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<StructureSection load='2jcc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2jcc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2jcc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2jcc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2jcc]] is a 10 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2JCC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2JCC FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2jcc]] is a 10 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2JCC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2JCC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2jcc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2jcc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2jcc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2jcc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2jcc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2jcc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2jcc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2jcc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2jcc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2jcc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2jcc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2jcc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLAA_HUMAN HLAA_HUMAN] Selection of immunotherapy in solid cancer;Birdshot chorioretinopathy;Prediction of phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity. Alleles A*02:01 and A*24:02 are associated with increased susceptibility to diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (IDDM) (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479, PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618). In a glucose-dependent way, allele A*02:01 may aberrantly present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (ALWGPDPAAA) on the surface of pancreatic beta cells to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells, potentially driving T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic islets (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479). Allele A*24:02 may present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (LWMRLLPLL) and contribute to acute pancreatic beta-cell destruction and early onset of IDDM (PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618).<ref>PMID:16731854</ref> <ref>PMID:18802479</ref> <ref>PMID:22245737</ref> <ref>PMID:22522618</ref>  Allele A*03:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (PubMed:10746785). May contribute to the initiation phase of the disease by presenting myelin PLP1 self-peptide (KLIETYFSK) to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells capable of initiating the first autoimmune attacks (PubMed:18953350).<ref>PMID:10746785</ref> <ref>PMID:18953350</ref>  Allele A*26:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to Behcet disease (BD) in the Northeast Asian population. Especially in the HLA-B*51-negative BD populations, HLA-A*26 is significantly associated with the onset of BD.<ref>PMID:30872678</ref>  Allele A*29:02 is associated with increased susceptibility to birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). May aberrantly present retinal autoantigens and induce autoimmune uveitis.<ref>PMID:1728143</ref>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/1A02_HUMAN 1A02_HUMAN]] Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HLAA_HUMAN HLAA_HUMAN] Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. In complex with B2M/beta 2 microglobulin displays primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides on antigen-presenting cells for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-A-restricted CD8-positive T cells, guiding antigen-specific T cell immune response to eliminate infected or transformed cells (PubMed:2456340, PubMed:2784196, PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:10449296, PubMed:12138174, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:15893615, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21498667, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:7694806, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:28250417). May also present self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of secreted or membrane proteins, although T cells specific for these peptides are usually inactivated to prevent autoreactivity (PubMed:25880248, PubMed:7506728, PubMed:7679507). Both the peptide and the MHC molecule are recognized by TCR, the peptide is responsible for the fine specificity of antigen recognition and MHC residues account for the MHC restriction of T cells (PubMed:12796775, PubMed:18275829, PubMed:19542454, PubMed:28250417). Typically presents intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome or via endopeptidase IDE/insulin-degrading enzyme (PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:17079320, PubMed:26929325, PubMed:27049119). Can bind different peptides containing allele-specific binding motifs, which are mainly defined by anchor residues at position 2 and 9 (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734).<ref>PMID:10449296</ref> <ref>PMID:12138174</ref> <ref>PMID:12393434</ref> <ref>PMID:12796775</ref> <ref>PMID:1402688</ref> <ref>PMID:15893615</ref> <ref>PMID:17079320</ref> <ref>PMID:17189421</ref> <ref>PMID:18275829</ref> <ref>PMID:19542454</ref> <ref>PMID:19543285</ref> <ref>PMID:20364150</ref> <ref>PMID:21498667</ref> <ref>PMID:24192765</ref> <ref>PMID:24395804</ref> <ref>PMID:2456340</ref> <ref>PMID:25880248</ref> <ref>PMID:26929325</ref> <ref>PMID:27049119</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref> <ref>PMID:28250417</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref> <ref>PMID:7506728</ref> <ref>PMID:7679507</ref> <ref>PMID:7694806</ref> <ref>PMID:9862734</ref>  Allele A*01:01: Presents a restricted peptide repertoire including viral epitopes derived from IAV NP/nucleoprotein (CTELKLSDY), IAV PB1/polymerase basic protein 1 (VSDGGPNLY), HAdV-11 capsid L3/hexon protein (LTDLGQNLLY), SARS-CoV-2 3a/ORF3a (FTSDYYQLY) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGE1 (EADPTGHSY), MAGEA3 (EVDPIGHLY) and WT1 (TSEKRPFMCAY), all having in common a canonical motif with a negatively charged Asp or Glu residue at position 3 and a Tyr anchor residue at the C-terminus (PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:25880248, PubMed:30530481, PubMed:19177349, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:26758806, PubMed:32887977). A number of HLA-A*01:01-restricted peptides carry a post-translational modification with oxidation and N-terminal acetylation being the most frequent (PubMed:25880248). Fails to present highly immunogenic peptides from the EBV latent antigens (PubMed:18779413).<ref>PMID:1402688</ref> <ref>PMID:17189421</ref> <ref>PMID:18779413</ref> <ref>PMID:19177349</ref> <ref>PMID:20364150</ref> <ref>PMID:24395804</ref> <ref>PMID:25880248</ref> <ref>PMID:26758806</ref> <ref>PMID:30530481</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref>  Allele A*02:01: A major allele in human populations, presents immunodominant viral epitopes derived from IAV M/matrix protein 1 (GILGFVFTL), HIV-1 env (TLTSCNTSV), HIV-1 gag-pol (ILKEPVHGV), HTLV-1 Tax (LLFGYPVYV), HBV C/core antigen (FLPSDFFPS), HCMV UL83/pp65 (NLVPMVATV) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGEA4 (GVYDGREHTV), WT1 (RMFPNAPYL) and CTAG1A/NY-ESO-1 (SLLMWITQC), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and at the C-terminal anchors.<ref>PMID:11502003</ref> <ref>PMID:12138174</ref> <ref>PMID:12796775</ref> <ref>PMID:17079320</ref> <ref>PMID:18275829</ref> <ref>PMID:19542454</ref> <ref>PMID:20619457</ref> <ref>PMID:22245737</ref> <ref>PMID:26929325</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref> <ref>PMID:28250417</ref> <ref>PMID:7694806</ref> <ref>PMID:7935798</ref> <ref>PMID:8630735</ref> <ref>PMID:8805302</ref> <ref>PMID:8906788</ref> <ref>PMID:9177355</ref>  Allele A*03:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (ILRGSVAHK), HIV-1 nef (QVPLRPMTYK), HIV-1 gag-pol (AIFQSSMTK), SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) as well as tumor peptide antigens including PMEL (LIYRRRLMK), NODAL (HAYIQSLLK), TRP-2 (RMYNMVPFF), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and Lys or Arg anchor residues at the C-terminus (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:7679507, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21943705, PubMed:2456340, PubMed:32887977). May also display spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (PubMed:27049119).<ref>PMID:19543285</ref> <ref>PMID:21943705</ref> <ref>PMID:2456340</ref> <ref>PMID:27049119</ref> <ref>PMID:7504010</ref> <ref>PMID:7679507</ref> <ref>PMID:9862734</ref>  Allele A*11:01: Presents several immunodominant epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol and HHV-4 EBNA4, containing the peptide motif with Val, Ile, Thr, Leu, Tyr or Phe at position 2 and Lys anchor residue at the C-terminus. Important in the control of HIV-1, EBV and HBV infections (PubMed:10449296). Presents an immunodominant epitope derived from SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) (PubMed:32887977).<ref>PMID:10449296</ref> <ref>PMID:32887977</ref>  Allele A*23:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.<ref>PMID:17182537</ref>  Allele A*24:02: Presents viral epitopes derived from HIV-1 nef (RYPLTFGWCF), EBV lytic- and latent-cycle antigens BRLF1 (TYPVLEEMF), BMLF1 (DYNFVKQLF) and LMP2 (IYVLVMLVL), SARS-CoV nucleocapsid/N (QFKDNVILL), as well as tumor peptide antigens including PRAME (LYVDSLFFL), all sharing a common signature motif, namely an aromatic residue Tyr or Phe at position 2 and a nonhydrophobic anchor residue Phe, Leu or Iso at the C-terminus (PubMed:9047241, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:20844028). Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response (PubMed:17182537, PubMed:18502829).<ref>PMID:12393434</ref> <ref>PMID:17182537</ref> <ref>PMID:18502829</ref> <ref>PMID:20844028</ref> <ref>PMID:24192765</ref> <ref>PMID:9047241</ref>  Allele A*26:01: Presents several epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol (EVIPMFSAL, ETKLGKAGY) and env (LVSDGGPNLY), carrying as anchor residues preferentially Glu at position 1, Val or Thr at position 2 and Tyr at the C-terminus.<ref>PMID:15893615</ref>  Allele A*29:02: Presents peptides having a common motif, namely a Glu residue at position 2 and Tyr or Leu anchor residues at the C-terminus.<ref>PMID:8622959</ref>  Allele A*32:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.<ref>PMID:17182537</ref>  Allele A*68:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (KTGGPIYKR) and HIV-1 tat (ITKGLGISYGR), having a common signature motif namely, Val or Thr at position 2 and positively charged residues Arg or Lys at the C-terminal anchor.<ref>PMID:1448153</ref> <ref>PMID:1448154</ref> <ref>PMID:2784196</ref>  Allele A*74:01: Presents immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes derived from gag-pol (GQMVHQAISPR, QIYPGIKVR) and rev (RQIHSISER), carrying an aliphatic residue at position 2 and Arg anchor residue at the C-terminus. May contribute to viral load control in chronic HIV-1 infection.<ref>PMID:21498667</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Line 32: Line 35:
*[[Heat Shock Protein structures|Heat Shock Protein structures]]
*[[Heat Shock Protein structures|Heat Shock Protein structures]]
*[[MHC 3D structures|MHC 3D structures]]
*[[MHC 3D structures|MHC 3D structures]]
*[[MHC I 3D structures|MHC I 3D structures]]
*[[T-cell receptor 3D structures|T-cell receptor 3D structures]]
*[[T-cell receptor 3D structures|T-cell receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
Line 37: Line 41:
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Benhar, Y P]]
[[Category: Benhar YP]]
[[Category: Biddison, W]]
[[Category: Biddison W]]
[[Category: Collins, E J]]
[[Category: Collins EJ]]
[[Category: Miller, P]]
[[Category: Miller P]]
[[Category: Class i mhc-tcr co-crystal]]
[[Category: Glycoprotein]]
[[Category: Host-virus interaction]]
[[Category: Hypothetical protein]]
[[Category: Immune response]]
[[Category: Immune system]]
[[Category: Immunoglobulin domain]]
[[Category: Imunoregulatory complex]]
[[Category: Membrane]]
[[Category: Mhc i]]
[[Category: Polymorphism]]
[[Category: Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid]]
[[Category: Receptor]]
[[Category: Transmembrane]]
[[Category: Ubl conjugation]]

Latest revision as of 17:42, 13 December 2023

AH3 recognition of mutant HLA-A2 W167AAH3 recognition of mutant HLA-A2 W167A

Structural highlights

2jcc is a 10 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens and Mus musculus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.5Å
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

HLAA_HUMAN Selection of immunotherapy in solid cancer;Birdshot chorioretinopathy;Prediction of phenytoin or carbamazepine toxicity. Alleles A*02:01 and A*24:02 are associated with increased susceptibility to diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent (IDDM) (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479, PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618). In a glucose-dependent way, allele A*02:01 may aberrantly present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (ALWGPDPAAA) on the surface of pancreatic beta cells to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells, potentially driving T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic islets (PubMed:22245737, PubMed:18802479). Allele A*24:02 may present the signal peptide of preproinsulin (LWMRLLPLL) and contribute to acute pancreatic beta-cell destruction and early onset of IDDM (PubMed:16731854, PubMed:22522618).[1] [2] [3] [4] Allele A*03:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (PubMed:10746785). May contribute to the initiation phase of the disease by presenting myelin PLP1 self-peptide (KLIETYFSK) to autoreactive CD8-positive T cells capable of initiating the first autoimmune attacks (PubMed:18953350).[5] [6] Allele A*26:01 is associated with increased susceptibility to Behcet disease (BD) in the Northeast Asian population. Especially in the HLA-B*51-negative BD populations, HLA-A*26 is significantly associated with the onset of BD.[7] Allele A*29:02 is associated with increased susceptibility to birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). May aberrantly present retinal autoantigens and induce autoimmune uveitis.[8]

Function

HLAA_HUMAN Antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. In complex with B2M/beta 2 microglobulin displays primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides on antigen-presenting cells for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-A-restricted CD8-positive T cells, guiding antigen-specific T cell immune response to eliminate infected or transformed cells (PubMed:2456340, PubMed:2784196, PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:10449296, PubMed:12138174, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:15893615, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21498667, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:7694806, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:28250417). May also present self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of secreted or membrane proteins, although T cells specific for these peptides are usually inactivated to prevent autoreactivity (PubMed:25880248, PubMed:7506728, PubMed:7679507). Both the peptide and the MHC molecule are recognized by TCR, the peptide is responsible for the fine specificity of antigen recognition and MHC residues account for the MHC restriction of T cells (PubMed:12796775, PubMed:18275829, PubMed:19542454, PubMed:28250417). Typically presents intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome or via endopeptidase IDE/insulin-degrading enzyme (PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:17079320, PubMed:26929325, PubMed:27049119). Can bind different peptides containing allele-specific binding motifs, which are mainly defined by anchor residues at position 2 and 9 (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:9862734).[9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] Allele A*01:01: Presents a restricted peptide repertoire including viral epitopes derived from IAV NP/nucleoprotein (CTELKLSDY), IAV PB1/polymerase basic protein 1 (VSDGGPNLY), HAdV-11 capsid L3/hexon protein (LTDLGQNLLY), SARS-CoV-2 3a/ORF3a (FTSDYYQLY) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGE1 (EADPTGHSY), MAGEA3 (EVDPIGHLY) and WT1 (TSEKRPFMCAY), all having in common a canonical motif with a negatively charged Asp or Glu residue at position 3 and a Tyr anchor residue at the C-terminus (PubMed:1402688, PubMed:7504010, PubMed:17189421, PubMed:20364150, PubMed:25880248, PubMed:30530481, PubMed:19177349, PubMed:24395804, PubMed:26758806, PubMed:32887977). A number of HLA-A*01:01-restricted peptides carry a post-translational modification with oxidation and N-terminal acetylation being the most frequent (PubMed:25880248). Fails to present highly immunogenic peptides from the EBV latent antigens (PubMed:18779413).[35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] Allele A*02:01: A major allele in human populations, presents immunodominant viral epitopes derived from IAV M/matrix protein 1 (GILGFVFTL), HIV-1 env (TLTSCNTSV), HIV-1 gag-pol (ILKEPVHGV), HTLV-1 Tax (LLFGYPVYV), HBV C/core antigen (FLPSDFFPS), HCMV UL83/pp65 (NLVPMVATV) as well as tumor peptide antigens including MAGEA4 (GVYDGREHTV), WT1 (RMFPNAPYL) and CTAG1A/NY-ESO-1 (SLLMWITQC), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and at the C-terminal anchors.[45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] Allele A*03:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (ILRGSVAHK), HIV-1 nef (QVPLRPMTYK), HIV-1 gag-pol (AIFQSSMTK), SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) as well as tumor peptide antigens including PMEL (LIYRRRLMK), NODAL (HAYIQSLLK), TRP-2 (RMYNMVPFF), all having in common hydrophobic amino acids at position 2 and Lys or Arg anchor residues at the C-terminus (PubMed:7504010, PubMed:7679507, PubMed:9862734, PubMed:19543285, PubMed:21943705, PubMed:2456340, PubMed:32887977). May also display spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (PubMed:27049119).[62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] Allele A*11:01: Presents several immunodominant epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol and HHV-4 EBNA4, containing the peptide motif with Val, Ile, Thr, Leu, Tyr or Phe at position 2 and Lys anchor residue at the C-terminus. Important in the control of HIV-1, EBV and HBV infections (PubMed:10449296). Presents an immunodominant epitope derived from SARS-CoV-2 N/nucleoprotein (KTFPPTEPK) (PubMed:32887977).[69] [70] Allele A*23:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.[71] Allele A*24:02: Presents viral epitopes derived from HIV-1 nef (RYPLTFGWCF), EBV lytic- and latent-cycle antigens BRLF1 (TYPVLEEMF), BMLF1 (DYNFVKQLF) and LMP2 (IYVLVMLVL), SARS-CoV nucleocapsid/N (QFKDNVILL), as well as tumor peptide antigens including PRAME (LYVDSLFFL), all sharing a common signature motif, namely an aromatic residue Tyr or Phe at position 2 and a nonhydrophobic anchor residue Phe, Leu or Iso at the C-terminus (PubMed:9047241, PubMed:12393434, PubMed:24192765, PubMed:20844028). Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response (PubMed:17182537, PubMed:18502829).[72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] Allele A*26:01: Presents several epitopes derived from HIV-1 gag-pol (EVIPMFSAL, ETKLGKAGY) and env (LVSDGGPNLY), carrying as anchor residues preferentially Glu at position 1, Val or Thr at position 2 and Tyr at the C-terminus.[78] Allele A*29:02: Presents peptides having a common motif, namely a Glu residue at position 2 and Tyr or Leu anchor residues at the C-terminus.[79] Allele A*32:01: Interacts with natural killer (NK) cell receptor KIR3DL1 and may contribute to functional maturation of NK cells and self-nonself discrimination during innate immune response.[80] Allele A*68:01: Presents viral epitopes derived from IAV NP (KTGGPIYKR) and HIV-1 tat (ITKGLGISYGR), having a common signature motif namely, Val or Thr at position 2 and positively charged residues Arg or Lys at the C-terminal anchor.[81] [82] [83] Allele A*74:01: Presents immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes derived from gag-pol (GQMVHQAISPR, QIYPGIKVR) and rev (RQIHSISER), carrying an aliphatic residue at position 2 and Arg anchor residue at the C-terminus. May contribute to viral load control in chronic HIV-1 infection.[84]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The keystone of the adaptive immune response is T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of peptide presented by major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules. The crystal structure of AHIII TCR bound to MHC, HLA-A2, showed a large interface with an atypical binding orientation. MHC mutations in the interface of the proteins were tested for changes in TCR recognition. From the range of responses observed, three representative HLA-A2 mutants, T163A, W167A, and K66A, were selected for further study. Binding constants and co-crystal structures of the AHIII TCR and the three mutants were determined. K66 in HLA-A2 makes contacts with both peptide and TCR, and has been identified as a critical residue for recognition by numerous TCR. The K66A mutation resulted in the lowest AHIII T cell response and the lowest binding affinity, which suggests that the T cell response may correlate with affinity. Importantly, the K66A mutation does not affect the conformation of the peptide. The change in affinity appears to be due to a loss in hydrogen bonds in the interface as a result of a conformational change in the TCR complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) loop. Isothermal titration calorimetry confirmed the loss of hydrogen bonding by a large loss in enthalpy. Our findings are inconsistent with the notion that the CDR1 and CDR2 loops of the TCR are responsible for MHC restriction, while the CDR3 loops interact solely with the peptide. Instead, we present here an MHC mutation that does not change the conformation of the peptide, yet results in an altered conformation of a CDR3.

Single MHC mutation eliminates enthalpy associated with T cell receptor binding.,Miller PJ, Pazy Y, Conti B, Riddle D, Appella E, Collins EJ J Mol Biol. 2007 Oct 19;373(2):315-27. Epub 2007 Jul 26. PMID:17825839[85]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Nakanishi K, Inoko H. Combination of HLA-A24, -DQA1*03, and -DR9 contributes to acute-onset and early complete beta-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes: longitudinal study of residual beta-cell function. Diabetes. 2006 Jun;55(6):1862-8. doi: 10.2337/db05-1049. PMID:16731854 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db05-1049
  2. ↑ Skowera A, Ellis RJ, Varela-Calvino R, Arif S, Huang GC, Van-Krinks C, Zaremba A, Rackham C, Allen JS, Tree TI, Zhao M, Dayan CM, Sewell AK, Unger WW, Drijfhout JW, Ossendorp F, Roep BO, Peakman M. CTLs are targeted to kill beta cells in patients with type 1 diabetes through recognition of a glucose-regulated preproinsulin epitope. J Clin Invest. 2008 Oct;118(10):3390-402. doi: 10.1172/JCI35449. PMID:18802479 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI35449
  3. ↑ Bulek AM, Cole DK, Skowera A, Dolton G, Gras S, Madura F, Fuller A, Miles JJ, Gostick E, Price DA, Drijfhout JW, Knight RR, Huang GC, Lissin N, Molloy PE, Wooldridge L, Jakobsen BK, Rossjohn J, Peakman M, Rizkallah PJ, Sewell AK. Structural basis for the killing of human beta cells by CD8(+) T cells in type 1 diabetes. Nat Immunol. 2012 Jan 15. doi: 10.1038/ni.2206. PMID:22245737 doi:10.1038/ni.2206
  4. ↑ Kronenberg D, Knight RR, Estorninho M, Ellis RJ, Kester MG, de Ru A, Eichmann M, Huang GC, Powrie J, Dayan CM, Skowera A, van Veelen PA, Peakman M. Circulating preproinsulin signal peptide-specific CD8 T cells restricted by the susceptibility molecule HLA-A24 are expanded at onset of type 1 diabetes and kill beta-cells. Diabetes. 2012 Jul;61(7):1752-9. doi: 10.2337/db11-1520. Epub 2012 Apr 20. PMID:22522618 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db11-1520
  5. ↑ Fogdell-Hahn A, Ligers A, Gronning M, Hillert J, Olerup O. Multiple sclerosis: a modifying influence of HLA class I genes in an HLA class II associated autoimmune disease. Tissue Antigens. 2000 Feb;55(2):140-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550205.x. PMID:10746785 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550205.x
  6. ↑ Friese MA, Jakobsen KB, Friis L, Etzensperger R, Craner MJ, McMahon RM, Jensen LT, Huygelen V, Jones EY, Bell JI, Fugger L. Opposing effects of HLA class I molecules in tuning autoreactive CD8+ T cells in multiple sclerosis. Nat Med. 2008 Nov;14(11):1227-35. doi: 10.1038/nm.1881. Epub 2008 Oct 26. PMID:18953350 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.1881
  7. ↑ Nakamura J, Meguro A, Ishii G, Mihara T, Takeuchi M, Mizuki Y, Yuda K, Yamane T, Kawagoe T, Ota M, Mizuki N. The association analysis between HLA-A*26 and Behcet's disease. Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 14;9(1):4426. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40824-y. PMID:30872678 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40824-y
  8. ↑ LeHoang P, Ozdemir N, Benhamou A, Tabary T, Edelson C, Betuel H, Semiglia R, Cohen JH. HLA-A29.2 subtype associated with birdshot retinochoroidopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Jan 15;113(1):33-5. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75749-6. PMID:1728143 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75749-6
  9. ↑ Fukada K, Chujoh Y, Tomiyama H, Miwa K, Kaneko Y, Oka S, Takiguchi M. HLA-A*1101-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of HIV-1 Pol protein. AIDS. 1999 Jul 30;13(11):1413-4. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199907300-00021. PMID:10449296 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199907300-00021
  10. ↑ Nagata Y, Ono S, Matsuo M, Gnjatic S, Valmori D, Ritter G, Garrett W, Old LJ, Mellman I. Differential presentation of a soluble exogenous tumor antigen, NY-ESO-1, by distinct human dendritic cell populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 6;99(16):10629-34. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.112331099. Epub 2002 Jul 23. PMID:12138174 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.112331099
  11. ↑ Kuzushima K, Hayashi N, Kudoh A, Akatsuka Y, Tsujimura K, Morishima Y, Tsurumi T. Tetramer-assisted identification and characterization of epitopes recognized by HLA A*2402-restricted Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD8+ T cells. Blood. 2003 Feb 15;101(4):1460-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1240. Epub 2002 Sep , 26. PMID:12393434 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-04-1240
  12. ↑ Stewart-Jones GB, McMichael AJ, Bell JI, Stuart DI, Jones EY. A structural basis for immunodominant human T cell receptor recognition. Nat Immunol. 2003 Jul;4(7):657-63. Epub 2003 Jun 8. PMID:12796775 doi:10.1038/ni942
  13. ↑ Traversari C, van der Bruggen P, Luescher IF, Lurquin C, Chomez P, Van Pel A, De Plaen E, Amar-Costesec A, Boon T. A nonapeptide encoded by human gene MAGE-1 is recognized on HLA-A1 by cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against tumor antigen MZ2-E. J Exp Med. 1992 Nov 1;176(5):1453-7. doi: 10.1084/jem.176.5.1453. PMID:1402688 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.5.1453
  14. ↑ Satoh M, Takamiya Y, Oka S, Tokunaga K, Takiguchi M. Identification and characterization of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell epitopes presented by HLA-A*2601. Vaccine. 2005 May 31;23(29):3783-90. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.022. Epub, 2005 Mar 17. PMID:15893615 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.022
  15. ↑ Robek MD, Garcia ML, Boyd BS, Chisari FV. Role of immunoproteasome catalytic subunits in the immune response to hepatitis B virus. J Virol. 2007 Jan;81(2):483-91. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01779-06. Epub 2006 Nov 1. PMID:17079320 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01779-06
  16. ↑ Asemissen AM, Keilholz U, Tenzer S, Muller M, Walter S, Stevanovic S, Schild H, Letsch A, Thiel E, Rammensee HG, Scheibenbogen C. Identification of a highly immunogenic HLA-A*01-binding T cell epitope of WT1. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;12(24):7476-82. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1337. PMID:17189421 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1337
  17. ↑ Ishizuka J, Stewart-Jones GB, van der Merwe A, Bell JI, McMichael AJ, Jones EY. The structural dynamics and energetics of an immunodominant T cell receptor are programmed by its Vbeta domain. Immunity. 2008 Feb;28(2):171-82. PMID:18275829 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.12.018
  18. ↑ Gras S, Saulquin X, Reiser JB, Debeaupuis E, Echasserieau K, Kissenpfennig A, Legoux F, Chouquet A, Le Gorrec M, Machillot P, Neveu B, Thielens N, Malissen B, Bonneville M, Housset D. Structural bases for the affinity-driven selection of a public TCR against a dominant human cytomegalovirus epitope. J Immunol. 2009 Jul 1;183(1):430-7. PMID:19542454 doi:183/1/430
  19. ↑ Hadrup SR, Bakker AH, Shu CJ, Andersen RS, van Veluw J, Hombrink P, Castermans E, Thor Straten P, Blank C, Haanen JB, Heemskerk MH, Schumacher TN. Parallel detection of antigen-specific T-cell responses by multidimensional encoding of MHC multimers. Nat Methods. 2009 Jul;6(7):520-6. doi: 10.1038/nmeth.1345. Epub 2009 Jun 21. PMID:19543285 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1345
  20. ↑ Parmentier N, Stroobant V, Colau D, de Diesbach P, Morel S, Chapiro J, van Endert P, Van den Eynde BJ. Production of an antigenic peptide by insulin-degrading enzyme. Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):449-54. doi: 10.1038/ni.1862. Epub 2010 Apr 4. PMID:20364150 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.1862
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  22. ↑ Shimizu A, Kawana-Tachikawa A, Yamagata A, Han C, Zhu D, Sato Y, Nakamura H, Koibuchi T, Carlson J, Martin E, Brumme CJ, Shi Y, Gao GF, Brumme ZL, Fukai S, Iwamoto A. Structure of TCR and antigen complexes at an immunodominant CTL epitope in HIV-1 infection. Sci Rep. 2013 Nov 6;3:3097. doi: 10.1038/srep03097. PMID:24192765 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03097
  23. ↑ Quinones-Parra S, Grant E, Loh L, Nguyen TH, Campbell KA, Tong SY, Miller A, Doherty PC, Vijaykrishna D, Rossjohn J, Gras S, Kedzierska K. Preexisting CD8+ T-cell immunity to the H7N9 influenza A virus varies across ethnicities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 21;111(3):1049-54. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1322229111. Epub 2014 Jan 6. PMID:24395804 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1322229111
  24. ↑ Jelachich ML, Cowan EP, Turner RV, Coligan JE, Biddison WE. Analysis of the molecular basis of HLA-A3 recognition by cytotoxic T cells using defined mutants of the HLA-A3 molecule. J Immunol. 1988 Aug 15;141(4):1108-13. PMID:2456340
  25. ↑ Giam K, Ayala-Perez R, Illing PT, Schittenhelm RB, Croft NP, Purcell AW, Dudek NL. A comprehensive analysis of peptides presented by HLA-A1. Tissue Antigens. 2015 Jun;85(6):492-6. doi: 10.1111/tan.12565. Epub 2015 Apr 16. PMID:25880248 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tan.12565
  26. ↑ Tripathi SC, Peters HL, Taguchi A, Katayama H, Wang H, Momin A, Jolly MK, Celiktas M, Rodriguez-Canales J, Liu H, Behrens C, Wistuba II, Ben-Jacob E, Levine H, Molldrem JJ, Hanash SM, Ostrin EJ. Immunoproteasome deficiency is a feature of non-small cell lung cancer with a mesenchymal phenotype and is associated with a poor outcome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Mar 15;113(11):E1555-64. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1521812113. Epub 2016 Feb 29. PMID:26929325 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1521812113
  27. ↑ Ebstein F, Textoris-Taube K, Keller C, Golnik R, Vigneron N, Van den Eynde BJ, Schuler-Thurner B, Schadendorf D, Lorenz FK, Uckert W, Urban S, Lehmann A, Albrecht-Koepke N, Janek K, Henklein P, Niewienda A, Kloetzel PM, Mishto M. Proteasomes generate spliced epitopes by two different mechanisms and as efficiently as non-spliced epitopes. Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 6;6:24032. doi: 10.1038/srep24032. PMID:27049119 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep24032
  28. ↑ Salter RD, Norment AM, Chen BP, Clayberger C, Krensky AM, Littman DR, Parham P. Polymorphism in the alpha 3 domain of HLA-A molecules affects binding to CD8. Nature. 1989 Mar 23;338(6213):345-7. doi: 10.1038/338345a0. PMID:2784196 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/338345a0
  29. ↑ Song I, Gil A, Mishra R, Ghersi D, Selin LK, Stern LJ. Broad TCR repertoire and diverse structural solutions for recognition of an immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2017 Feb 27. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.3383. PMID:28250417 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3383
  30. ↑ DiBrino M, Tsuchida T, Turner RV, Parker KC, Coligan JE, Biddison WE. HLA-A1 and HLA-A3 T cell epitopes derived from influenza virus proteins predicted from peptide binding motifs. J Immunol. 1993 Dec 1;151(11):5930-5. PMID:7504010
  31. ↑ DiBrino M, Parker KC, Shiloach J, Turner RV, Tsuchida T, Garfield M, Biddison WE, Coligan JE. Endogenous peptides with distinct amino acid anchor residue motifs bind to HLA-A1 and HLA-B8. J Immunol. 1994 Jan 15;152(2):620-31. PMID:7506728
  32. ↑ DiBrino M, Parker KC, Shiloach J, Knierman M, Lukszo J, Turner RV, Biddison WE, Coligan JE. Endogenous peptides bound to HLA-A3 possess a specific combination of anchor residues that permit identification of potential antigenic peptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Feb 15;90(4):1508-12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.4.1508. PMID:7679507 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.4.1508
  33. ↑ Madden DR, Garboczi DN, Wiley DC. The antigenic identity of peptide-MHC complexes: a comparison of the conformations of five viral peptides presented by HLA-A2. Cell. 1993 Nov 19;75(4):693-708. PMID:7694806
  34. ↑ Kawakami Y, Robbins PF, Wang X, Tupesis JP, Parkhurst MR, Kang X, Sakaguchi K, Appella E, Rosenberg SA. Identification of new melanoma epitopes on melanosomal proteins recognized by tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes restricted by HLA-A1, -A2, and -A3 alleles. J Immunol. 1998 Dec 15;161(12):6985-92. PMID:9862734
  35. ↑ Traversari C, van der Bruggen P, Luescher IF, Lurquin C, Chomez P, Van Pel A, De Plaen E, Amar-Costesec A, Boon T. A nonapeptide encoded by human gene MAGE-1 is recognized on HLA-A1 by cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against tumor antigen MZ2-E. J Exp Med. 1992 Nov 1;176(5):1453-7. doi: 10.1084/jem.176.5.1453. PMID:1402688 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.5.1453
  36. ↑ Asemissen AM, Keilholz U, Tenzer S, Muller M, Walter S, Stevanovic S, Schild H, Letsch A, Thiel E, Rammensee HG, Scheibenbogen C. Identification of a highly immunogenic HLA-A*01-binding T cell epitope of WT1. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;12(24):7476-82. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1337. PMID:17189421 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1337
  37. ↑ Brennan RM, Burrows SR. A mechanism for the HLA-A*01-associated risk for EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis. Blood. 2008 Sep 15;112(6):2589-90. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-06-162883. PMID:18779413 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-06-162883
  38. ↑ Kumar P, Vahedi-Faridi A, Saenger W, Ziegler A, Uchanska-Ziegler B. Conformational changes within the HLA-A1:MAGE-A1 complex induced by binding of a recombinant antibody fragment with TCR-like specificity. Protein Sci. 2009 Jan;18(1):37-49. PMID:19177349 doi:10.1002/pro.4
  39. ↑ Parmentier N, Stroobant V, Colau D, de Diesbach P, Morel S, Chapiro J, van Endert P, Van den Eynde BJ. Production of an antigenic peptide by insulin-degrading enzyme. Nat Immunol. 2010 May;11(5):449-54. doi: 10.1038/ni.1862. Epub 2010 Apr 4. PMID:20364150 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.1862
  40. ↑ Quinones-Parra S, Grant E, Loh L, Nguyen TH, Campbell KA, Tong SY, Miller A, Doherty PC, Vijaykrishna D, Rossjohn J, Gras S, Kedzierska K. Preexisting CD8+ T-cell immunity to the H7N9 influenza A virus varies across ethnicities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 21;111(3):1049-54. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1322229111. Epub 2014 Jan 6. PMID:24395804 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1322229111
  41. ↑ Giam K, Ayala-Perez R, Illing PT, Schittenhelm RB, Croft NP, Purcell AW, Dudek NL. A comprehensive analysis of peptides presented by HLA-A1. Tissue Antigens. 2015 Jun;85(6):492-6. doi: 10.1111/tan.12565. Epub 2015 Apr 16. PMID:25880248 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tan.12565
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  48. ↑ Robek MD, Garcia ML, Boyd BS, Chisari FV. Role of immunoproteasome catalytic subunits in the immune response to hepatitis B virus. J Virol. 2007 Jan;81(2):483-91. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01779-06. Epub 2006 Nov 1. PMID:17079320 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01779-06
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  51. ↑ Borbulevych OY, Do P, Baker BM. Structures of native and affinity-enhanced WT1 epitopes bound to HLA-A*0201: implications for WT1-based cancer therapeutics. Mol Immunol. 2010 Sep;47(15):2519-24. Epub 2010 Jul 8. PMID:20619457 doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.06.005
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  65. ↑ Ebstein F, Textoris-Taube K, Keller C, Golnik R, Vigneron N, Van den Eynde BJ, Schuler-Thurner B, Schadendorf D, Lorenz FK, Uckert W, Urban S, Lehmann A, Albrecht-Koepke N, Janek K, Henklein P, Niewienda A, Kloetzel PM, Mishto M. Proteasomes generate spliced epitopes by two different mechanisms and as efficiently as non-spliced epitopes. Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 6;6:24032. doi: 10.1038/srep24032. PMID:27049119 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep24032
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  74. ↑ Stern M, Ruggeri L, Capanni M, Mancusi A, Velardi A. Human leukocyte antigens A23, A24, and A32 but not A25 are ligands for KIR3DL1. Blood. 2008 Aug 1;112(3):708-10. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-02-137521. Epub 2008 May, 23. PMID:18502829 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-02-137521
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  81. ↑ Guo HC, Jardetzky TS, Garrett TP, Lane WS, Strominger JL, Wiley DC. Different length peptides bind to HLA-Aw68 similarly at their ends but bulge out in the middle. Nature. 1992 Nov 26;360(6402):364-6. PMID:1448153 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/360364a0
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  84. ↑ Matthews PC, Adland E, Listgarten J, Leslie A, Mkhwanazi N, Carlson JM, Harndahl M, Stryhn A, Payne RP, Ogwu A, Huang KH, Frater J, Paioni P, Kloverpris H, Jooste P, Goedhals D, van Vuuren C, Steyn D, Riddell L, Chen F, Luzzi G, Balachandran T, Ndung'u T, Buus S, Carrington M, Shapiro R, Heckerman D, Goulder PJ. HLA-A*7401-mediated control of HIV viremia is independent of its linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B*5703. J Immunol. 2011 May 15;186(10):5675-86. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003711. Epub 2011 , Apr 15. PMID:21498667 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1003711
  85. ↑ Miller PJ, Pazy Y, Conti B, Riddle D, Appella E, Collins EJ. Single MHC mutation eliminates enthalpy associated with T cell receptor binding. J Mol Biol. 2007 Oct 19;373(2):315-27. Epub 2007 Jul 26. PMID:17825839 doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.07.028

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