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Lactoperoxidase: Difference between revisions

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{{STRUCTURE_2ips| PDB=2ips  | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Heme containing glycosylated bovine lactoperoxidase complex with carbonate, thiocyanate, calcium (green) and iodide (purple) ions [[2ips]] }}
<StructureSection load='3eri' size='350' side='right' caption='Glycosylated bovine lactoferrin containing heme complex with thiocyanate, I- (purple) and Ca+2 (green) ions (PDB entry [[3eri]])' scene='48/487283/Cv/1'>
== Function ==
'''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide.  LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk.  Heme is the cofactor of LPO.  LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.


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== Relevance ==
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The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.  LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.
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== Structural highlights ==
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The <scene name='48/487283/Cv/6'>peroxidation of thiocyanate catalyzed by LPO occurs at the heme cavity site</scene><ref>PMID:19339248</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres. <scene name='48/487283/Cv/7'>Whole active site</scene>.   
'''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide.  The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents.  LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions. LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk. Heme is the cofactor of LPO.  LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion.
</StructureSection>


==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==
==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|


===Lactoperoxidase binary complex===
*Lactoperoxidase binary complex


[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine<br />
**[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine<br />
[[2nqx]] – bPLO + I<br />
**[[2nqx]], [[5b72]] – bPLO + I<br />
[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat<br />
**[[7dlq]] – bPLO + H2O2<br />
[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate<br />
**[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat<br />
[[4ig5]] – gLPO + methimazole<br />
**[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate<br />
**[[6ky7]], [[7c73]], [[7c74]], [[7c75]], [[7d52]], [[7dao]], [[7de5]], [[7dmr]] – yPLO + Ca - yak<br />
**[[7c74]] - yLPO + Cl <br />
**[[6l32]], [[6l42]], [[7d52]], [[6l5g]], [[7c75]] - yLPO + Zn <br />
**[[6lqw]], [[7y3u]] – yPLO + H2O2<br />
**[[7c73]] – yPLO + phosphoserine<br />


===Lactoperoxidase ternary complex===
*Lactoperoxidase ternary complex


[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
**[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]], [[6a4y]], [[6lco]], [[6m7e]], [[7dn7]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
**[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl<br />
[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl<br />
**[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
**[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I<br />
[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I<br />
**[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I<br />
[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I<br />
**[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I<br />
[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
**[[6kmk]] – bPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine<br />
[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I<br />
**[[7dlq]], [[7dn6]] – bPLO + H2O2 + I<br />
[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo<br />
**[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo<br />
[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I<br />
**[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I<br />
[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I<br />
**[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I<br />
[[2ojv ]]– gPLO + CN + I<br />  
**[[7de5]] - yLPO + SCN + I<br />
[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
**[[2ojv]] – gPLO + CN + I<br />  
[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate<br />
**[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I<br />
**[[5ff1]] - gLPO + methimazole + nitrate<br />
[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep
**[[5hpw]] - gLPO + propyl-thiouracil + nitrate<br />
**[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate<br />
**[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I<br />
**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep<br />
**[[7ve3]] - sLPO + hypoiodite + I<br />


===Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex===
*Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex


[[3gcj]], [[2qpk]] - bPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
**[[3gcj]], [[2qpk]] - bPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
[[3gck]] - bPLO + benzylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
**[[3gck]] - bPLO + benzylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
[[3uba]], [[4gm7]] - bPLO + hydroxycinnamic acid + SCN + I<br />
**[[3uba]], [[4gm7]] - bPLO + hydroxycinnamic acid + SCN + I<br />
[[3gcl]], [[2qqt]] - bPLO + aspirin + SCN + I<br />
**[[3gcl]], [[2qqt]] - bPLO + aspirin + SCN + I<br />
[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I<br />
**[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I<br />
[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I<br />
**[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I<br />
[[3nyh]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
**[[5wv3]] - bPLO + oxidosulfanyl-methanamine + Br + I<br />
[[3ogw]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
**[[7dlq]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
[[3py4]], [[4gn6]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
**[[7wyj]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
[[3q9k]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
**[[3py4]], [[6m7e]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
[[3ql6]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
**[[7dn6]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
[[3s4f]], [[4njb]], [[4nt3]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
**[[7dn7]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
[[3r4x]], [[3tuw]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
**[[8y9x]], [[4njb]], [[6lco]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I<br />
**[[3r4x]], [[5zgs]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I<br />
**[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I<br />
[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I<br />
**[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I<br />
[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I<br />
**[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I<br />
[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I<br />
**[[6l9t]] - bLPO + Zn + OSCN + I<br />
[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
**[[5gls]] - bLPO + butyl-triazole + SCN + I<br />
[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
**[[5gh0]] - bLPO + mercaptoimidazole + nitrate + carbonate<br />
[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
**[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I<br />
[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I<br />
**[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I<br />
[[4ljj]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
**[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I<br />
**[[4y55]] - wbLPO + rhodanide + SCN + I<br />
[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN<br />
**[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
[[3r55]], [[4n7a]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
**[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I<br />
**[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I<br />
[[3r5q]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
**[[8ing]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
**[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I<br />
**[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN<br />
**[[3r55]], [[6lf7]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
**[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I<br />
**[[4qjq]] - gPLO + octopamine + SCN + I<br />
**[[6lf7]] - gPLO + hypocyanite + SCN + H2O2 + I<br />
**[[7ve3]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
**[[6ky7]], [[6l2j]] – yPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine + SCN + I<br />


}}
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman, Jaime Prilusky
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