Exportin: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='3icq' size='340' side='right' caption='Structure of yeast exportin-5 (dark green and dark red) complex with GTPaseRan (pale green and pink), Mg+2 (green) and RNA (PDB code [[3icq]]).' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3icq' size='400' side='right' caption='Structure of yeast exportin-5 (magenta) complex with GTPaseRan (cyan), Mg+2 (green) and RNA (PDB code [[3icq]]).' scene='59/592125/Cv/9'>


== Function ==
'''Exportins''' (XPO) or '''chromosomal maintenance protein''' mediate the nuclear export of cellular proteins with a leucine-rich export signal (NES) and RNA.  XPO is regulated by GTPaseRan.  RanGTP bind to XPO forming a ternary complex with the exported protein.  The complex diffuses through the nuclear core complex to the cytoplasm and then dissociates.  <br />
*'''XPO-1''' mediates nuclear transport of cellular proteins bearing a Leu-rich nuclear export signal and of RNA<ref>PMID:36727672</ref>.<br />
*'''XPO-4''' mediates nuclear transport of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A<ref>PMID:10944119</ref>.<br />
*'''XPO-5''' mediates nuclear transport of pre-miroRNAs and short hairpin RNAs<ref>PMID:14681208</ref>.<br />
*'''XPO-t''' or '''karyopherin''' is a nuclear transport receptor involved in the export of tRNA to the cytoplasm<ref>PMID:22944664</ref>.<br />


'''Exportins''' (XPO) mediate the nuclear export of cellular proteins with a leucine-rich export signal (NES) and RNA.  XPO is regulated by GTPaseRan.  RanGTP bind to XPO forming a ternary complex with the exported protein.  The complex diffuses through the nuclear core complex to the cytoplasm and then dissociates.  '''XPO-t''' exports tRNA from the nucleus.
==Structural highlights ==


== Disease ==
<scene name='59/592125/Cv/10'>Yeast exportin-5 with GTPaseRan, Mg+2 and RNA</scene>.


== Relevance ==
<scene name='59/592125/Cv/11'>GTP binding site</scene>.


== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='59/592125/Cv/12'>Mg coordination site</scene> (PDB code [[3icq]]).<ref>PMID:19680239</ref>  
</StructureSection>


==3D structures of exportin==
==3D structures of exportin==
[[Exportin 3D structures]]


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
</StructureSection>
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
 
*XPO-1
 
**[[4bsm]], [[4bsn]] – hXPO – human<br />
**[[1w9c]] – hXPO C terminal 6 heat repeats <br />
**[[3vyc]] – yXPO (mutant) - yeast
 
*XPO-1 complexes
 
**[[3gb8]] – hXPO + RNA U transporter 1 <br />
**[[3gjx]] – hXPO + RNA U transporter 1 + GTPaseRan<br />
**[[3m1i]], [[4gpt]], [[4gmx]], [[4hat]], [[4hb2]] – yXPO (mutant) + GTP-binding nuclear protein + Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein <br />
**[[4hau]], [[4hav]], [[4haw]], [[4hax]], [[4hay]], [[4haz]], [[4hb0]], [[4hb3]], [[4hb4]] – yXPO (mutant) + GTP-binding nuclear protein + Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein + antibiotic<br />
**[[3nby]], [[3nbz]], [[3nc0]] – mXPO + RNA U transporter 1 + GTPaseRan - mouse<br />
**[[3nc1]] – mXPO + GTPaseRan<br />
**[[2l1l]] – hXPO residues 504-630 + cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor α - NMR<br />
 
*XPO-t
 
**[[3ibv]] – fyXPO – fission yeast<br />
**[[3icq]] – fyXPO + GTP-binding nuclear protein + RNA <br />
 
*XPO-5
 
**[[3a6p]] – hXPO + peptide + pre-microRNA <br />
}}


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 08:18, 23 June 2024


Exportins (XPO) or chromosomal maintenance protein mediate the nuclear export of cellular proteins with a leucine-rich export signal (NES) and RNA. XPO is regulated by GTPaseRan. RanGTP bind to XPO forming a ternary complex with the exported protein. The complex diffuses through the nuclear core complex to the cytoplasm and then dissociates.

  • XPO-1 mediates nuclear transport of cellular proteins bearing a Leu-rich nuclear export signal and of RNA[1].
  • XPO-4 mediates nuclear transport of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A[2].
  • XPO-5 mediates nuclear transport of pre-miroRNAs and short hairpin RNAs[3].
  • XPO-t or karyopherin is a nuclear transport receptor involved in the export of tRNA to the cytoplasm[4].

Structural highlights

.

.

(PDB code 3icq).[5]

3D structures of exportin

Exportin 3D structures


Structure of yeast exportin-5 (magenta) complex with GTPaseRan (cyan), Mg+2 (green) and RNA (PDB code 3icq).

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

ReferencesReferences

  1. ↑ Caillot M, Miloudi H, Taly A, Profitós-Pelejà N, Santos JC, Ribeiro ML, Maitre E, Saule S, Roué G, Jardin F, Sola B. Exportin 1-mediated nuclear/cytoplasmic trafficking controls drug sensitivity of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mol Oncol. 2023 Dec;17(12):2546-2564. PMID:36727672 doi:10.1002/1878-0261.13386
  2. ↑ Lipowsky G, Bischoff FR, Schwarzmaier P, Kraft R, Kostka S, Hartmann E, Kutay U, Gorlich D. Exportin 4: a mediator of a novel nuclear export pathway in higher eukaryotes. EMBO J. 2000 Aug 15;19(16):4362-71. PMID:10944119 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.16.4362
  3. ↑ Yi R, Qin Y, Macara IG, Cullen BR. Exportin-5 mediates the nuclear export of pre-microRNAs and short hairpin RNAs. Genes Dev. 2003 Dec 15;17(24):3011-6. Epub 2003 Dec 17. PMID:14681208 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1158803
  4. ↑ Leisegang MS, Martin R, Ramírez AS, Bohnsack MT. Exportin t and Exportin 5: tRNA and miRNA biogenesis Biol Chem. 2012 Jul;393(7):599-604. PMID:22944664 doi:10.1515/hsz-2012-0146
  5. ↑ Cook AG, Fukuhara N, Jinek M, Conti E. Structures of the tRNA export factor in the nuclear and cytosolic states. Nature. 2009 Sep 3;461(7260):60-5. PMID:19680239 doi:10.1038/nature08394

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