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User:Stephen Mills/Peptide tutorial 1: Difference between revisions

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Note: in these tutorials, the images are 3D interactive images. You can manipulate them as you wish to get a better view of the molecules.  
''Note: in these tutorials, the images are 3D interactive images. You can manipulate them as you wish to get a better view of the molecules.''




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=  =
=  =
<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Arginine/3' />
<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Arginine/3' name='Arg_labels'/>




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<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argininelabels/1'>Click here to see the N and C groups labelled.</scene>  
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argininelabels/1' target='Arg_labels'>Click here to see the N and C groups labelled.</scene>  




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== ==
== ==
<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption=' ' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' />
<Structure load='Tyrosine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption=' ' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' />




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<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption=' ' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' />
<Structure load='Tyrosine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption=' ' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' name='Tyr_labels'/>


This is Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), an aromatic amino acid
This is Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), an aromatic amino acid
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Again, identify the amino and carboxy groups involved in peptide bond formation.
Again, identify the amino and carboxy groups involved in peptide bond formation.


<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosinelabels/1'>Click here to have the N and C groups labeled.</scene>
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Peptide_tutorial_1/Tyrosinelabels/1' target='Tyr_labels'>Click here to have the N and C groups labeled.</scene>


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<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption='Arginine' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Arginine/3' />
<Structure load='Arginine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='left' caption='Arginine' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Arginine/3' name='Arg_alpha'/>


<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argininealpha/2'>Click here</scene> to label the α-carbon on Arginine.
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argininealpha/2' target='Arg_alpha'>Click here</scene> to label the α-carbon on Arginine.


<Structure load='Tyrosine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='right' caption='Tyrosine' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' />
<Structure load='Tyrosine.pdb' size='300' frame='true' align='right' caption='Tyrosine' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosine/1' name='Tyr_alpha'/>


<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosinealpha/2'>Click here</scene> to label the α-carbon on Tyrosine.
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Tyrosinealpha/2' target='Tyr_alpha'>Click here</scene> to label the α-carbon on Tyrosine.


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Which amino acid is at the N terminus? Which is at the C terminus?
Which amino acid is at the N terminus? Which is at the C terminus?


<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyr/1' />
<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyr/1' name='ArgTyr'/>




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<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyrtermini/1'>Click here to label the N and C termini.</scene>
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyrtermini/1' target='ArgTyr'>Click here to label the N and C termini.</scene>






<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyraalabels/1'>Click here to label the two amino acids.</scene>
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Peptide_tutorial_1/Argtyraalabels/2' target='ArgTyr'>Click here to label the two amino acids.</scene>




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<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyraalabels/1' />
<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Peptide_tutorial_1/Argtyraalabels/2' name='ArgTyrAmide'/>




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<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyramide/1'>Click here to change the color of those atoms to white.</scene>
<scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Peptide_tutorial_1/Argtyramide/3' target='ArgTyrAmide'>Click here to change the color of those atoms to purple.</scene>




Peptide bonds almost always assume the trans conformation: that in which successive alpha carbon atoms are on opposite sides of the peptide (C-N) bond joining them. <scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyrtransamide/1'>Click here to show this trans bond.</scene> The exception are peptide bonds involving proline (when P is on the C-terminal side of the bond) - these can be trans or cis.
Peptide bonds almost always assume the trans conformation: that in which successive alpha carbon atoms are on opposite sides of the peptide (C-N) bond joining them. <scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Peptide_tutorial_1/Argtyrtransamide/3' target='ArgTyrAmide'>Click here to show this trans bond.</scene> The exception are peptide bonds involving proline (when P is on the C-terminal side of the bond) - these can be trans or cis.
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==Backbone Atoms==
==Backbone Atoms==


<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyr/1' />
<Structure load='ArgTyr.pdb' size='500' frame='true' align='left' caption='' scene='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyr/1' name='ArgTyrBackbone'/>




If the R groups (side chains) of the amino acids are no longer displayed, then you will be looking at the backbone of the dipeptide. <scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyrbackbone/1'>Click here to turn off the side chains.</scene>
If the R groups (side chains) of the amino acids are no longer displayed, then you will be looking at the backbone of the dipeptide. <scene name='User:Stephen_Mills/Sandbox_2_Peptide_tutorial/Argtyrbackbone/1' target='ArgTyrBackbone'>Click here to turn off the side chains.</scene>


This dipeptide has a completely extended conformation.
This dipeptide has a completely extended conformation.
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[[User:Stephen Mills/Sandbox 2 Peptide tutorial_2|Click here to go on to the next part of this tutorial.]]
[[User:Stephen Mills/Peptide tutorial_2|Click here to go on to the next part of this tutorial.]]
 
[[User:Stephen_Mills/Biochemistry_Tutorials|Click here to go back to the main Tutorial page.]]
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