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| [[Image:1z5w.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of Tubulin [[1z5w]]]]
| | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='γ-tubulin complex with GTP and Mg+2 ion (green), [[1z5w]]' scene='43/430888/Cv/2' pspeed='8'> |
| {{STRUCTURE_1z5w| PDB=1z5w | SIZE=350| SCENE=Tubulin/Cv/1 |right|CAPTION= γ-tubulin complex with GTP and Mg+2 ion (green), [[1z5w]] }}
| | == Function == |
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| | [[Tubulin]] (TUB) is a constituent of microtubules in eukaryotes. Microtubules are assembled from dimers of '''α-tubulin''' (TUBA) and '''β-tubulin''' (TUBB) bound to GTP. '''γ-tubulin''' (TUBG) is part of the nucleation of microtubules<ref>PMID:11297925</ref>. Human TUB contains several numbered subtypes. Tubulin filaments are stabilized by taxol and zampanolide. '''FtsZ''' (Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z) is a prokaryotic homologue of TUB<ref>PMID:26463348</ref>. See [[Cell division protein]] and [[Beta tubulin]]. |
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| | == Relevance == |
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| | The chemotherapeutic drug Taxol interacts with TUBB. See [[Molecular Playground/Taxol]]. TUBA and TUBB expression in polyps of invasive colon cancer is different from normal<ref>PMID:16101133</ref>. |
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| | See [[Paclitaxel]]. |
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| | == Disease == |
| | Mutations in TUBB underlie a large spectrum of neuronal migration disorders<ref>PMID:19465910</ref>. |
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| | | == Structural highlights == |
| | | *<scene name='43/430888/Cv/6'>γ-tubulin interactions with GTP and Mg+2 ion</scene> ([[1z5w]]). |
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| [[Tubulin]] (TUB) is a constituent of microtubules in eukaryotes. Microtubules are assembled from dimers of α-tubulin (TUBA) and β-tubulin (TUBB) bound to GTP. γ-tubulin (TUBG) is part of the nucleation of microtubules. Human TUB contains several numbered subtypes. FtsZ (Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z) is a prokaryotic homologue of TUB. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative Tubulin, ''i.e.'' the crystal structure of Tubulin ([[1z5w]]).
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| {{TOC limit|limit=2}}
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| == 3D Structures of Tubulin == | | == 3D Structures of Tubulin == |
| | [[Tubulin 3D Structures]] |
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| ''Update February 2013''
| | </StructureSection> |
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| === Tubulin ===
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| ===α-tubulin===
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| [[2bto]] – PdTUBA+thioredoxin 1 – ''Prosthecobacter dejongeii''<br />
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| ===α-tubulin + β-tubulin===
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| [[3hkb]], [[3hkc]], [[3hkd]], [[3hke]], [[3n2g]], [[3n2k]], [[3ryc]], [[3ryf]], [[3ryh]], [[3ryi]] – sTUBA+sTUBB+stathmin-like protein B3 – sheep<br />
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| [[4f61]] - sTUBA+sTUBB+stathmin-like protein R4<br />
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| [[3ut5]] - sTUBA+sTUBB+stathmin-like protein B3 + vinca peptide<br />
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| [[4drx]] - sTUBA+sTUBB + ankyrin repeat protein<br />
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| [[4f6r]] - sTUBA+sTUBB+stathmin-like protein R1 + ankyrin repeat protein<br />
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| [[2wbe]] – cTUBA1D+cTUBB2B+kinesin+AMPPNP – cow<br />
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| [[3dco]] - cTUBA+cTUBB+kinesin-like NOD<br />
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| [[1tvk]] - cTUBA+cTUBB+GDP+GTP+Epothilone A – electron crystallography<br />
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| [[3iz0]] - cTUBA+cTUBB+hNDC80/SPC25+hNUF2/SPC24 – electron microscopy<br />
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| [[3edl]] - cTUBA1D+cTUBB2B+kinesin motor domain<br />
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| [[2xrp]] - cTUBA1D+cTUBB2B+doublecortin <br />
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| [[3du7]], [[3e22]], [[1z2b]], [[1sa0]], [[1sa1]] – cTUBA1C+cTUBB2B+stathmin-like protein B3<br />
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| [[1ffx]] - cTUBA+cTUBB+stathmin-like protein B3<br />
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| [[1jff]] - cTUBA+cTUBB<br />
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| [[2p4n]] - hTUBA+hTUBB+kinesin heavy chain<br />
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| [[2hxf]] - pTUBA+pTUBB+kinesin-like KIF1A+AMPPNP – pig<br />
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| [[2hxh]] - pTUBA+pTUBB+kinesin-like KIF1A+ADP<br />
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| [[1ia0]] - pTUBA+pTUBB+kinesin-like KIF1A+ATP<br />
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| [[4abo]] - pTUBA+pTUBB+ microtubule integrity protein MAL3<br />
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| [[1tub]] - pTUBA+pTUBB – electron diffraction<br />
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| [[4aqv]], [[4aqw]] - bTUBA+bTUBB+kinesin-like KIF11 – bovine – Cryo EM<br />
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| [[4atu]] - bTUBA1D+bTUBB2B+doublecortin – Cryo EM<br />
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| [[4atx]] - bTUBA1D+bTUBB2B+kinesin motor domain – Cryo EM<br />
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| [[2btq]] – PdTUBA+PdTUBB<br />
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| [[4ffb]] - TUBA+TUBB (mutant) + protein STU2 - yeast
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| ===γ-tubulin===
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| [[3cb2]] – hTUBG1+GDP<br />
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| [[1z5v]] - hTUBG1+GTPgS<br />
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| [[1z5w]] - hTUBG1+GTP<br />
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| === FtsZ ===
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| [[2rhh]], [[2rhj]] – BsFtsZ+SO4 – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br />
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| [[2rhl]] - BsFtsZ+GDP<br />
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| [[2rho]] - BsFtsZ+GDP+GTP-gamma-S<br />
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| [[2vxy]], [[2vam]] – BsFtsZ<br />
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| [[2ve8]] – PaFtsZ gamma domain – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa''<br />
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| [[2ve9]] - PaFtsZ gamma domain+DNA<br />
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| [[2vaw]] – PaFtsZ+GDP<br />
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| [[1ofu]] - PaFtsZ+SULA<br />
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| [[2r75]] - AaFtsZ+8-morpholino-GTP – ''Aquifex aeolicus''<br />
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| [[2r6r]] - AaFtsZ<br />
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| [[2q1x]], [[1rq2]] - MtFtsZ+citrate – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
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| [[2q1y]], [[1rlu]] - MtFtsZ+GTP-gamma-S<br />
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| [[1rq7]] - MtFtsZ+GDP<br />
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| [[2vap]] – MjFtsZ+GDP – ''Methancaldococcus jannaschii''<br />
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| [[1w58]] - MjFtsZ+GMPCPP<br />
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| [[1w59]], [[1fsz]] – MjFtsZ<br />
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| [[1w5a]] - MjFtsZ+MgGTP<br />
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| [[1w5b]] - MjFtsZ+GTP<br />
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| [[1w5e]], [[1w5f]] – MjFtsZ (mutant)
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |