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| <StructureSection load='1gp2' size='340' side='right' caption='Structure of rat transducin α (grey), β (green) and γ (gold) subunits complex with GDP (PDB code [[1gp2]]).' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of rat transducin α (deepskyblue), β (green) and γ (gold) subunits complex with GDP (PDB code [[1gp2]]).' scene='59/590984/Cv/1' pspeed='8'> |
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| | __TOC__ |
| == Function == | | == Function == |
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| '''Transducin''' (TDN) is a heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ which are organized in two subunits: α and βγ. TDN is involved in phototransduction. The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II. The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the GDP bound to its α subunit is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm. Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TND preventing its reassociation with the α subunit. | | '''Transducin''' (TDN) or '''Heterotrimeric G protein''' or '''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G''' is a <scene name='59/590984/Cv/5'>heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ</scene> which are organized in two subunits: '''α''' and '''βγ'''<ref>PMID:2534964</ref>. TDN is involved in phototransduction. The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II. The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the <scene name='59/590984/Cv/6'>GDP bound to its α subunit</scene> is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm. Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TDN preventing its re-association with the α subunit. |
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| == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| | | Congenital stationary night blindness (Nougaret disease) is caused by a mutation in TDN α subunit<ref>PMID:8673138</ref>. |
| == Relevance ==
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| == Structural highlights ==
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| ==3D structures of transducin== | | ==3D structures of transducin== |
| | [[Transducin 3D structures]] |
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| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
| | </StructureSection> |
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| '''Transducin-α'''
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| [[1tnd]] – bTDN + GTPγS - bovine<br />
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| [[1tag]] – bTDN + GDP<br />
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| [[3v00]] – b/ratTDN + GDP<br />
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| [[1tad]] – bTDN + GDP + AlF4<br />
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| [[1fqk]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GDP + AlF4<br />
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| [[1fqj]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GMP-PDE γ + GDP + AlF4<br />
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| '''Transducin-βγ'''
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| [[1tbg]] – bTDN <br />
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| [[2trc]], [[1a0r]], [[1b9x]], [[1b9y]] – bTDN + phosducin<br />
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| [[1omw]], [[3cik]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2<br />
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| [[3v5w]] – bTDN (mutant) + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2<br />
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| [[3psc]], [[3pvu]], [[3pvw]], [[4mk0]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1<br />
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| [[2bcj]] – bTDN (mutant) + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1<br />
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| [[3uzs]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + RNA<br />
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| [[3krw]], [[3krx]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 + inhibitor<br />
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| [[1xhm]] – bTDN + peptide<br />
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| [[4kfm]] – hTDN + G-protein activated inward rectifier K+ channel<br />
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| '''Transducin-α+βγ'''
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| [[1got]] – bTDN + GDP<br />
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| [[1gg2]] – rTDN + GDP - rat<br />
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| [[1gp2]] – rTDN (mutant) + GDP <br />
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| [[3ah8]] – bTDN (mutant) + GDP + inhibitor<br />
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| [[3sn6]] – bTDN (mutant) + endolysine + antibody fragment<br />
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| == References == | | == References == |