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<StructureSection load='1l4z' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1l4z]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1l4z' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1l4z]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1l4z]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"streptococcus_equisimilis"_frost_and_engelbrecht_1936_(human_strains) "streptococcus equisimilis" frost and engelbrecht 1936 (human strains)] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1L4Z OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1L4Z FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1l4z]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_dysgalactiae_subsp._equisimilis Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1L4Z OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1L4Z FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CD:CADMIUM+ION'>CD</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.8&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1l4d|1l4d]], [[1bml|1bml]], [[1ddj|1ddj]], [[1qrz|1qrz]], [[1bui|1bui]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CD:CADMIUM+ION'>CD</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmin Plasmin], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.21.7 3.4.21.7] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1l4z FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1l4z OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1l4z PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1l4z RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1l4z PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1l4z ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1l4z FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1l4z OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1l4z PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1l4z RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1l4z PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1l4z ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLMN_HUMAN PLMN_HUMAN]] Defects in PLG are the cause of plasminogen deficiency (PLGD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/217090 217090]]. PLGD is characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa.<ref>PMID:1986355</ref> <ref>PMID:8392398</ref> <ref>PMID:6216475</ref> <ref>PMID:6238949</ref> <ref>PMID:1427790</ref> <ref>PMID:9242524</ref> <ref>PMID:9858247</ref> <ref>PMID:10233898</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLMN_HUMAN PLMN_HUMAN] Defects in PLG are the cause of plasminogen deficiency (PLGD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/217090 217090]. PLGD is characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa.<ref>PMID:1986355</ref> <ref>PMID:8392398</ref> <ref>PMID:6216475</ref> <ref>PMID:6238949</ref> <ref>PMID:1427790</ref> <ref>PMID:9242524</ref> <ref>PMID:9858247</ref> <ref>PMID:10233898</ref>  
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLMN_HUMAN PLMN_HUMAN]] Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells.<ref>PMID:14699093</ref>  Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo.<ref>PMID:14699093</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/STRP_STREQ STRP_STREQ]] This protein is not a protease, but it activates plasminogen by complexing with it. As a potential virulence factor, it is thought to prevent the formation of effective fibrin barriers around the site of infection, thereby contributing to the invasiveness of the cells.
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLMN_HUMAN PLMN_HUMAN] Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells.<ref>PMID:14699093</ref>  Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo.<ref>PMID:14699093</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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   <jmolCheckbox>
   <jmolCheckbox>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/l4/1l4z_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/l4/1l4z_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
   </jmolCheckbox>
   </jmolCheckbox>
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Plasmin]]
[[Category: Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis]]
[[Category: Loy, J A]]
[[Category: Loy JA]]
[[Category: Tang, J]]
[[Category: Tang J]]
[[Category: Terzyan, S]]
[[Category: Terzyan S]]
[[Category: Wakeham, N]]
[[Category: Wakeham N]]
[[Category: Zhai, P]]
[[Category: Zhai P]]
[[Category: Zhang, X C]]
[[Category: Zhang XC]]
[[Category: Hydrolase-blood clotting complex]]
[[Category: Plasminogen]]
[[Category: Protein complex]]
[[Category: Streptokinase]]

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