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==REFINED 1.8 ANGSTROMS STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALDOSE REDUCTASE COMPLEXED WITH THE POTENT INHIBITOR ZOPOLRESTAT==
==REFINED 1.8 ANGSTROMS STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALDOSE REDUCTASE COMPLEXED WITH THE POTENT INHIBITOR ZOPOLRESTAT==
<StructureSection load='1mar' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1mar]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1mar' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1mar]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1mar]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1MAR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1MAR FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1mar]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1MAR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1MAR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAP:NADP+NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NAP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZST:3,4-DIHYDRO-4-OXO-3-((5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-2-BENZOTHIAZOLYL)METHYL)-1-PHTHALAZINE+ACETIC+ACID'>ZST</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.8&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde_reductase Aldehyde reductase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.1.1.21 1.1.1.21] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAP:NADP+NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NAP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZST:3,4-DIHYDRO-4-OXO-3-((5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-2-BENZOTHIAZOLYL)METHYL)-1-PHTHALAZINE+ACETIC+ACID'>ZST</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1mar FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1mar OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1mar PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1mar RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1mar PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1mar ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1mar FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1mar OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1mar PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1mar RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1mar PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1mar ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ALDR_HUMAN ALDR_HUMAN]] Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols with a broad range of catalytic efficiencies.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ALDR_HUMAN ALDR_HUMAN] Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols with a broad range of catalytic efficiencies.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
Check<jmol>
   <jmolCheckbox>
   <jmolCheckbox>
     <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ma/1mar_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ma/1mar_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1mar ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1mar ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
As the action of aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) is believed to be linked to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications affecting the nervous, renal, and visual systems, the development of therapeutic agents has attracted intense effort. We report the refined 1.8 A x-ray structure of the human holoenzyme complexed with zopolrestat, one of the most potent noncompetitive inhibitors. The zopolrestat fits snugly in the hydrophobic active site pocket and induces a hinge-flap motion of two peptide segments that closes the pocket. Excellent complementarity and affinity are achieved on inhibitor binding by the formation of 110 contacts (&lt; or = 4 A) with 15 residues (10 hydrophobic), 13 with the NADPH coenzyme and 9 with four water molecules. The structure is key to understanding the mode of action of this class of inhibitors and for rational design of better therapeutics.


Refined 1.8 A structure of human aldose reductase complexed with the potent inhibitor zopolrestat.,Wilson DK, Tarle I, Petrash JM, Quiocho FA Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 1;90(21):9847-51. PMID:8234324<ref>PMID:8234324</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Aldose reductase 3D structures|Aldose reductase 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1mar" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aldehyde reductase]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Quiocho, F A]]
[[Category: Quiocho FA]]
[[Category: Wilson, D K]]
[[Category: Wilson DK]]

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