Lipids: structure and classification: Difference between revisions

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[[es:Lipids: structure and classification (spanish)]]
[[es:Lipids: structure and classification (Spanish)]]
<StructureSection load='Insert PDB code or filename here' size='800' side='right' caption='' scene='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/1'>
<StructureSection load='Insert PDB code or filename here' size='500' side='right' caption='' scene='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/1'>
:'''Lipids'''.
:'''Lipids'''.
*'''Fatty acids'''.-
*'''Fatty acids'''.-
**<scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/6'>Palmitic acid</scene>, a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid. Look its <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/3'>carboxyle group</scene>, an its  <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/5'>long hydrocarbon chain</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/6'>Palmitic acid</scene>, a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid. Notice its <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/3'>carboxyl group</scene>, and its  <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/5'>long hydrocarbon chain</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Oleico/1'>Oleic acid</scene>, a ''monounsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. Most monounsaturated natural fatty acids are <scene name='60/603296/Oleico/2'>cis-unsaturated</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Oleico/1'>Oleic acid</scene>, a ''monounsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. Most monounsaturated natural fatty acids are <scene name='60/603296/Oleico/2'>cis-unsaturated</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/1'>Linoleic acid</scene>, a ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. con <scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/2'>two double bounds</scene> with ''cis'' configuration.
**<scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/1'>Linoleic acid</scene>, a ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. This fatty acid has <scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/2'>two double bounds</scene> with ''cis'' configuration.
**<scene name='60/603296/Linolenico/2'>Linolenic acid</scene>, another  ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid with <scene name='60/603296/Linolenico/4'>three double bounds</scene>
**<scene name='60/603296/Linolenico/2'>Linolenic acid</scene>, another  ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid with <scene name='60/603296/Linolenico/4'>three double bounds</scene>
*'''Saponifiables lipids'''.-  
*'''Saponifiable lipids'''.-  
**<scene name='60/603296/Triglicerido/1'>Triglycerides</scene>.- Zoom on <scene name='60/603296/Triglicerido/6'>triglyceride structure</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Triglicerido/1'>Triglycerides</scene>.- Zoom on <scene name='60/603296/Triglicerido/6'>triglyceride structure</scene>.
**'''Waxes'''.- for instance <scene name='72/721496/Cera/1'>bee wax</scene>.
**'''Waxes'''.- for instance <scene name='72/721496/Cera/1'>bee wax</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/2'>Phosphoglycerides</scene>.- lipids composed of <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/3'>glycerol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/4'>two fatty acids</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/6'>phosphoric acid</scene> and a polar compound like  <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/7'>ethanolamine</scene>.
**<scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/2'>Phosphoglycerides</scene>.- lipids composed of <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/3'>glycerol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/4'>two fatty acids</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/6'>phosphoric acid</scene> and a polar compound like  <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/7'>ethanolamine</scene>.
**'''Sphingolipids'''.- all o them include in their structure the ''amino alcohol'' <scene name='72/721496/Esfingosina/1'>sphingosine</scene>. Sphingosine bind to a fatty acid to yield <scene name='60/603296/Ceramida/1'>ceramide</scene>, the common structural feature of all sphingolipids.
**'''Sphingolipids'''.- all of them include in their structure the ''amino alcohol'' <scene name='72/721496/Esfingosina/1'>sphingosine</scene>. Sphingosine bind to a fatty acid to yield <scene name='60/603296/Ceramida/1'>ceramide</scene>, the common structural feature of all sphingolipids.
*'''Unsaponifiable lipids'''.-
*'''Unsaponifiable lipids'''.-
**'''Terpenes'''.- they are polymers of the 5 carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon named <scene name='60/603296/Isopreno/2'>isopreno</scene> (2-methyl-1,3 butadiene). Some terpenes are <scene name='60/603296/Bcaroten/2'>beta-carotene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Licopeno/1'>lycopene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Geraniol/2'>geraniol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Resveratrol/1'>resveratrol</scene>, and <scene name='60/603296/Thc/1'>tetrahydrocannabinol</scene>.
**'''Terpenes'''.- they are polymers of the 5 carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon named <scene name='60/603296/Isopreno/2'>isoprene</scene> (2-methyl-1,3 butadiene). Some terpenes are <scene name='60/603296/Bcaroten/2'>beta-carotene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Licopeno/1'>lycopene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Geraniol/2'>geraniol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Resveratrol/1'>resveratrol</scene>, and <scene name='60/603296/Thc/1'>tetrahydrocannabinol</scene>.
**'''Steroids'''.- Some steroids are <scene name='60/603296/Colesterol/1'>cholesterol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Testosterona/1'>testosterone</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Estradiol/1'>estradiol</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Vitaminad/1'>vitamin D</scene> is also a steroid.
**'''Steroids'''.- Some steroids are <scene name='60/603296/Colesterol/1'>cholesterol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Testosterona/1'>testosterone</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Estradiol/1'>estradiol</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Vitaminad/1'>vitamin D</scene> is also a steroid.
**'''Eicosanoids'''.- They are derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acid named <scene name='72/721496/Araquidonico/1'>arachidonic acid</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Prostaglandinas/2'>Prostaglandins</scene> are a class of eicosanoids.  
**'''Eicosanoids'''.- They are derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acid named <scene name='72/721496/Araquidonico/1'>arachidonic acid</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Prostaglandinas/2'>Prostaglandins</scene> are a class of eicosanoids.  


</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
==See Also==
* [[Lipids: structure and classification (spanish)|Lípidos: estructura y clasificación]]
* [[Gramicidin Channel in Lipid Bilayer]] / [[Canal de gramicidina en bicapa lipídica (Spanish)]]
* [http://www.umass.edu/microbio/chime/javahelp.htm?img=an_bilw.gif&title=Lipid_Bilayers_and_Membrane_Channel&url=biomodel.uah.es/en/model2/bilayer/inicio.htm&status=both& Lipid bilayers and gramicidin channel] includes models of gel and liquid forms of bilayers. / [http://biomodel.uah.es/model2/bicapa/inicio.htm Modelo de bicapa lipídica y canal de gramicidina]
== References ==
== References ==
*Molecular models in this page were created  or modified from ''pdb'' files by [[User:Alejandro Porto|Alejandro Porto]] using the tool JSME Molecular Editor [http://biomodel.uah.es/en/DIY/JSME/draw.es.htm]
*Molecular models in this page were created  or modified from [[PDB files]] by [[User:Alejandro Porto|Alejandro Porto]] using the tool JSME Molecular Editor [http://biomodel.uah.es/en/DIY/JSME/draw.es.htm]
<references/>
<references/>

Latest revision as of 14:09, 19 October 2020

Lipids.
  • Fatty acids.-
    • , a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid. Notice its , and its .
    • , a monounsaturated 18 carbon fatty acid. Most monounsaturated natural fatty acids are .
    • , a polyunsaturated 18 carbon fatty acid. This fatty acid has with cis configuration.
    • , another polyunsaturated 18 carbon fatty acid with
  • Saponifiable lipids.-
    • .- Zoom on .
    • Waxes.- for instance .
    • .- lipids composed of , , and a polar compound like .
    • Sphingolipids.- all of them include in their structure the amino alcohol . Sphingosine bind to a fatty acid to yield , the common structural feature of all sphingolipids.
  • Unsaponifiable lipids.-
    • Terpenes.- they are polymers of the 5 carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon named (2-methyl-1,3 butadiene). Some terpenes are , , , , and .
    • Steroids.- Some steroids are , and . is also a steroid.
    • Eicosanoids.- They are derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acid named . are a class of eicosanoids.


Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

See AlsoSee Also

ReferencesReferences

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Alejandro Porto, Eric Martz, Joel L. Sussman, Karsten Theis
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