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==Crystal Structure and Hemolytic Activity of the Cyt1Aa Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis==
==Crystal Structure and Hemolytic Activity of the Cyt1Aa Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis==
<StructureSection load='3ron' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3ron]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.19&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3ron' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ron]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.19&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ron]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis_serovar_israelensis Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3RON OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3RON FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ron]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis_serovar_israelensis Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3RON OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3RON FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">cyt1Aa, cytA ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=1430 Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis])</td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.19&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ron FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ron OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ron RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ron PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ron FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ron OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ron PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ron RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ron PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ron ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Function ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CT1AA_BACTI CT1AA_BACTI] Kills the larvae of dipteran insects by making pores in the epithelial cell membrane of the insect midgut. Acts on mosquitos and black flies.
During sporulation, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis produces a mosquito larvicidal protein complex containing several crystalline and cytolytic (Cyt) toxins. Here, the activated monomeric form of Cyt1Aa, the most toxic Cyt family member, was isolated and crystallized, and its structure was determined for the first time at 2.2 A resolution. Cyt1Aa adopts a typical cytolysin fold containing a beta-sheet held by two surrounding alpha-helical layers. The absence of a beta-strand (between residues V26 and I37) in the dimeric structure of Cyt2Aa led us to deduce that this is the only essential segment for dimer formation and that activation of the toxin occurs by proteolytic processing of its N-terminus. Based on the Cyt1Aa structure, we suggest that the toxicity of Cyt1Aa and other nonrelated proteins, all sharing a cytolysin fold, is correlated with their ability to undergo conformational changes that are necessary prior to their membrane insertion and perforation. This fold allows the alpha-helical layers to swing away, exposing the beta-sheet to insert into the membrane. The identification of a putative lipid binding pocket between the beta-sheet and the helical layer of Cyt1Aa supports this mechanism. Sequence-based structural analysis of Cyt1Aa revealed that the lack of activity of Cyt1Ca may be related to the latter's inability to undergo this conformational change due to its lack of flexibility. The pattern of the hemolytic activity of Cyt1Aa presented here (resembling that of pore-forming agents), while differing from that imposed by ionic and nonionic detergents, further supports the pore-forming model by which conformational changes occur prior to membrane insertion and perforation.
 
Cyt1Aa Toxin: High-Resolution Structure Reveals Implications for Its Membrane-Perforating Function.,Cohen S, Albeck S, Ben-Dov E, Cahan R, Firer M, Zaritsky A, Dym O J Mol Biol. 2011 Sep 19. PMID:21959261<ref>PMID:21959261</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Delta-endotoxin|Delta-endotoxin]]
*[[Delta-endotoxin|Delta-endotoxin]]
*[[Journal:JMB:1|Journal:JMB:1]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis]]
[[Category: Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis]]
[[Category: Albeck, S]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ben-Dov, E]]
[[Category: Albeck S]]
[[Category: Cahan, R]]
[[Category: Ben-Dov E]]
[[Category: Cohen, S]]
[[Category: Cahan R]]
[[Category: Dym, O]]
[[Category: Cohen S]]
[[Category: Firer, M]]
[[Category: Dym O]]
[[Category: ISPC, Israel Structural Proteomics Center]]
[[Category: Firer M]]
[[Category: Zaritsky, A]]
[[Category: Zaritsky A]]
[[Category: Cell invasion]]
[[Category: Cytolysin fold]]
[[Category: Structural genomic]]

Latest revision as of 15:31, 14 March 2024

Crystal Structure and Hemolytic Activity of the Cyt1Aa Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensisCrystal Structure and Hemolytic Activity of the Cyt1Aa Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis

Structural highlights

3ron is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.19Å
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

CT1AA_BACTI Kills the larvae of dipteran insects by making pores in the epithelial cell membrane of the insect midgut. Acts on mosquitos and black flies.

See Also

3ron, resolution 2.19Å

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