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<StructureSection load='3cp5' size='350' side='right' scene='Cytochrome_c/Cyt_c/1' caption='Cytochrome c with heme complex with sulfate (PDB code [[3cp5]])'>
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='Cytochrome_c/Cyt_c/1' caption='Cytochrome c with heme complex with sulfate (PDB code [[3cp5]])'>
The '''cytochrome ''c''''' (cyt ''c'') proteins are a superfamily belonging to the class of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-α_proteins all-α proteins], which are denoted as such by having an α-helical core. Each protein in this superfamily also contains one or more covalently-bound [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme heme prosthetic groups].<ref>PMID:11697912</ref><ref name=main /> The cyt ''c'' superfamily contains many different families, some of which are better characterized than others. These families include monodomain and multi-domain C-type cytochromes, such as [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/1etp cyt c4], a diheme C-type cytochrome, and [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2ozy NrfB], a pentaheme C-type cytochrome. In particular, the monoheme cyt ''c'' from ''Rhodothermus marinus'' has been previously studied and provides an excellent example of how some protein characteristics and structures can be extremely diverse, yet conserved, through evolution.<br />  For details on decaheme cyt see [[MtrF]].<br />  For details on Cyt c7 see [[Cytochrome c 7]].
The '''cytochrome ''c''''' (cyt ''c'') proteins are a superfamily belonging to the class of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-α_proteins all-α proteins], which are denoted as such by having an α-helical core. Each protein in this superfamily also contains one or more covalently-bound [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme heme prosthetic groups].<ref>PMID:11697912</ref><ref name=main /> The cyt ''c'' superfamily contains many different families, some of which are better characterized than others. These families include monodomain and multi-domain C-type cytochromes, such as [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/1etp cyt c4], a diheme C-type cytochrome, and [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2ozy NrfB], a pentaheme C-type cytochrome. In particular, the monoheme cyt ''c'' from ''Rhodothermus marinus'' has been previously studied and provides an excellent example of how some protein characteristics and structures can be extremely diverse, yet conserved, through evolution.<br />  For details on decaheme cyt see [[MtrF]].<br />
 
Cytochromes c549, c550, c553, c554, c555, c556, c557, c558, c562 are named after their optical absorption band length.
 
*'''Cytochrome c2''' transfers electron from the reduced heme to the bacteriochlorophyl in the reaction centre<ref> PMID 15977062</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c3''' is specific to anaerobic metabolism in sulphate-reducing bacteria<ref> PMID 12885397</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c4''' is a dihaem cytochrome<ref> PMID 9032080</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c7''' is a tri-haem cytochrome<ref> PMID 15133162</ref>. For details on Cyt c7 see [[Cytochrome c 7]].
*'''Cytochrome c550''' is a component of the PSII complex of cyanobacteria<ref> PMID 22289879</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c553''' is the primary electron donor of the heliobacteria reaction centre<ref> PMID 24557489</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c554''' is a tetra-haem cytochrome involved in the oxidation of ammonia<ref> PMID 11372197</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c555''' is a cytochrome from a primitive anaerobic green sulphur bacteria<ref> PMID 202947</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c557''' and '''cytochrome c558''' are mitochondrial and contain atypical harm-binding sitei<ref> PMID 242319</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome cL''' is found in methylotrops.  It receives an electron from PQQ cofactor of methanol dehydrogenase to produce formaldehyde<ref> PMID 32627749</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome cd1''' icatalyzes the reduction of NO2 to NO and water.
*'''Cytochrome cH''' is the electron donor to the oxidase in methylotrophs<ref> PMID 10386873</ref>.
*'''Cytochrome c XoxG''' is a cytochrome from the lanthanide-dependent methanol dehydrogenase system of methylothrophic bacteria<ref> PMID 31017712</ref>.
See also [[Cytochrome C -Adis]], [[Hemeproteins]], [[Cytochrome C (Hebrew)]], [[Cytochrome C (arabic)]].


== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
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<scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_335/Heme/1'>'Figure 1. The heme group of monoheme cytochrome ''c'' purified from ''Rhodothermus marinus''</scene>
<scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_335/Heme/1'>'Figure 1. The heme group of monoheme cytochrome ''c'' purified from ''Rhodothermus marinus''</scene>


All members in the C-type cytochrome superfamily contain a heme prosthetic group that is covalently attached to the protein via two thioether bonds to cysteine residues. Most cytochromes ''c'' occur in a <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_335/Motif/1'>CXXCH motif</scene> where the histidine residue is one of the two axial ligands of the heme iron.<ref name=main>PMID:18855424</ref><ref name=heme /> In monoheme cytochromes ''c'', the other axial position may be left vacant or be occupied by histidine or methionine residues; however, it can sometimes be occupied by cysteine or lysine residues.<ref name=main />. In ''Rm''cyt''c'', XX represents a threonine (Thr46) and an alanine residue (Ala47) that help form the loop 2 structure.
All members in the C-type cytochrome superfamily contain a heme prosthetic group that is covalently attached to the protein via two thioether bonds to cysteine residues. Most cytochromes ''c'' occur in a where the histidine residue is one of the two axial ligands of the heme iron.<ref name=main>PMID:18855424</ref><ref name=heme /> In monoheme cytochromes ''c'', the other axial position may be left vacant or be occupied by histidine or methionine residues; however, it can sometimes be occupied by cysteine or lysine residues.<ref name=main />. In ''Rm''cyt''c'', XX represents a threonine (Thr46) and an alanine residue (Ala47) that help form the loop 2 structure.


[[Image:heme.gif |frame|left| Figure 2. The tetrapyrrolic heme prosthetic group that can either be covalently attached to or closely associated with various proteins, such as cytochromes and other globin proteins. In ''Rm''cyt''c'', R2 is an ethyl group covalently attached to Cys 45, and R3 is a methyl group covalently attached to Cys48.]]
[[Image:heme.gif |frame|left| Figure 2. The tetrapyrrolic heme prosthetic group that can either be covalently attached to or closely associated with various proteins, such as cytochromes and other globin proteins. In ''Rm''cyt''c'', R2 is an ethyl group covalently attached to Cys 45, and R3 is a methyl group covalently attached to Cys48.]]
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* <scene name='69/696899/Cv/14'>Click here to see morph of this scene</scene>.
* <scene name='69/696899/Cv/14'>Click here to see morph of this scene</scene>.
Only a proximal 5-coordinate NO adduct, confirmed by structural data, is observed with no detectable hexacoordinate distal NO adduct.
Only a proximal 5-coordinate NO adduct, confirmed by structural data, is observed with no detectable hexacoordinate distal NO adduct.
</StructureSection>


==3D structures of cytochrome C==
==3D structures of cytochrome C==
[[Cytochrome C 3D structures]]


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
</StructureSection>
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
 
*Cytochrome C
 
**[[3nwv]], [[3zoo]] – hCyt (mutant) – human<BR />
**[[3zcf]] – hCyt<br />
**[[1j3s]] – hCyt - NMR<BR />
**[[3nbs]], [[3nbt]], [[1crc]], [[1hrc]], [[3o1y]], [[3o20]], [[3wc8]], [[3wui]], [[4rsz]] – hoCyt – horse<BR />
**[[1lc1]], [[1lc2]], [[1m60]], [[1giw]], [[2giw]], [[1akk]], [[2frc]], [[1ocd]] – hoCyt – NMR<BR />
**[[1fi9]], [[1fi7]] - hoCyt + imidazole – NMR<BR />
**[[1u75]] - hoCyt + Cyt peroxidase<BR />
**[[1wej]] – hoCyt + Fab fragment<BR />
**[[3a9f]] – CtCyt C-terminal – ''Chlorobaculum tepidum''<BR />
**[[3cp5]] – Cyt residues 29-152 – ''Rhodothermus marinus''<BR />
**[[2jti]], [[3tyi]] – yCyt (mutant) + Cyt peroxidase – yeast<BR />
**[[2pcb]] - yCyt + Cyt peroxidase<BR />
**[[2gb8]] - yCyt + Cyt peroxidase - NMR<BR />
**[[2jqr]] - yCyt (mutant) + adrenodoxin<BR />
**[[2orl]] - yCyt (mutant) – NMR<BR />
**[[1crg]], [[1crh]], [[1cri]], [[1crj]], [[ 2ycc]] - yCyt<BR />
**[[1ytc]], [[1cie]], [[1cif]], [[1cig]], [[1cih]], [[1csu]], [[1csv]], [[1csw]], [[1csx]], [[1chh]], [[1chi]], [[1chj]], [[1cty]], [[1ctz]] - yCyt (mutant)<br />
**[[1rap]], [[1raq]], [[1ycc]]- yCyt iso-1<BR />
**[[1yic]] – yCyt iso-1 – NMR<BR />
**[[1irv]], [[1irw]], [[1lms]], [[4mu8]], [[4n0k]] – yCyt iso-1 (mutant) <BR />
**[[2hv4]], [[2lir]], [[2lit]], [[2mhm]] - yCyt iso-1 (mutant) - NMR<br />
**[[1fhb]] - yCyt iso-1 (mutant) + CN - NMR<BR />
**[[1nmi]] – yCyt iso-1 + imidazole<BR />
**[[2b0z]], [[2b10]], [[2b11]], [[2b12]], [[1u74]], [[1s6v]], [[2bcn]] – yCyt iso-1 (mutant) + Cyt peroxidase<BR />
**[[2pcc]] – yCyt iso-1 + Cyt peroxidase<BR />
**[[1yea]], [[1yeb]] – yCyt iso-2<BR />
**[[2e84]] – DvCyt – ''Desulfovibrio vulgaris''<BR />
**[[2j7a]] – DvCyt catalytic + electron donor subunits<BR />
**[[2oz1]] – RsuCyt – ''Rhodovulum sulfidophilum''<BR />
**[[1h31]], [[1h32]], [[1h33]] – RsuCyt diheme<br />
**[[2aiu]] – Cyt – mouse<BR />
**[[2fw5]], [[2fwt]] – RsCyt diheme residues 1-139 - ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides''<BR />
**[[1dw0]], [[1dw3]] - RsCyt diheme residues 1-112<BR />
**[[1dw1]], [[1dw2]] - RsCyt diheme residues 1-112 + small molecule<BR />
**[[1ogy]] - RsCyt diheme residues 25-154 + nitrate reductase catalytic subunit<BR />
**[[2a3m]], [[2a3p]] – DdCyt tetraheme membrane-bound subunit - ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans''<BR />
**[[1h21]] - DdCyt di-heme<BR />
**[[1ofw]], [[1ofy]], [[1duw]], [[19hc]] - DdCyt nine-heme<BR />
**[[1oah]] - DdCyt<BR />
**[[2b4z]] – bCyt – bovine<BR />
**[[1lfm]], [[1i55]], [[3cyt]], [[1i54]], [[1i5t]] -  Cyt – tuna<BR />
**[[1fs7]], [[1fs8]], [[1fs9]] – WsCyt + small molecule – ''Wolinella succinogenes''<BR />
**[[1dxr]] – RvCyt in photosynthetic reaction center – ''Rhodopseudomonas viridis''<BR />
**[[1qdb]] – Cyt – ''Sulfurospirillum deleyianum''<BR />
**[[5cyt]] – Cyt - albacore<br />
**[[2ccy]] – Cyt – ''Phaeospirillum molischianum''<br />
**[[4dy9]] – Cyt – ''Leishmania major''<br />
**[[3u99]] – Cyt diheme – ''Shewanella baltica''<br />
**[[3j2t]] – Cyt + apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 – bovine – Cryo EM<br />
 
*Cytochrome C’
 
**[[2xl6]], [[2xld]], [[2xle]], [[2xlo]], [[2xlv]], [[2xlw]] – AxCyt (mutant) + NO – ''Achromobacter xylosoxidans''<BR />
**[[1cgn]], [[1cgo]], [[2ykz]], [[3zqv]], [[2yli]], [[4cda]], [[4cdv]], [[4cdy]], [[4cip]], [[4cjo]], [[4wgy]], [[4wgz]] - AxCyt<BR />
**[[2xm0]], [[2xm4]], [[2xl8]], [[2xlh]], [[2yl0]], [[2yl7]], [[3ztm]] - AxCyt (mutant) <BR />
**[[2yl1]], [[2yl3]], [[2ylg]], [[3zqy]], [[3ztz]] - AxCyt (mutant) + CO<br />
**[[2yld]], [[3zwi]] - AxCyt + CO<br />
**[[2xlm]], [[4cjg]] - AxCyt + NO<BR />
**[[2j9b]], [[2j8w]] – Cyt – ''Rubrivivax gelatinosus''<BR />
**[[1gqa]] – RsCyt<BR />
**[[1mqv]], [[1a7v]] – RpCyt – ''Rhodopseudomonas palustris''<BR />
**[[1eky]] – RcCyt]] - ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' – NMR<BR />
**[[1cpr]], [[1cpq]], [[1rcp]] – RcCyt<BR />
**[[1nbb]] – RcCyt + cyanide<BR />
**[[1e83]], [[1e84]], [[1e85]], [[1e86]] – Cyt - ''Alcaligenes xylosoxidans''<BR />
**[[1jaf]] – Cyt – ''Rhodocyclus gelatinosus''<BR />
**[[1bbh]] – Cyt – ''Allochromatium vinosum''<br />
**[[3vcr]] - CtCyt<br />
**[[3vrc]] – Cyt – ''Thermochromatium tepidum''<br />
**[[4cx9]] - Cyt – ''Shewanella frigidimarina''<br />
**[[4ulv]] - Cyt + NO – ''Shewanella frigidimarina''<br />
 
*Cytochrome C’’
 
**[[1oae]], [[1gu2]] – MmCyt – ''Methylophilus methylotrophus''<BR />
**[[1e8e]] – MmCyt - NMR<BR />
 
*Cytochrome C1
 
**[[3cx5]], [[3cxh]] – yCyt in complex III<BR />
**[[2ibz]] - yCyt in complex III + inhibitor<BR />
**[[1kyo]] - yCyt in Bc1 complex<BR />
**[[1kb9]] – yCyt in Bc1 complex residues 17-368<BR />
**[[1ezv]] - yCyt in Bc1 complex + antibody FV fragment<BR />
**[[3h1h]], [[1bcc]] - cCyt in Bc1 complex – chicken<BR />
**[[3h1i]], [[2bcc]], [[3bcc]] - cCyt in Bc1 complex + inhibitor<BR />
**[[2qjk]], [[2qjp]], [[2qjy]] – RsCyt in Bc1 complex + inhibitor<BR />
**[[2fyn]] - RsCyt in Bc1 complex (mutant) <BR />
**[[1l0n]], [[1be3]], [[1bgy]], [[1qcr]] – bCyt in Bc1 complex<BR />
**[[2fyu]] - bCyt in Bc1 complex (mutant) + inhibitor<BR />
**[[1sqp]], [[1sqq]], [[1sqv]], [[1sqx]], [[2a06]], [[1sqb]], [[1pp9]], [[1ppj]], [[1ntk]], [[1ntm]], [[1p84]], [[1l0l]] - bCyt in Bc1 complex + inhibitor<BR />
**[[1ntz]], [[1nu1]] - bCyt in Bc1 complex + substrate<BR />
**[[1zrt]] - RcCyt in Bc1 complex + inhibitor<br />
**[[2yiu]] - PdCyt in Bc1 complex – ''Paracoccus denitrificans''
 
*Cytochrome C2
 
**[[1c2r]] - RcCyt<BR />
**[[1vyd]] – RcCyt (mutant) <BR />
**[[1c2n]] – RcCyt - NMR<BR />
**[[1l9b]], [[1l9j]] – RsCyt in photosynthetic reaction center<BR />
**[[2cxb]], [[1cxc]], [[1cxa]] - RsCyt<BR />
**[[1jdl]] – Cyt – ''Rhodospirillum centenum''<BR />
**[[2c2c]], [[3c2c]] – Cyt – ''Rhodospirillum rubrum''<BR />
**[[1i8o]], [[1hh7]], [[1fj0]], [[1i8p]] – RpCyt<BR />
**[[1hro]] – Cyt – ''Rhodopila globiformis''<BR />
**[[1cot]] – PdCyt - ''Paracoccus denitrificans''<BR />
**[[1cry]] - RvCyt<br />
**[[1co6]], [[1io3]] – BvCyt - ''Blastochloris viridis''
 
*Cytochrome C3
 
**[[2ksu]], [[1up9]], [[1upd]], [[1gmb]], [[1gm4]], [[1i77]], [[3cyr]] – DdCyt<BR />
**[[2kmy]] – DdCyt – NMR<BR />
**[[2k3v]] – Cyt – ''Shewanella frigidimarina''<BR />
**[[1m1p]], [[1m1r]], [[1m1q]] - SoCyt tetraheme – ''Shewanella oneidensis''<BR />
**[[3pmq]] - SoCyt decaheme<br />
**[[1it1]] – DvCyt<br />
**[[2bpn]] – DvCyt fragment - NMR<br />
**[[1j0o]], [[2cth]], [[2cdv]] - DvCyt tetraheme<BR />
**[[2z47]], [[2yyw]], [[2yyx]], [[2yxc]], [[2ffn]], [[2ewi]], [[2ewk]], [[2ewu]], [[1wr5]], [[1j0p]], [[1mdv]], [[2cym]] – DvCyt tetraheme (mutant) <BR />
**[[1gx7]] – DvCyt + hydrogenase<BR />
**[[1gyo]], [[1wad]], [[1qn0]], [[1qn1]] - DgCyt di-tetraheme – ''Desulfovibrio gigas''<BR />
**[[1z1n]] - DgCyt sixteen heme<br />
**[[2bq4]], [[3cao]], [[3car]] – Cyt – ''Desulfovibrio africanus''<BR />
**[[1w7o]] - Cyt – ''Desulfomicrobium baculatus''<BR />
**[[1aqe]] – DnCyt (mutant) – ''Desulfomicrobium norvegicum''<br />
**[[1czj]], [[2cy3]] - DnCyt<br />
**[[1a2i]] - DvCyt<br />
**[[2ldo]] – GsCyt residues 21-91 – ''Geobacter sulfurreducens'' - NMR<br />
**[[2izz]] - GsCyt residues 21-91 (mutant) – NMR<br />
**[[3ov0]] – GsCyt residues 26-343 dodedcaheme<br />
**[[3ouq]] - GsCyt residues 26-186 hexaheme<br />
**[[3oue]] - GsCyt residues 186-343 hexaheme
 
*Cytochrome C4
 
**[[1m6z]], [[1m70]], [[1etp]] – PsCyt – ''Pseudomonas stutzeri''<BR />
**[[1h1o]] – Cyt - ''Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans''
 
*Cytochrome C5
 
**[[1cc5]] – Cyt – ''Azotobacter vinelandii''
 
*Cytochrome C6
 
**[[3ph2]] – PlCyt (mutant) – ''Phormidium laminosum''<BR />
**[[3dr0]], [[4eic]], [[4eie]] – SyCyt – ''Synechococcus''<BR />
**[[4eid]], [[4eif]] – SyCyt (mutant)<br />
**[[3dmi]] – Cyt – ''Phaeodactylum tricornutum''<BR />
**[[2zbo]] – Cyt – ''Hizikia fusiformis''<BR />
**[[2v07]], [[2dge]] – AtCyt residues 71-175 – ''Arabidopsis thaliana''<BR />
**[[2ce0]], [[2ce1]] - AtCyt residues 71-175 (mutant) <BR />
**[[2v08]] – PlCyt <BR />
**[[1ls9]] – Cyt – ''Cladophora glomerata''<BR />
**[[1kib]], [[1f1f ]] – AmCyt – ''Arthrospira maxima''<BR />
**[[1gdv]] – Cyt – ''Porphyra yezoensis''<BR />
**[[1a2s]], [[1ced]] – MbCyt – ''Monoraphidium braunii'' – NMR<BR />
**[[1ctj]] - MbCyt<BR />
**[[1c6s]] – Cyt – ''Cyanobacterium synechococcus'' - NMR<BR />
**[[1c6o]], [[1c6r]] – Cyt – ''Scenedesmus obliquus''<br />
**[[1ccr]] – Cyt - rice<br />
**[[4gyd]] – noCyt – nostoc<br />
**[[4h0j]], [[4h0k]] – noCyt (mutant) <br />
 
*Cytochrome C7
 
**[[3h33]], [[3h34]], [[3h4n]], [[3bxu]] – GsCyt <BR />
**[[1lm2]], [[1l3o]], [[1kwj]], [[1f22]], [[1ehj]] – DaCyt – ''Deulfurmonas acetoxidans'' – NMR<BR />
**[[1hh5]] - DaCyt
 
*Cytochrome C549
 
**[[1f1c]] – AmCyt<BR />
**[[1e29]] - SyCyt
 
*Cytochrome C550
 
**[[3arc]], [[3prq]], [[3prr]], [[3kzi]], [[3a0b]], [[3a0h]], [[3bz1]], [[3bz2]], [[1izl]] – Cyt in photosystem II – ''Thermosynechococcus vulcanus''<BR />
**[[2axt]], [[1w5c]], [[1s5l]] - TeCyt in photosystem II – ''Thermosynechococcus elongatus''<BR />
**[[2bgv]] – PvCyt – ''Paracoccus versutus''<BR />
**[[2bh4]], [[2bh5]] – PvCyt (mutant) <BR />
**[[1mz4]] – TeCyt<BR />
**[[155c]] - PdCyt
 
*Cytochrome C551
 
**[[2zon]] – AxCyt + nitrite reductase<BR />
**[[2gc7]], [[2gc4]], [[2mta]] – PdCyt + methylamine dehydrogenase + amicyanin<BR />
**[[1cch]], [[1cor]] – PsCyt - NMR<BR />
**[[1gks]] – Cyt – ''Ectothiorhodospira halophila'' - NMR<BR />
**[[1new]] – DaCyt triheme]- NMR<BR />
**[[2exv]] – PaCyt (mutant) – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa''<BR />
**[[351c]], [[451c]] - PaCyt<BR />
**[[2pac]] – PaCyt - NMR<BR />
**[[1dvv]] - PaCyt (mutant) – NMR<BR />
**[[1fi3]], [[2i8f]] - PsCyt (mutant) – NMR
 
*Cytochrome C552 [[Nitrite reductase]]
 
*Cytochrome C553
 
**[[1b7v]], [[1c75]] – BpCyt - ''Bacillus pasteuri''<BR />
**[[1k3h]], [[1k3g]] – BpCyt – NMR<BR />
**[[1e08]] – DdCyt + hydrogenase - NMR<BR />
**[[1n9c]] – Cyt – ''Sporosarcina pasteurii''<BR />
**[[1c53]] - DvCyt<BR />
**[[1dvh]] - DvCyt - NMR<br />
**[[2dvh]] - DvCyt (mutant) - NMR<BR />
**[[1dwl]] – DvCyt + ferredoxin I – NMR<BR />
**[[1cyi]], [[1cyj]] – Cyt – ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii''
 
*Cytochrome C554
 
**[[2zzs]] – Cyt – ''Vibrio parahaemolyticus''<BR />
**[[1ft5]], [[1ft6]], [[1bvb]] – Cyt – ''Nitrosomonas europaea''
 
*Cytochrome C555
 
**[[2zxy]] – Cyt – ''Aquifex aeolicus''<BR />
**[[2w9k]], [[2yk3]] – Cyt – ''Crithidia fasciculate''<br />
**[[4j20]] – CtCyt (mutant)<br />
 
* Cytochrome C557
 
**[[1foc]] – TtCyt – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
 
*Cytochrome C556
 
**[[1s05]] – RpCyt - NMR<BR />
 
*Cytochrome C558
 
**[[2x5u]], [[2x5v]] – BvCyt in photosynthetic reaction center – ''Blastochloris viridis'' – Laue<BR />
**[[2wjm]], [[2wjn]], [[3g7f]], [[3d38]], [[2jbl]], [[2i5n]], [[1vrn]], [[1r2c]] - BvCyt in photosynthetic reaction center
 
*Cytochrome C562
 
**[[3qvz]] – EcCyt + Cu + Zn
 
*Cytochrome C NAPB
 
**[[3ml1]], [[3o5a]] – Cyt + nitrate reductase catalytic subunit – ''Ralstonia eutropha''<br />
**[[1jni]] – Cyt small subunit – ''Haemophilus influenzae''
 
*Cytochrome CL
 
**[[2d0w]] – Cyt – ''Hyphomicrobium denitrificans''<BR />
**[[2c8s]] – MeCyt – ''Methylobacterium extorquens''<br />
**[[1mg2]], [[1mg3]] – PdCyt + methylamine hydrogenase + amicyanin<br />
 
*Cytochrome CC3
 
**[[2cvc]], [[1gws]], [[1h29]] – DvCyt
 
*Cytochrome CD1
 
**[[1gq1]], [[1h9x]], [[1h9y]], [[1hcm]], [[1qks]] – Cyt – ''Paracoccus pantotrophus''<BR />
**[[1gjq ]]– PaCyt<BR />
**[[1dy7]] – PaCyt + CO<BR />
**[[1e2r]] – PdCyt + CN
 
*Cytochrome CH
 
**[[1qn2]] – MeCyt
 
*Cytochrome CB562


**[[3qvy]], [[3qw0]], [[3qw1]] – EcCyt + Zn<br />
**[[3c62]], [[3c63]], [[3iq5]], [[3iq6]], [[3l1m]], [[3m15]], [[3nmi]], [[3nmk]] - EcCyt (mutant) + Zn<br />
**[[3de8]], [[3m79]] - EcCyt (mutant) + Zn + Cu<br />
**[[3de9]], [[3nmj]] - EcCyt (mutant) + Zn + Ni
}}
== References ==
== References ==


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Melissa Morrison, Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, David Canner, Joel L. Sussman, Adis Hasic
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