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==BINDING OF INFLUENZA VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ TO ANALOGS OF ITS CELL-SURFACE RECEPTOR, SIALIC ACID: ANALYSIS BY PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY==
==BINDING OF INFLUENZA VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ TO ANALOGS OF ITS CELL-SURFACE RECEPTOR, SIALIC ACID: ANALYSIS BY PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY==
<StructureSection load='1hgf' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hgf]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1hgf' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hgf]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hgf]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I000x I000x]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HGF OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HGF FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hgf]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_(A/X-31(H3N2)) Influenza A virus (A/X-31(H3N2))]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HGF OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HGF FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hgf FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hgf OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1hgf PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hgf RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hgf PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hgf FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hgf OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1hgf PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hgf RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hgf PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hgf ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HEMA_I68A0 HEMA_I68A0]] Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HEMA_I000X HEMA_I000X] Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.<ref>PMID:15122347</ref>  Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization either through clathrin-dependent endocytosis or through clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
Check<jmol>
   <jmolCheckbox>
   <jmolCheckbox>
     <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hg/1hgf_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hg/1hgf_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
   </jmolCheckbox>
   </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hgf ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Conservation%2C Evolutionary|Conservation%2C Evolutionary]]
*[[Hemagglutinin|Hemagglutinin]]
*[[Hemagglutinin|Hemagglutinin]]
*[[User:Eric Martz|User:Eric Martz]]
*[[Hemagglutinin 3D structures|Hemagglutinin 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: I000x]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Brown, J H]]
[[Category: Brown JH]]
[[Category: Crowther, R L]]
[[Category: Crowther RL]]
[[Category: Glick, G D]]
[[Category: Glick GD]]
[[Category: Hanson, J E]]
[[Category: Hanson JE]]
[[Category: Park, S J]]
[[Category: Park S-J]]
[[Category: Sauter, N K]]
[[Category: Sauter NK]]
[[Category: Skehel, J J]]
[[Category: Skehel JJ]]
[[Category: Wiley, D C]]
[[Category: Wiley DC]]
[[Category: Influenza virus hemagglutinin]]
[[Category: Viral protein]]

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