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[[Image:1aw0.gif|left|200px]]


{{Structure
==FOURTH METAL-BINDING DOMAIN OF THE MENKES COPPER-TRANSPORTING ATPASE, NMR, 20 STRUCTURES==
|PDB= 1aw0 |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>1aw0</scene>
<StructureSection load='1aw0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1aw0]]' scene=''>
|SITE=  
== Structural highlights ==
|LIGAND=  
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1aw0]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AW0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1AW0 FirstGlance]. <br>
|ACTIVITY= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen/potassium-exchanging_ATPase Hydrogen/potassium-exchanging ATPase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.6.3.10 3.6.3.10]  
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
|GENE=  
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1aw0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1aw0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1aw0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1aw0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1aw0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1aw0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
}}
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATP7A_HUMAN ATP7A_HUMAN] Defects in ATP7A are the cause of Menkes disease (MNKD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/309400 309400]; also known as kinky hair disease. MNKD is an X-linked recessive disorder of copper metabolism characterized by generalized copper deficiency. MNKD results in progressive neurodegeneration and connective-tissue disturbances: focal cerebral and cerebellar degeneration, early growth retardation, peculiar hair, hypopigmentation, cutis laxa, vascular complications and death in early childhood. The clinical features result from the dysfunction of several copper-dependent enzymes.<ref>PMID:10079817</ref> <ref>PMID:7977350</ref> <ref>PMID:8981948</ref> <ref>PMID:10401004</ref> <ref>PMID:10319589</ref> <ref>PMID:11241493</ref> <ref>PMID:11350187</ref> <ref>PMID:15981243</ref> <ref>PMID:22992316</ref>  Defects in ATP7A are the cause of occipital horn syndrome (OHS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/304150 304150]; also known as X-linked cutis laxa. OHS is an X-linked recessive disorder of copper metabolism. Common features are unusual facial appearance, skeletal abnormalities, chronic diarrhea and genitourinary defects. The skeletal abnormalities included occipital horns, short, broad clavicles, deformed radii, ulnae and humeri, narrowing of the rib cage, undercalcified long bones with thin cortical walls and coxa valga.<ref>PMID:9246006</ref> <ref>PMID:17108763</ref>  Defects in ATP7A are a cause of distal spinal muscular atrophy X-linked type 3 (DSMAX3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/300489 300489]. DSMAX3 is a neuromuscular disorder. Distal spinal muscular atrophy, also known as distal hereditary motor neuronopathy, represents a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders caused by selective degeneration of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, without sensory deficit in the posterior horn. The overall clinical picture consists of a classical distal muscular atrophy syndrome in the legs without clinical sensory loss. The disease starts with weakness and wasting of distal muscles of the anterior tibial and peroneal compartments of the legs. Later on, weakness and atrophy may expand to the proximal muscles of the lower limbs and/or to the distal upper limbs.<ref>PMID:20170900</ref>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATP7A_HUMAN ATP7A_HUMAN] May supply copper to copper-requiring proteins within the secretory pathway, when localized in the trans-Golgi network. Under conditions of elevated extracellular copper, it relocalized to the plasma membrane where it functions in the efflux of copper from cells.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/aw/1aw0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1aw0 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>


'''FOURTH METAL-BINDING DOMAIN OF THE MENKES COPPER-TRANSPORTING ATPASE, NMR, 20 STRUCTURES'''
==See Also==
 
*[[ATPase 3D structures|ATPase 3D structures]]
 
== References ==
==Overview==
<references/>
Menkes disease is an X-linked disorder in copper transport that results in death during early childhood. The solution structures of both apo and Ag(I)-bound forms of the fourth metal-binding domain (mbd4) from the Menkes copper-transporting ATPase have been solved. The 72-residue mbd4 has a ferredoxin-like beta alpha beta beta alpha beta fold. Structural differences between the two forms are limited to the metal-binding loop, which is disordered in the apo structure but well ordered in the Ag(I)-bound structure. Ag(I) binds in a linear bicoordinate manner to the two Cys residues of the conserved GMTCxxC motif; Cu(I) likely coordinates in a similar manner. Menkes mbd4 is thus the first bicoordinate copper-binding protein to be characterized structurally. Sequence comparisons with other heavy-metal-binding domains reveal a conserved hydrophobic core and metal-binding motif.
__TOC__
 
</StructureSection>
==Disease==
Known diseases associated with this structure: Analgesia from kappa-opioid receptor agonist, female-specific , OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]], Cutis laxa, neonatal OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=300011 300011]], Melanoma susceptibility to OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]], Menkes disease OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=300011 300011]], Occipital horn syndrome OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=300011 300011]], Oculocutaneous albinism, type II, modifier of OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]], Skin/hair/eye pigmentation 2, blond hair/fair skin OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]], Skin/hair/eye pigmentation 2, red hair/fair skin OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]], UV-induced skin damage OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=155555 155555]]
 
==About this Structure==
1AW0 is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AW0 OCA].
 
==Reference==
Solution structure of the fourth metal-binding domain from the Menkes copper-transporting ATPase., Gitschier J, Moffat B, Reilly D, Wood WI, Fairbrother WJ, Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Jan;5(1):47-54. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9437429 9437429]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Hydrogen/potassium-exchanging ATPase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Fairbrother WJ]]
[[Category: Fairbrother, W J.]]
[[Category: Gitschier J]]
[[Category: Gitschier, J.]]
[[Category: copper-binding domain]]
[[Category: copper-transporting atpase]]
[[Category: hydrolase]]
 
''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Mar 20 10:02:57 2008''

Latest revision as of 18:28, 13 March 2024

FOURTH METAL-BINDING DOMAIN OF THE MENKES COPPER-TRANSPORTING ATPASE, NMR, 20 STRUCTURESFOURTH METAL-BINDING DOMAIN OF THE MENKES COPPER-TRANSPORTING ATPASE, NMR, 20 STRUCTURES

Structural highlights

1aw0 is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full experimental information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:Solution NMR
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

ATP7A_HUMAN Defects in ATP7A are the cause of Menkes disease (MNKD) [MIM:309400; also known as kinky hair disease. MNKD is an X-linked recessive disorder of copper metabolism characterized by generalized copper deficiency. MNKD results in progressive neurodegeneration and connective-tissue disturbances: focal cerebral and cerebellar degeneration, early growth retardation, peculiar hair, hypopigmentation, cutis laxa, vascular complications and death in early childhood. The clinical features result from the dysfunction of several copper-dependent enzymes.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Defects in ATP7A are the cause of occipital horn syndrome (OHS) [MIM:304150; also known as X-linked cutis laxa. OHS is an X-linked recessive disorder of copper metabolism. Common features are unusual facial appearance, skeletal abnormalities, chronic diarrhea and genitourinary defects. The skeletal abnormalities included occipital horns, short, broad clavicles, deformed radii, ulnae and humeri, narrowing of the rib cage, undercalcified long bones with thin cortical walls and coxa valga.[10] [11] Defects in ATP7A are a cause of distal spinal muscular atrophy X-linked type 3 (DSMAX3) [MIM:300489. DSMAX3 is a neuromuscular disorder. Distal spinal muscular atrophy, also known as distal hereditary motor neuronopathy, represents a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders caused by selective degeneration of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, without sensory deficit in the posterior horn. The overall clinical picture consists of a classical distal muscular atrophy syndrome in the legs without clinical sensory loss. The disease starts with weakness and wasting of distal muscles of the anterior tibial and peroneal compartments of the legs. Later on, weakness and atrophy may expand to the proximal muscles of the lower limbs and/or to the distal upper limbs.[12]

Function

ATP7A_HUMAN May supply copper to copper-requiring proteins within the secretory pathway, when localized in the trans-Golgi network. Under conditions of elevated extracellular copper, it relocalized to the plasma membrane where it functions in the efflux of copper from cells.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Tumer Z, Moller LB, Horn N. Mutation spectrum of ATP7A, the gene defective in Menkes disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;448:83-95. PMID:10079817
  2. ↑ Das S, Levinson B, Whitney S, Vulpe C, Packman S, Gitschier J. Diverse mutations in patients with Menkes disease often lead to exon skipping. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Nov;55(5):883-9. PMID:7977350
  3. ↑ Tumer Z, Lund C, Tolshave J, Vural B, Tonnesen T, Horn N. Identification of point mutations in 41 unrelated patients affected with Menkes disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Jan;60(1):63-71. PMID:8981948
  4. ↑ Ambrosini L, Mercer JF. Defective copper-induced trafficking and localization of the Menkes protein in patients with mild and copper-treated classical Menkes disease. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Aug;8(8):1547-55. PMID:10401004
  5. ↑ Ogawa A, Yamamoto S, Takayanagi M, Kogo T, Kanazawa M, Kohno Y. Identification of three novel mutations in the MNK gene in three unrelated Japanese patients with classical Menkes disease. J Hum Genet. 1999;44(3):206-9. PMID:10319589 doi:10.1007/s100380050144
  6. ↑ Gu YH, Kodama H, Murata Y, Mochizuki D, Yanagawa Y, Ushijima H, Shiba T, Lee CC. ATP7A gene mutations in 16 patients with Menkes disease and a patient with occipital horn syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 2001 Mar 15;99(3):217-22. PMID:11241493
  7. ↑ Hahn S, Cho K, Ryu K, Kim J, Pai K, Kim M, Park H, Yoo O. Identification of four novel mutations in classical Menkes disease and successful prenatal DNA diagnosis. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 May;73(1):86-90. PMID:11350187 doi:10.1006/mgme.2001.3169
  8. ↑ Moller LB, Bukrinsky JT, Molgaard A, Paulsen M, Lund C, Tumer Z, Larsen S, Horn N. Identification and analysis of 21 novel disease-causing amino acid substitutions in the conserved part of ATP7A. Hum Mutat. 2005 Aug;26(2):84-93. PMID:15981243 doi:10.1002/humu.20190
  9. ↑ Leon-Garcia G, Santana A, Villegas-Sepulveda N, Perez-Gonzalez C, Henrriquez-Esquiroz JM, de Leon-Garcia C, Wong C, Baeza I. The T1048I mutation in ATP7A gene causes an unusual Menkes disease presentation. BMC Pediatr. 2012 Sep 19;12:150. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-150. PMID:22992316 doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-150
  10. ↑ Ronce N, Moizard MP, Robb L, Toutain A, Villard L, Moraine C. A C2055T transition in exon 8 of the ATP7A gene is associated with exon skipping in an occipital horn syndrome family. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Jul;61(1):233-8. PMID:9246006 doi:10.1016/S0002-9297(07)64297-9
  11. ↑ Tang J, Robertson S, Lem KE, Godwin SC, Kaler SG. Functional copper transport explains neurologic sparing in occipital horn syndrome. Genet Med. 2006 Nov;8(11):711-8. PMID:17108763 doi:10.109701.gim.0000245578.94312.1e
  12. ↑ Kennerson ML, Nicholson GA, Kaler SG, Kowalski B, Mercer JF, Tang J, Llanos RM, Chu S, Takata RI, Speck-Martins CE, Baets J, Almeida-Souza L, Fischer D, Timmerman V, Taylor PE, Scherer SS, Ferguson TA, Bird TD, De Jonghe P, Feely SM, Shy ME, Garbern JY. Missense mutations in the copper transporter gene ATP7A cause X-linked distal hereditary motor neuropathy. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Mar 12;86(3):343-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.01.027. Epub, 2010 Feb 18. PMID:20170900 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.01.027
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