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[[Image:1hju.jpg|left|200px]]


{{Structure
==Structure of two fungal beta-1,4-galactanases: searching for the basis for temperature and pH optimum.==
|PDB= 1hju |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>1hju</scene>, resolution 2.15&Aring;
<StructureSection load='1hju' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hju]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.15&Aring;' scene=''>
|SITE= <scene name='pdbsite=AC1:Peg+Binding+Site+For+Chain+D'>AC1</scene>
== Structural highlights ==
|LIGAND= <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PEG:DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER'>PEG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TRS:2-AMINO-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-PROPANE-1,3-DIOL'>TRS</scene>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hju]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermothelomyces_thermophilus Thermothelomyces thermophilus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HJU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HJU FirstGlance]. <br>
|ACTIVITY= <span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabinogalactan_endo-1,4-beta-galactosidase Arabinogalactan endo-1,4-beta-galactosidase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.89 3.2.1.89] </span>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.15&#8491;</td></tr>
|GENE=
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PEG:DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER'>PEG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TRS:2-AMINO-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-PROPANE-1,3-DIOL'>TRS</scene></td></tr>
|DOMAIN=
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hju FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hju OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1hju PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hju RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hju PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hju ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
|RELATEDENTRY=
</table>
|RESOURCES=<span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hju FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hju OCA], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hju PDBsum], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hju RCSB]</span>
== Function ==
}}
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GANA_THETO GANA_THETO]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hj/1hju_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hju ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>


'''STRUCTURE OF TWO FUNGAL BETA-1,4-GALACTANASES: SEARCHING FOR THE BASIS FOR TEMPERATURE AND PH OPTIMUM.'''
==See Also==
 
*[[Beta-1%2C4-galactanase|Beta-1%2C4-galactanase]]
 
__TOC__
==Overview==
</StructureSection>
beta-1,4-Galactanases hydrolyze the galactan side chains that are part of the complex carbohydrate structure of the pectin. They are assigned to family 53 of the glycoside hydrolases and display significant variations in their pH and temperature optimum and stability. Two fungal beta-1,4-galactanases from Myceliophthora thermophila and Humicola insolens have been cloned and heterologously expressed, and the crystal structures of the gene products were determined. The structures are compared to the previously only known family 53 structure of the galactanase from Aspergillus aculeatus (AAGAL) showing approximately 56% identity. The M. thermophila and H. insolens galactanases are thermophilic enzymes and are most active at neutral to basic pH, whereas AAGAL is mesophilic and most active at acidic pH. The structure of the M. thermophila galactanase (MTGAL) was determined from crystals obtained with HEPES and TRIS buffers to 1.88 A and 2.14 A resolution, respectively. The structure of the H. insolens galactanase (HIGAL) was determined to 2.55 A resolution. The thermostability of MTGAL and HIGAL correlates with increase in the protein rigidity and electrostatic interactions, stabilization of the alpha-helices, and a tighter packing. An inspection of the active sites in the three enzymes identifies several amino acid substitutions that could explain the variation in pH optimum. Examination of the activity as a function of pH for the D182N mutant of AAGAL and the A90S/ H91D mutant of MTGAL showed that the difference in pH optimum between AAGAL and MTGAL is at least partially associated with differences in the nature of residues at positions 182, 90, and/or 91.
[[Category: Large Structures]]
 
[[Category: Thermothelomyces thermophilus]]
==About this Structure==
[[Category: Borchert TV]]
1HJU is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corynascus_heterothallicus Corynascus heterothallicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HJU OCA].
[[Category: Christensen LLH]]
 
[[Category: Larsen S]]
==Reference==
[[Category: Le Nours J]]
Structure of two fungal beta-1,4-galactanases: searching for the basis for temperature and pH optimum., Le Nours J, Ryttersgaard C, Lo Leggio L, Ostergaard PR, Borchert TV, Christensen LL, Larsen S, Protein Sci. 2003 Jun;12(6):1195-204. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12761390 12761390]
[[Category: Lo Leggio L]]
[[Category: Arabinogalactan endo-1,4-beta-galactosidase]]
[[Category: Ostergaard PR]]
[[Category: Corynascus heterothallicus]]
[[Category: Ryttersgaard C]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Borchert, T V.]]
[[Category: Christensen, L L.H.]]
[[Category: Larsen, S.]]
[[Category: Leggio, L Lo.]]
[[Category: Nours, J Le.]]
[[Category: Ostergaard, P R.]]
[[Category: Ryttersgaard, C.]]
[[Category: 4-galactanase]]
[[Category: alkalophile]]
[[Category: beta-1]]
[[Category: clan gh-a]]
[[Category: family 53 glycoside hydrolase]]
[[Category: hydrolase]]
[[Category: ph optimum]]
[[Category: thermophile]]
[[Category: thermostability]]
 
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