protein terminating in the thiolester between C88 (Ubc1(Delta450)) and G76 (Ub). The model supports in vivo and in vitro experiments of E2 derivatives carrying surface residue substitutions. Furthermore, the model provides insights into the arrangement of Ub, E2, and E3 within a ternary targeting complex.


==Overview==
Structure of a conjugating enzyme-ubiquitin thiolester intermediate reveals a novel role for the ubiquitin tail.,Hamilton KS, Ellison MJ, Barber KR, Williams RS, Huzil JT, McKenna S, Ptak C, Glover M, Shaw GS Structure. 2001 Oct;9(10):897-904. PMID:11591345<ref>PMID:11591345</ref>
BACKGROUND: Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are central enzymes involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. During this process, ubiquitin (Ub) and the E2 protein form an unstable E2-Ub thiolester intermediate prior to the transfer of ubiquitin to an E3-ligase protein and the labeling of a substrate for degradation. A series of complex interactions occur among the target substrate, ubiquitin, E2, and E3 in order to efficiently facilitate the transfer of the ubiquitin molecule. However, due to the inherent instability of the E2-Ub thiolester, the structural details of this complex intermediate are not known. RESULTS: A three-dimensional model of the E2-Ub thiolester intermediate has been determined for the catalytic domain of the E2 protein Ubc1 (Ubc1(Delta450)) and ubiquitin from S. cerevisiae. The interface of the E2-Ub intermediate was determined by kinetically monitoring thiolester formation by 1H-(15)N HSQC spectra by using combinations of 15N-labeled and unlabeled Ubc1(Delta450) and Ub proteins. By using the surface interface as a guide and the X-ray structures of Ub and the 1.9 A structure of Ubc1(Delta450) determined here, docking simulations followed by energy minimization were used to produce the first model of a E2-Ub thiolester intermediate. CONCLUSIONS: Complementary surfaces were found on the E2 and Ub proteins whereby the C terminus of Ub wraps around the E2 protein terminating in the thiolester between C88 (Ubc1(Delta450)) and G76 (Ub). The model supports in vivo and in vitro experiments of E2 derivatives carrying surface residue substitutions. Furthermore, the model provides insights into the arrangement of Ub, E2, and E3 within a ternary targeting complex.


==About this Structure==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
1FXT is a [[Protein complex]] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae]. The following page contains interesting information on the relation of 1FXT with [[http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/pdb60_1.html Ubiquitin]]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1FXT OCA].
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1fxt" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==Reference==
==See Also==
Structure of a conjugating enzyme-ubiquitin thiolester intermediate reveals a novel role for the ubiquitin tail., Hamilton KS, Ellison MJ, Barber KR, Williams RS, Huzil JT, McKenna S, Ptak C, Glover M, Shaw GS, Structure. 2001 Oct;9(10):897-904. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11591345 11591345]
*[[3D structures of ubiquitin|3D structures of ubiquitin]]
*[[3D structures of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme|3D structures of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Protein complex]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]
[[Category: Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]
[[Category: Ubiquitin]]
[[Category: Ubiquitin]]
[[Category: Ubiquitin--protein ligase]]
[[Category: Ellison MJ]]
[[Category: Ellison, M J.]]
[[Category: Glover M]]
[[Category: Glover, M.]]
[[Category: Hamilton KS]]
[[Category: Hamilton, K S.]]
[[Category: Huzil JT]]
[[Category: Huzil, J T.]]
[[Category: McKenna S]]
[[Category: McKenna, S.]]
[[Category: Ptak C]]
[[Category: Ptak, C.]]
[[Category: Shaw GS]]
[[Category: Shaw, G S.]]
[[Category: Williams RS]]
[[Category: Williams, R S.]]
[[Category: Model of the interaction between yeast ubc1 and ubiquitin after the formation of a covalent thiolester]]
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