DNA methyltransferase: Difference between revisions

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

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+<StructureSection load='1nw5' size='350' side='right' caption='Adenine DNMT complex with SAM and Cl- ion (PDB code [[1nw5]]).' scene='46/467277/Cv/1'>
+__TOC__
+== Function ==
-'''DNA methyltransferase''' (DNMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl group to DNA.  DNMT uses S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.
+'''DNA methyltransferase''' (DNMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl group to DNA. Methylation is essential for gene expression. DNMT uses S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.  The SAM analog S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) is a powerful inhibitor of DNMT.
-===Methylguanine DNMT===
+*'''Methylguanine DNMT''' repairs the DNA lesion O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine to guanine.<ref>PMID:17485253</ref><br />
+*'''Methylcytosine DNMT''' methylates the 5 position of cytosine.  <ref>PMID:8127644</ref><br />
+*'''Methyladenine DNMT''' methylates the 6 position of adenine.  <ref>PMID:12732637</ref><br />
+*'''HhaI DNA methyltransferase''' (HDMT), a DNMT from ''Haemophilus haemolyticus'' recognizes the 5’-GCGC-3’ DNA sequence and methylates the first cytosine to convert it to 5-methylcytosine.  The SAM serves as the methyl donor in the reaction and is converted to to S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) by the reaction<ref>PMID:12139442</ref>.
-[[1sfe]] – O6-methylguanine DNMT C terminal – ''Escherichia coli''
+== Relevance ==
-[[1qnt]], [[1eh6]], [[3llr]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT – human
+DNMT inhibitors are being tested in cancer therapy.
-[[1t38]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT (mutant) + DNA
+== Disease ==
-[[1t39]], [[1yfh]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT + DNA
+The human ICF disorder is caused by mutations in DNMT 3B.
-[[1eh7]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT methylated
+== Structural highlights ==
-[[1eh8]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT benzylated
+The <scene name='46/467277/Cv/8'>active site of methyladenine DNMT contains the methyl donor SAM</scene>.
+== 3D Structures of DNA methyltransferase ==
+[[DNA methyltransferase 3D structures]]
-[[1wrj]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT  - ''Sulfolobus tokodaii''
+</StructureSection>
-[[2g7h]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT – ''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii''
+== References ==
+<references/>
-[[2kif]], [[2kim]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT – ''Vibrio parahaemolyticus'' - NMR
+[[Category:Topic Page]]
-===Methylcytosine DNMT===
-[[2qrv]] - h-cytosine DNMT
-[[3epz]] - h-cytosine DNMT replecation foci-targeting sequence
-[[3flg]] - h-cytosine DNMT ADD domain
-[[3a1a]] - h-cytosine DNMT PWWP domain
-[[3av4]] - m-cytosine DNMT – mouse
-[[2c7o]], [[2c7p]], [[2c7q]], [[2c7r]], [[3pta]] – Hh-cytosine DNMT + DNA + S-adenonosyl cysteine
-[[2uyc]], [[2uyh]], [[2uz4]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + S-adenonosyl cysteine
-[[3a1b]] - h-cytosine DNMT ADD domain + histone H3
-[[3pt6]], [[3pt9]] – m-cytosine DNMT + DNA
-[[3av5]] - m-cytosine DNMT + S-adenonosyl cysteine
-[[3av6]] - m-cytosine DNMT + SAM
-[[3swr]] - h-cytosine DNMT + sinefungin
-[[1fjx – HhDNMT (mutant) + DNA + S-adenonosyl cysteine - Haemophilus haemolyticus
-===Methyladenine DNMT===
-[[1nw5]] – RsN6-adenine DNMT + SAM – ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides''
-[[1nw6]] - RsN6-adenine DNMT + sinefungin
-[[1nw7]] - RsN6-adenine DNMT + S-adenonosyl cysteine