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| {{STRUCTURE_1fxx| PDB=1fxx | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=E. coli exonuclease I complex with phosphate, glycerol and Mg+2 ion, [[1fxx]] }}
| | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='46/466467/Cv/1' caption='E. coli exonuclease I complex with phosphate, glycerol and Mg+2 ion (PDB code [[1fxx]]) '> |
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| '''Exonucleases''' (ExN) cleave nucleotides at the end of a polynucleotide chain. In E. coli there are ExN I to VIII. ExN-I cleaves single-stranded DNA; ExN-II is associated with DNA polymerase; ExN-III cleaves double-stranded DNA; ExN-IV cleavage results in nucleoside monophosphate; ExN-V cleaves linear double-stranded DNA; ExN-VIII requires a free 5’ OH group for reacting. ExN were found in human and yeast as well.
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| {{TOC limit|limit=2}}
| | '''Exonucleases''' (ExN) cleave nucleotides at the end of a polynucleotide chain<ref>PMID:14770007</ref>. In ''E. coli'' there are ExN I to VIII. ExN were found in human and yeast as well. |
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| | * '''ExN-I''' is a 5'-3' ExN cleaves double-stranded DNA<ref>PMID:27494243</ref>.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-II''' is associated with DNA polymerase.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-III''' cleaves double-stranded DNA.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-IV''' cleavage results in nucleoside monophosphate.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-V''' cleaves linear double-stranded DNA.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-VIII''' degrades linear duplex DNA<ref>PMID:6309804</ref> and requires a free 5’ OH group for reacting.<br /> |
| | * '''ExN-X''' can degrade both single-stranded DNA and duplex DNA with 3'-5' polarity<ref>PMID:10514496</ref> |
| | * '''Trex ExN''' degrades single-stranded DNA generated from processing of aberrant replication intermediates<ref>PMID:18045533</ref> |
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| == 3D Structures of exonuclease ==
| | * For '''phage ExN''' see [[Sand box 211]]. |
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| ''Updated January 2013'' | | <scene name='46/466467/Cv/3'>Mg coordination site</scene> in ''E. coli'' exonuclease I (PDB code [[1fxx]]).<ref>PMID:11101894</ref> Water molecules shown as red spheres. |
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| ===ExN-I=== | | == 3D Structures of exonuclease == |
| [[1fxx]], [[3c95]] – EcExN-I – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
| | [[Exonuclease 3D structures]] |
| [[2qxf]] - EcExN-I + TMP<br />
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| [[3hl8]], [[3hp9]] - EcExN-I + inhibitor<br />
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| [[3c94]] - EcExN-I + DNA-binding C terminal peptide<br />
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| [[3qe9]] – hExN-I (mutant) + DNA – human<br />
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| [[3qea]], [[3qeb]] - hExN-I + DNA
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| ===ExN-III===
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| [[2voa]] – AfExN-III (mutant) + DNA – ''Archaeoglobus fulgidus''<br />
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| [[3g1k]] - MtExN-III – ''Methanothermobacter thermaautotrophicus''<br />
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| [[3g3c]], [[3g4t]] - MtExN-III + DNA<br />
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| [[3fzi]], [[3g8v]], [[3g91]] - MtExN-III (mutant) <br />
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| [[3g00]], [[3g0r]], [[3g2c]], [[3g2d]], [[3g38]], [[3g3y]], [[3ga6]] - MtExN-III (mutant) + DNA<br />
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| [[3g0a]] - MtExN-III (mutant) + Mn<br />
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| [[1ako]] – EcExN-III
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| ===ExN-IV===
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| [[2jc4]] – ExN-IV – ''Nisseria meningitides''
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| ===ExN-V===
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| [[1w36]], [[3k70]] – EcExN-V α+β+γ + DNA hairpin<br />
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| [[3e1s]] - EcExN-V RECD subunit<br />
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| [[3gp8]] - DrExN-V RECD subunit + DNA – ''Deinococcus radiodurans''<br />
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| [[3gpl]] - DrExN-V RECD subunit + DNA + ADPNP
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| ===ExN-VII===
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| [[1vp7]] – ExN-VII small subunit – ''Bordetella pertussis''
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| ===ExN-VIII===
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| [[3h4r]] - EcExN-VIII C terminal (mutant)
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| ===Phage ExN===
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| [[1ut5]], [[1ut8]] – T5-5’-ExN + metal – Bacteriophage T5<br />
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| [[1exn]], [[1xo1]] - T5-5’-ExN (mutant)<br />
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| [[1avq]] – BlExN λ (mutant) – Bacteriophage λ<br />
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| [[3slp]] - BlExN λ + DNA<br />
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| [[3sm4]] - BlExN λ (mutant) + DNA<br />
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| [[3k93]] – ExN – Haemophilus somnus
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| ===Exosome complex ExN===
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| [[2ba1]] – AfExN Rrp41<br />
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| [[2br2]] – SsExN-I + ExN-II – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''<br />
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| [[2jea]], [[2je6]], [[2jeb]] - SsExN-I (mutant) + ExN-II + RNA-binding protein 1<br />
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| [[2hbj]], [[2hbk]], [[2hbl]], [[2hbm]] – yExN Rrp6 (mutant) <br />
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| [[2ja9]] – yExN Rrp40<br />
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| [[2vnu]] – yExN Rrp44 + DNA<br />
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| [[2wp8]] - yExN Rrp45, Ski6, Dis3<br />
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| [[2ioc]] - hExN Trex1 N terminal<br />
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| [[2nn6]] – hExN Rrp41, Rrp45, Rrp42, Rrp40, Prp43, Rrp46, Mtr3, Csl4, Rrp4
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| ===Various ExN===
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| [[1ir6]], [[2zxo]], [[2zxp]], [[2zxr]] – ExN Recj – ''Thermus thermophiles''<br />
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| [[1w0h]] – hExn Eri1 nuclease domain <br />
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| [[1zbu]] - hExn Eri1<br />
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| [[1zbh]] - hExn Eri1 (mutant) + DNA<br />
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| [[1y97]] – hExN Trex2<br />
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| [[2o4g]] - mExN Trex1 + nucleotide – mouse<br />
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| [[3mxj]] - mExN Trex1<br />
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| [[2o4i]], [[3mxi]], [[3mxm]], [[3u3y]], [[3u6f]] - mExN Trex1 (mutant) + polynucleotide<br />
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| [[2oa8]] - mExN Trex1 + DNA<br />
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| [[3b6o]], [[3b6p]] - mExN Trex1 + ion inhibitor<br />
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| [[2w45]] – H4ExN alkaline - Herpesvirus 4<br />
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| [[2w4b]] - H4ExN alkaline (mutant)<br />
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| [[3syy]] - LhExN alkaline – ''Laribacter hongkongensis''<br />
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| [[3sz4]] - LhExN alkaline + AMP<br />
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| [[3sz5]] - LhExN alkaline + polynucleotide<br />
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| [[3e2v]] – yExN - yeast | |
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| | </StructureSection> |
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
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| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |