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==DNA-BINDING DOMAIN OF E2 FROM HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS-31, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE==
==DNA-BINDING DOMAIN OF E2 FROM HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS-31, NMR, MINIMIZED AVERAGE STRUCTURE==
<StructureSection load='1dhm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1dhm]], [[NMR_Ensembles_of_Models | 1 NMR models]]' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1dhm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1dhm]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1dhm]] is a 2 chain structure. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1DHM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1DHM FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1dhm]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_31 Human papillomavirus 31]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1DHM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1DHM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1dhm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1dhm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1dhm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1dhm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1dhm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1dhm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1dhm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1dhm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1dhm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1dhm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1dhm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1dhm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VE2_HPV31 VE2_HPV31]] E2 regulates viral transcription and DNA replication. It binds to the E2RE response element (5'-ACCNNNNNNGGT-3') present in multiple copies in the regulatory region. It can either activate or repress transcription depending on E2RE's position with regards to proximal promoter elements. Repression occurs by sterically hindering the assembly of the transcription initiation complex. The E1-E2 complex binds to the origin of DNA replication.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VE2_HPV31 VE2_HPV31] E2 regulates viral transcription and DNA replication. It binds to the E2RE response element (5'-ACCNNNNNNGGT-3') present in multiple copies in the regulatory region. It can either activate or repress transcription depending on E2RE's position with regards to proximal promoter elements. Repression occurs by sterically hindering the assembly of the transcription initiation complex. The E1-E2 complex binds to the origin of DNA replication.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1dhm ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1dhm ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The three-dimensional structure of the DNA-binding domain of the E2 protein from human papillomavirus-31 was determined by using multidimensional heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A total of 1429 NMR-derived distance and dihedral angle restraints were obtained for each of the 83-residue subunits of this symmetric dimer. The average root mean square deviations of 20 structures calculated using a distance geometry-simulated annealing protocol are 0.59 and 0.90 angstroms for the backbone and all heavy atoms, respectively, for residues 2-83. The structure of the human virus protein free in solution consists of an eight-stranded beta-barrel and two pairs of alpha-helices. Although the overall fold of the protein is similar to the crystal structure of the bovine papillomavirus-1 E2 protein when complexed to DNA, several small but interesting differences were observed between these two structures at the subunit interface. In addition, a beta-hairpin that contacts DNA in the crystal structure of the protein-DNA complex is disordered in the NMR structures, and steady-state 1H-15N heteronuclear NOE measurements indicate that this region is highly mobile in the absence of DNA. The recognition helix also appears to be flexible, as evidenced by fast amide exchange rates. This phenomenon has also been observed for a number of other DNA-binding proteins and may constitute a common theme in protein/DNA recognition.
Solution structure of the DNA-binding domain of a human papillomavirus E2 protein: evidence for flexible DNA-binding regions.,Liang H, Petros AM, Meadows RP, Yoon HS, Egan DA, Walter K, Holzman TF, Robins T, Fesik SW Biochemistry. 1996 Feb 20;35(7):2095-103. PMID:8652551<ref>PMID:8652551</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1dhm" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Regulatory protein E2|Regulatory protein E2]]
*[[Regulatory protein E2|Regulatory protein E2]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human papillomavirus 31]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Egan, D A]]
[[Category: Egan DA]]
[[Category: Fesik, S W]]
[[Category: Fesik SW]]
[[Category: Holzman, T F]]
[[Category: Holzman TF]]
[[Category: Liang, H]]
[[Category: Liang H]]
[[Category: Meadows, R P]]
[[Category: Meadows RP]]
[[Category: Petros, A P]]
[[Category: Petros AP]]
[[Category: Robins, T]]
[[Category: Robins T]]
[[Category: Walter, K]]
[[Category: Walter K]]
[[Category: Yoon, H S]]
[[Category: Yoon HS]]
[[Category: Dna-binding protein]]
[[Category: Early protein]]
[[Category: Trans-acting factor]]
[[Category: Transcriptional activator]]

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